May 17, 2019

M.M. Ehsan Zameel

Project Director
Excavation & development of 100’ wide Khal along the both side of Purbachal link road (from
kuril to Balu river) project
Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK)
RAJUK Bhaban, (7th Floor), Motijheel, Dhaka-1000

Subject: Appeal for organizing Study Tour Program for Government Officials in
USA.

Dear Sir,

Stony Brook University is a public research university in northern USA has a strong emphasis
on Engineering implementation. It has enriched faculty members who provide the necessity of
its students.

We are confident enough to arrange the study tour program in USA.

We have carefully studied the objectives and requisites of the concerned program, and we
believe that the rich learning experiences our programs offer can effect powerful and positive
transformation.

Topic: Best Practices of Excavation and Development of Canals

Destination: USA
Participants: 10 pax
Duration: 10 Days (Excluding Travel)
Date: June 14 – June 23, 2019 or nearest possible date

If you need any clarification on any issue, please let us know.

Sincerely,

Xinwei Mao
Assistant Professor
Department of Civil Engineering
Stony Brook University
Stony Brook, NY 11794-4424

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
 Proposal for Organizing Study Tour Program on
“Lake Development Practices and Wastewater Treatment”
Venue: USA [New York and Washington]

Lake Development in City of New York

Lake water quality monitoring

by New York State is currently
being conducted by the
NYSDEC and includes the
following ongoing
components: the Citizens’
Statewide Lake Assessment
Program (CSLAP), the Lake
Classification and Inventory
(LCI) Survey, the Lake
Champlain Monitoring
Program and special studies
involving acid rain, lake use
impairment, USEPA Clean
Lakes projects, special projects as related to local, short‐term problem assessment, and other
miscellaneous activities. The NYSDEC Inland Lakes and Freshwater Section also works
jointly with other institutions in other contemporary or recently completed lake monitoring
projects, including the Adirondack Effects Assessment Program (AEAP, with RPI and others),
Finger Lakes Monitoring (with UFI), the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program
(EMAP, with USEPA, USFWS, and others), and storm water monitoring of tributaries to
several NY Slakes, including Lake George and several NYC reservoirs. The Citizens' State
wide Lake Assessment Program was started in 1986 and is a scientific and educational
program in which citizen volunteers are trained to collect water quality information. The
program is a cooperative effort between the NYSDEC and the Federation of Lake
Associations, Inc., a coalition of organizations dedicated to the preservation and restoration of
all lakes, ponds and rivers throughout New York State. During 2007, there were about 225
lakes and ponds associated with the program, although only about 90‐100 are actively
sampled in any particular year. Biweekly sampling begins in mid‐June and continues for 15
weeks through early October. Water quality data collected as part of the program include
Secchi disk transparency and the following chemical parameters: total phosphorus, nitrate‐
nitrogen, true color, pH, specific conductance, and chlorophyll. At some lakes, dissolved
oxygen, lake level, amount and pH of precipitation, and aquatic plant populations also are
assessed. Volunteer monitors also complete user and (since 1992) field perception surveys,
the latter of which are cross‐referenced against instantaneous water quality data collected to
provide a linkage between public opinion and measured eutrophication parameters. These

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
linkages are being utilized to develop phosphorus guidance values serving as the end point in
the revision of aforementioned phosphorus effluent TOGS.

