UNIT 3 - TASK 3 - ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES IN GUIDED MEDIA

Student name: Luis Fernando Rodriguez

Group n°: (203058A_761)

Identification number: 119351091

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL ABIERTA Y A DISTANCIA UNAD

Escuela de Ciencias Básicas, Tecnología e Ingeniería
Teoría Electromagnética y Ondas
MAYO 2020
1. What do you understand by transmission line? Mention some types.
Answer: Transmission lines is defined as the path of carrying alternating
electrical from source to load. Example: the wire used between TV antenna and
television set or the wire used between transmitter antenna and transmitter are
known as transmission lines. Unlike a conventional low-frequency circuit, the
voltages and currents on a transmission line vary with longitudinal position
because they experience a phase delay as the wave propagates from one end
of the line to the other. Some types are:
• Co-axial line
• Fiber Optic
• MicroStrip Line
• Parallel Wires Above a Ground Plane

2. What is a bounded transmission line?

The guided media is also called wired communication or bounded transmission
media, guided media uses a physical path or conductor to transmit the signals.
Categories of guided media are twisted pair cable, coaxial cable and optical
fibre.
3. Define the following electrical parameters of transmission lines:
a. Input impedance Z¿
Answer: Impedance of a transmission line is the relationship between the
difference in potential applied and the current absorbed by the line in the
hypothetical case that it has an infinite length, or when still being finite and there
are no reflections. Questions: (write with your own words) Introduction
b. Stationary wave ratio VSWR.
The parameter VSWR is a measure that numerically describes how well the
antenna is impedance matched to the radio or transmission line it is connected
to. VSWR stands for Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, and is also referred to as
Standing Wave Ratio (SWR). VSWR is a function of the reflection coefficient,
which describes the power reflected from the antenna.
c. Physical length L and electrical length l.
Answer: An electrical length is a length refered to the wavelength. For example
your frequency is 100MHz therefore your free wavelength is 3 meters. Mostly
the transmission line is built from dielectric material which causes the
wavelength to be shorter. The physical length is the length of the medium from
the beginning until the end of the transmission line.
4. What is the purpose of Smith's Letter in the study of the propagation of
waves?
Answer: It is a diagram that allows you to relate the change that occurs in a
complex impedance due to the length of the transmission line, which allows you
to find a series of transmission parameters without the need to perform
operations with complex numbers.

Activities to develop

For the development of this activity, explore in the Knowledge

Environment, in Unit 3, the bibliographical reference of Chen, W.
(2005), on pages 525-551, Joines, W., Bernhard, J., & Palmer, W.
(2012), on pages 23-45 and supplement with the aids generated by
the tutor within the forum, to solve the following consultation and
application exercises:

Questions: (write with your own words)

1. What do you understand by transmission line? Mention some
types.
2. What is a bounded transmission line?
3. Define the following electrical parameters of transmission lines:
a. Input impedance Z¿ .
b. Stationary wave ratio VSWR .
c. Physical length L and electrical length 𝓁.
4. What is the purpose of Smith's Letter in the study of the
propagation of waves?

Application exercises:
For the development of the following exercises, note that 76
corresponds to the group number and 119 to the first 3 digits of the
identification number.

1. A coaxial line has the following characteristics:

Geometric parameters: a=0.2 mm b=20 mm t=( 76+10)μm
8
Conductor properties: (conductivity) σ c =4.3 x 10 Sm/m

Properties of the insulator: σ d=1 x 10 Sm/m ϵ r=2.1 μr =1

−13

Applied signal frequency: f =119 KHz

 a. Calculate the electrical parameters R L C G.

1
δp=
√ π∗f∗❑c∗❑0
1
δp=
√ π∗119 khz∗4.3 x 108∗¿ ¿ ¿

b. Using the distributed model, calculate the propagation

parameters α , β , γ ∧Z 0 .
c. Calculate the propagation velocity V p, the wavelength λ and
the attenuation α dB / Km.

Figure 1: Geometrical parameters in coaxial line.

2. A Z o=75 Ω lossless transmission line has a Z L =35− j75 Ω. If it is

¿ m long and the wavelength is CCC mm, Calculate:
a. Input impedance Z¿ .
b. Reflection coefficient Γ (magnitude and phase).
c. VSWR.

Figure 2: Graphic representation of the transmission line.

3. Bearing in mind that Smith's letter is used to determine

parameters of the transmission lines, use the "Smith 4.1"
 software found in the Practical Learning Environment to check
the results obtained in point 2.
a. Input impedance Z¿ .
b. Reflection coefficient Γ .
c. VSWR.
d. Find an electrical length 𝓁 where the input impedance Z¿ is
real.

Figure 3: Letter of Smith.