Documenti di Didattica
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Prepared by
The Southwestern Section
International Association of Electrical Inspectors
1999 Grounding and Bonding Committee
William B. Brownell, P.E., Chairman
Scott Davis Timothy Owens
Bill Dickey Jim Palma
Doug Effenberger, P.E. Chuck Leisher
Jesus Mosqueda Supot Ying
Iraj Nasrolahi, P.E.
Incorporated
1928
OF
Keystone
of the
Electrical
Industry
120V 120V
120V 120V
120V
The neutrals must be grounded because the maximum voltage to ground from any ungrounded conductor does not
exceed 150 volts.
120V 277V
120V 277V
(b) (2)
120V 277V
208Y/120V, 3Ø 4W 480Y/277V, 3Ø 4W
Where the system is three phase, four wire, wye connected in which the neutral is used as a circuit conductor.
B
0V
24
240V
208V
120/240V, 3Ø 4W A C
(b) (3)
120V
120V
Where the system is three phase, four wire, delta connected in which the midpoint on one phase winding is used as a cir-
cuit conductor.
CAUTION: There exists a “high leg” (208V) voltage from the B phase to ground. The B phase is only to be used in 240V 3
phase or 240V single phase applications.
Additional
Grounding Electrode Grounding
Electrode
250-24 (a) 5: A grounding connection shall not be made to any grounded circuit conductor on the load side of the ser-
vice disconnecting means.
Service
Sub-Panel
N Insulated Neutral
Bus (not grounded)
N N
G G
G
250-24 (c)
Main Disconnect
Building 1
Building 2
N N
Insulated N N
One Branch
Neutral Circuit Only
Bus G G
Grounding G G
Electrode
Building 1
Common Service
Building 2 Building 3
N
Insulated
Neutral
N BUS N
N G G
G G
Building 1
`
Building 2 Building 3
N N N
N N
Remote Remote
Disconnect Disconnect
Insulated Insulated
Neutral Neutral
BUS BUS
Building Building
N N N N
Bonding Bonding
Screw Screw
G G
N N
G Enclosure G Enclosure
Immediately Immediately
Inside or Outside Inside or Outside
Building Building
G
Enclosure
G
1. 2. 3. 4.
Rebar or
No. 4 AWG bare copper
1 4
2 3
10 feet Rebar
or more
Connection must be Metal frame must be At least 20 feet of No.4 At least No.2 bare
made within 5 feet effectively grounded. rebar (½") or No.4 copper conductor. It
of point of entrance 250-50 (b) (minimum) AWG bare must encircle the
of piping. copper conductor. Rebar building and never
250-50, -(a) or conductor must be be less than 20 feet.
encased with no less 250-50 (d)
than 2" of concrete.
Epoxy coated rebar is
not acceptable as
electrode.
250-50( c)
250-50: All the grounding electrode conductors shown above are sole connections to the service equipment, therefore
the exceptions to sizing apply. Minimum sizes for copper grounding electrode conductors are:
1 No. 8 through 3/0. Use Table 250-66 for sizing.
2 No. 8 through 3/0. Use Table 250-66 for sizing.
3 No. 8 through No. 4 Use Table 250-66 for sizing. It is never required to be larger than No. 4 regardless of the
size of the service conductors, 250-66 (b).
4 The sole connections never have to be larger than the ground rings, 250-66 (c).
Service
Equipment
Metal Frame
2
3
1
Metal 4
Water Pipe Rebar
Ground Ring
250-50 (a) 2:
Service Equipment
Service Equipment
Service Equipment
250-50:
If both are available, the steel frame of the building and a concrete encased rebar must both be used to form the ground-
ing electrode system.
Service
Equipment
Rebar No. 4
or larger
(½" diameter)
The metal frame of the building must be effectively grounded, 250-50 (b).
The connection of the grounding electrode conductor to the steel frame may be by exothermic welding, 250-70.
The grounding electrode conductor between the service equipment and any convenient part of the grounding electrode
system (to the first electrode) must be installed in one continuous length without a splice unless spliced by means of listed
irreversible compression connectors or exothermic welding, 250-64 (c). It must always be suitably protected against corro-
sion, 250-62.
250-50:
• The steel frame of a building may be used as a sole electrode where effectively grounded, 250-50 (b).
• The concrete encased electrode (Ufer) may be used as the sole electrode, 250-50 (c).
• The ground ring may be used as the sole electrode, 250-50 (d).
• A metal underground water pipe shall not be used as a sole electrode, 250-50 (a) 2.
Flush with
grade
Where the grounding electrode conductor is con-
nected to made electrodes permitted in section
250-52(c) or (d), the size shall not be required to be
larger than No. 6 copper wire. 250-66 (a) It must be a
sole connection under this condition.
The connection device must be listed for direct soil
burial (250-70). It does not have to be accessible
(250-68 (a) Exception).
An eight foot ground rod must be flush or below
grade because the NEC requires at least eight feet to
Eight foot be in contact with the soil (250-52 (c) (3)).
ground rod
A standard ten foot ground rod can be used, with no
less than eight feet in contact with the soil. Any rod
projecting above the surface must be protected
against physical damage (250-52 (c) 3, 250-10).
A single electrode consisting of a rod, pipe, or plate
which does not have a resistance to ground of 25
ohms or less shall be augmented by one additional
electrode of any of the types specified in section
250-50 or 250-52. Where multiple rod, pipe, or plate
electrodes are installed to meet the requirements of
this section, they shall be not less than six feet (1.83m)
apart.
Resistance tests are not required on the supplemental
electrode.
Grounding Electrode
Conductor
Rod 2'-6"
-or-
45°
Rod Corrosion
be buried in a trench resistant
not less than two feet connection
six inches deep
1,000 kcmil
Service Conductors
Steel
Frame Meter sockets are not shown
A Size is 2/0 The grounding electrode conductor is based on Table 250-66 for 1,000 kcmil ser-
vice-entrance conductors.
B Size is No. 2 The grounding electrode conductor tap is based on Table 250-66 for 300 kcmil service
conductors.
C Size is No. 4 The grounding electrode conductor tap is based on Table 250-66 for 3/0 service con-
ductors.
D Size is No. 8 The grounding electrode conductor tap is based on Table 250-66 for No. 3 service
250-64 INSTALLATION AND PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS FOR THE GROUNDING ELECTRODE CONDUCTORS