The Lake Classification and Inventory Program was initiated in 1982. Each year,
approximately 10-25 water bodies are sampled in a specific geographic region of the State.
The waters selected for sampling are considered to be the most significant in that particular
region, both in terms of water quality and level of public access. Samples are collected for pH,
ANC, specific conductance, temperature oxygen ,chlorophyll , nutrients and plankton at the
surface and with depth at the deepest point of the lake, four‐seven times per year (with
stratified lakes sampled more frequently than shallow lakes). Sampling generally begins
during May and end in October. This project had been suspended after 1992, due to resource
(mostly staff time) limitations, but was resumed on a smaller lakes beginning again in 1996.
Since 1998, this program has been geographically linked with the Rotating Intensive Basin
Sampling (RIBS) stream monitoring program conducted by the NYSDEC Bureau of
Watershed Assessment. LCI sites are chosen within the RIBS monitoring basins
(Susquehanna River basin in 2003, Long Island Sound/ Atlantic Ocean and Lake Champlain
basins in 2004, Genesee and Delaware River basins in 2005, the Mohawk and Niagara Rivers
basins in 2006, Upper Hudson River and Seneca/Oneida/Oswego Rivers basins in 2007, and
the Lake Champlain, Lower Hudson River, and Atlantic Ocean/Long Island Sound basin in
2008) from among the water bodies listed on the NYS Priority Water bodies List for which
water quality data are incomplete or absent, or from the largest lakes in the respective basin
in which no water quality data exists within the NYSDEC database. Sampling via this program
is also conducted in two year intervals, with limited (1‐2x) sampling in the first year for lakes
without water quality data, and monthly for NYS PWL lakes for which data are incomplete.
These are referred to as “mass attack” and “rotating basin” sampling, respectively, after the
RIBS stream sampling model (to complete the model, the NYS ambient lakes monitoring
program considers the CSLAP and Finger Lakes data set to be the “fixedsite” or “index lake”
network sites).

Waste Water Treatment in USA

For many years, humans have treated wastewater to protect human and ecological health
from waterborne diseases. Since the early 1970s, effluent water quality has been improved at
Publicly Owned Treatment Works (POTWs) and other point source discharges through major
public and private investments prescribed by the Clean Water Act (CWA). Despite the
improvement in effluent quality, point source discharges continue to be a significant contributor
to the degradation of surface water quality. In addition, much of the existing wastewater
infrastructure, including collection systems, treatment plants, and equipment, has deteriorated
and is in need of repair or replacement.

Contamination and Impacts

 Pollutants contaminate receiving water via many pathways: point sources, non-point
sources (e.g., air deposition, agriculture), sanitary sewer overflows, stormwater runoff,
combined sewer overflows, and hydrologic modifications (e.g., channelization and
dredging).

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
  53% of river and stream miles, 71% of lake acres, 79% of estuarine square miles, and
98% of Great Lakes shoreline miles that have been assessed are classified as
impaired (unacceptable for at least one designated use) by the EPA.

 19% of households are not served by public sewers and usually depend on septic
tanks to treat and dispose of wastewater. Failing septic systems may contaminate
surface and groundwater.

Wastewater Treatment Process

Treatment of Municipal Wastewater

 An estimated 14,748 POTWs provide wastewater collection, treatment, and disposal

service to 238.2 million people. Use of reclaimed water for consumption is becoming
more common, particularly in the fast-growing southwest region of the U.S.

 In 2010, California recycled roughly 650,000 acre-feet of water per year (ac-ft/yr). They
have set ambitious goals to increase water recycling, with at least 1 million ac-ft/yr
recycled by 2020, and 2 million ac-ft/yr by 2030.

 POTWs generate over 8 million tons (dry weight) of sludge annually. Sludge requires
significant energy to treat—about one-third of total electricity use by a wastewater
treatment system.

 In the U.S., chlorination is the most common means of disinfection. Chlorination may
be followed by dechlorination with sulfur dioxide to avoid deteriorating ecological health
of the receiving stream and the production of carcinogenic by-products.

 Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is the most common alternative to chlorination and has
comparable energy consumption.

 Chemical additions of ferric salts and lime enhance coagulation and sedimentation
processes for improved solids removal as well as removal of toxic pollutants. However,
their production and transport have life cycle impacts.

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
  Classes of unregulated compounds known as “contaminants of emerging concern”
(CECs) are a concern for water treatment engineers, particularly pharmaceuticals,
personal care products, and perfluorinated compounds. In the past decade,
polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) have
become CECs due to their wide distribution and persistence in the environment. Some
of these chemicals are endocrine disruptors, a class of compounds that alter the
normal functioning of endocrine systems, including those that affect growth,
reproduction, and behavior. Many of these chemicals are not removed by POTWs.

Biosolids (Sludge) End-of-Life

 Qualified biosolids can be beneficially used after “stabilization,” which kills pathogens
and decomposing vector attractive substances.

 54% of biosolids are beneficially used. Most of this is applied to agricultural sites, with
minor amounts applied to forestry and reclamation sites (e.g., Superfund and
Brownfield lands) and urban area (e.g., maintaining park land).

Biosolids Use and Disposal

*(e.g., treated for horticulture use)

Life Cycle Impacts

Wastewater treatment systems reduce environmental impacts in the receiving water but
create other life cycle impacts mainly through energy consumption. Greenhouse gas (GHG)
emissions are associated with both the energy and chemicals used in wastewater treatment
and the degradation of organic materials in the POTW.

Electricity Consumption and Emissions

 2% of total U.S. electricity use goes towards moving and treating water and
wastewater.

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
  In 2000, energy-related emissions resulting from POTW operations, excluding organic
sludge degradation, led to total emissions of 15.5 teragrams (Tg) CO 2-equivalents
(CO2-eq.), an acidification potential of 145 gigagrams (Gg) SO2 equivalents, and
eutrophication potential of 4 Gg PO43- equivalents.

 CH4 and N2O are mainly emitted during organic sludge degradation by aerobic and
anaerobic bacteria, wastewater treatment plant and receiving water body. In 2016, an
estimated 14.8 and 5.0 MMT CO2-eq. of CH4 and N2O, respectively, resulted from
organic sludge degradation in wastewater treatment systems, about 0.3% of total U.S.
GHG emissions.

Life Cycle Impact of Wastewater Treatment Systems

Social and Economic Impacts

 Population growth and urban sprawl increase the collection (sewer) system needed.

 Although the 50-year life expectancy of a sewer system is longer than treatment
equipment (15 to 20 years), renovation needs of a sewer system can be more costly.
If there is no renewal or replacement of existing 600,000 miles of sewer systems, the
amount of deteriorated pipe will increase from 10% to 44% of the total network from
1980 to 2020. In 2012, U.S. clean water needs for building new and updating existing
wastewater treatment plants, pipe repair and new pipes, and combined sewer overflow
corrections were $102.0, $95.7, and $48.0 billion, respectively.

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
Solutions and Sustainable Alternatives

Administrative Strategy

 Investment in wastewater treatment systems is shifting from new construction projects

to maintenance of original capacity and function of facilities (asset management). Life
cycle costing should be embedded in capital budgeting, and combined sewer overflow,
sanitary sewer overflow, and stormwater management programs need to be conducted
continuously.

 In order to meet ambient water standards, total maximum daily loads (TMDLs)
considering both point and non-point source pollutant loadings can be developed to
achieve fishable and swimmable water quality. Watershed-based management of
clean water is expected to facilitate establishment of these TMDLs.

Reduce Loading

 Examples of projects to reduce or

divert wastewater flow include
disconnecting household rainwater
drainage from sanitary sewers,
installing green roofs, and replacing
impervious surfaces with porous
pavement, swales, or French drains.

 Toilets, showers, and faucets

represent 62% of all indoor water
use. Install high-efficiency toilets,
composting toilets, low-flow shower
heads, faucet aerators, and rain
barrels. One study found water-efficient appliances contributed to a 10% decline in
household water use since 1990.

 Graywater—wash water from kitchen sinks, tubs, clothes washers, and laundry tubs—
can be used by homeowners for gardening, lawn maintenance, landscaping, and other
uses.

Technological Improvements and System Design

 The aeration process, which facilitates microbial degradation of organic matter, can
account for 25% to 60% of the energy use in wastewater treatment plants. Flexible
designs allow the system to meet oxygen demands as they fluctuate with time of day
and season.

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
  Pumping systems, typically consuming 10-15% of energy at wastewater treatment
plants, can lead to inefficient energy consumption when pumps, flow control, and
motors are mismatched to treatment plant needs.

 A number of treatment plants are considering using methane generated from

anaerobic digestion of biosolids as an energy resource.

 Water reuse can significantly decrease system energy usage.

Program Objectives

After the successful completion of the program the participants are expected to learn the
following:

 Gain knowledge on modern lake development techniques proposed in developed

countries.
 Gain knowledge on lake water monitoring and lake water assessment methods.
 Articulating sound management, use and enjoyment techniques for lake development.
 Gain knowledge on Comprehensive Approach to Clean Water in lakes through
concrete actions.
 Gain knowledge on Treatment of Municipal Wastewater followed in developed
countries.
 Gain knowledge on the systematic approach for wastewater treatment that is followed
in developed countries.
 Gain knowledge on the technological improvements and system design for waste
water treatment.

Methodology of the Program

The fundamental methodology will be founded on the tour to applicable association in order
to increase down to earth understanding on the finding and suitable responsive activities.
Finding will help in following out the distinctions in the present practices and the craved state.
Fitting responsive activities will permit decreasing the contrasts between the current and
craved practices. The program emphasizes on a mix of classroom addresses, intuitive
sessions and discourses, contextual investigations and field visits to pertinent associations.
All sessions will have concentrate on participative dialogs equipped towards upgrading of
members' functional information on the administration and specialized issues. Components of
experiential learning will be bestowed where the members build information, aptitude and
worth frame direct experience.

Medium of Instruction

English

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
Accommodation

Suitable accommodation shall be provided during your entire program period. The
confirmation is to be made two weeks prior to the program. Although the implementing agency
will make the booking, you are liable to pay for the Hotel from your Per Diem Allowance.

Program Outline

DAY TIME MODULES Institution

Arrival Day Depart from Dhaka, Bangladesh

Thursday Arrival At New York
Jun-13 Hotel Check In
Introductory Session
10.00-13.00  Brief on lake water monitoring and lake
assessment in city if New York.
 Planning and execution of different programs that Stony Brook
Day 01
is related to lake development. University
Friday
Lunch Break
Jun-14
Session on
14.00-16.00  Brief on the waste water treatment process that is
followed in USA
 Social and Economic impact of waste water
treatment system
Day 02 Visit to lakes and other water bodies near new York city due to official
Saturday weekend
Jun-15
Day 03 Visit to lakes and other water bodies near new York city due to official
Sunday weekend
Jun-16
Meeting Session on
10.00-13.00  How Local climate impact eh development of lakes The New York
 Labor availability and labor requirement to City
maintain the progress of the project Department of
Day 04  Temporary work stoppage due to inclement Environmental
Monday weather or material shortage and Rework for Protection
Jun-17 correcting unsatisfactory work
Lunch Break
Meeting Session on
14.00-16.00  Brief on New York’s Wastewater Treatment System
 advanced analytics, software, and mapping tools New York City
being used to target problematic areas regarding Water Board
wastewater treatment
10.00-13.00 Lecture Session United States
 Effective method to ensure sustainable lake Geological
ecosystem Survey
Day 05  Effective method to ensure area of concern for lake
Tuesday development
Jun-18 Lunch Break
14:00-16:00 Lecture Session on
 Wastewater treatment system that ensure friendly New York City
lake ecosystem. Hall
 Brief on the waste water treatment process that is
followed in United States

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
 10.00-13.00 Meeting Session on
Day 06  Preserve Waterfront of New York State New York
Wednesday  Establish a framework for the evaluation of State Canal
Jun-19 significant archaeological resources Corporation
Lunch Break
14.00-16.00 Travel to Washington
Hotel Check in
Day 07 10.00-13.00 Meeting Session on District of
Thursday  How to ensure continual upgrade of waste water Columbia
Jun-20 treatment method. Water and
 Compare the wastewater treatment process in Sewer
different communities and inland cities. Authority
Lunch Break
14.00-16.00 Visit to “Blue Plains Advanced Wastewater Treatment
Plant” to observe and learn about wastewater treatment
process in United State
Day 08 10.00-13.00 Meeting Session On National Park
Friday  Effective method to develop artificial lake Service
Jun-21  Effective methods to maintain the sustainability of
artificial lake
Lunch Break
14.00-16.00 Visit to “Kingman Lake” to observe how lake is managed
and maintained in United States.
Day 09
Visit to lakes and other water bodies near City of Washington DC due
Saturday
to official weekend
Jun-22
Day 10
Visit to lakes and other water bodies near City of Washington DC due
Sunday
to official weekend
Jun-23
Departure Day
Prepare to leave
Monday
Depart for Dhaka
Jun-24
*** This Program Outline is Tentative and subject to change

Institution Details
Stony Brook University
The State University of New York at Stony Brook is a public sea-grant
and space-grant research university located in Stony Brook, New York
in the United States. It is part of the State University of New York
(SUNY) system. The institution was founded in 1957 in Oyster Bay as
State University College on Long Island, and would evolve into the
present university after a move to Stony Brook in 1962. Since its
establishment in Stony Brook, the university has expanded to include
more than 200 major buildings with a combined area of more than 11
million gross square feet across 1,454 acres of land.

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
New York City Department of Environmental Protection

The New York City Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) is

the department of the government of New York City that manages the
city's water supply. It provides more than 1.1 billion US gallons
(4,200,000 m3) of water each day to more than 9 million residents
(including 8 million in the City of New York) through a complex network
of nineteen reservoirs, three controlled lakes and 6,000 miles (9,700
km) of water mains, tunnels and aqueducts. DEP is also responsible
for managing the city's combined sewer system, which carries both storm water runoff and
sanitary waste, and fourteen wastewater treatment plants located throughout the city. DEP
carries out federal Clean Water Act rules and regulations, handles hazardous materials
emergencies and toxic site remediation, oversees asbestos monitoring and removal, enforces
the city's air and noise codes, bills and collects on city water and sewer accounts, and
manages citywide water conservation programs. Its regulations are compiled in title 15 of the
New York City Rules.

New York City Water Board

The entirety of New York City’s water and sewer infrastructure is

funded by revenue it collects through water and sewer rates. The
New York City Water Board is responsible for setting these rates,
and must ensure that they are able to fund the entirety of the water
and sewer system’s operating and capital needs.

United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey is a scientific agency of the

United States government. The scientists of the USGS study the
landscape of the United States, its natural resources, and the natural
hazards that threaten it. The organization has four major science
disciplines, concerning biology, geography, geology, and hydrology.
The USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory
responsibility. The USGS is a bureau of the United States Department
of the Interior; it is that department's sole scientific agency. The USGS
employs approximately 8,670 people and is headquartered in Reston,
Virginia. The USGS also has major offices near Lakewood, Colorado, at the Denver Federal
Center, and Menlo Park, California.

New York City Hall

New York City Hall, the seat of New York City government, is located
at the center of City Hall Park in the Civic Center area of Lower
Manhattan, between Broadway, Park Row, and Chambers Street.
The building is the oldest city hall in the United States that still houses
its original governmental functions, such as the office of the Mayor of
New York City and the chambers of the New York City Council. While
the Mayor's Office is in the building, the staff of thirteen municipal
agencies under mayoral control are located in the nearby Manhattan
Municipal Building, one of the largest government buildings in the

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/
world. Constructed from 1803 to 1812, New York City Hall is a National Historic Landmark and
is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Both its exterior (1966) and interior (1976)
are designated New York City landmarks.

New York State Canal Corporation

The Canal Corporation runs the New York State Canal

System, which includes the Erie, Champlain, Oswego
and Cayuga-Seneca canals. Spanning 524 miles, the
waterway links the Hudson River with the Great Lakes,
the Finger Lakes and Lake Champlain. In 2017, the Canal Corporation celebrated the 200th
anniversary of the groundbreaking for the Erie Canal, which occurred in the city of Rome on
July 4, 1817. The Canal System includes the Erie Canalway Trail, a multi-use trail designed
to accommodate pedestrians, bicyclists, and cross-country skiers. Together, the canals and
trail create a world-class recreationway that is a vibrant, scenic and unique New York
resource.

District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority

The District of Columbia Water and Sewer Authority (DC Water)

provides drinking water, sewage collection and sewage treatment in
Washington, D.C.. The utility also provides wholesale wastewater
treatment services to several adjoining municipalities in Maryland and
Virginia, and maintains more than 9,000 public fire hydrants in the
District of Columbia. DC Water was created in 1996, when the District
Government and the U.S. federal government established it as an independent authority of
the District government.

National Park Service

The National Park Service (NPS) is an agency of the United States

federal government that manages all national parks, many national
monuments, and other conservation and historical properties with
various title designations.[1] It was created on August 25, 1916, by
Congress through the National Park Service Organic Act and is an
agency of the United States Department of the Interior. The NPS is
charged with a dual role of preserving the ecological and historical
integrity of the places entrusted to its management, while also
making them available and accessible for public use and enjoyment.
As of 2018, the NPS employs approximately 27,000 employees who
oversee 419 units, of which 61 are designated national parks

Contact: + Address: Stony Brook, NY 11794, United States

+ 020 8516 7781http://www.gsm.org.uk/