VASQUEZ, REYCY JUSTICE JOY D.

2SSM
5 THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY: INDONESIA
LOCATION

 Absolute location: 0.7893° S, 113.9213° E

 Relative location: Indonesia is positioned just to the north ofAustraliain far
Southeast Asia, and is located on both sides of the Equator. Therefore, the
country is in both the northern and southern hemispheres, as well as the eastern
hemisphere.Indonesia is bordered by the Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, over a
dozen regional seas, and the countries of Malaysia, Papua New Guinea and East
Timor.
REGION
 Its islands can be grouped into the Greater Sunda
Islands of Sumatra (Sumatera), Java (Jawa), the southern extent
of Borneo (Kalimantan), and Celebes (Sulawesi); the Lesser Sunda Islands (Nusa
Tenggara) of Bali and a chain of islands that runs eastward through Timor;
the Moluccas (Maluku) between Celebes and the island of New Guinea; and the
western extent of New Guinea (generally known as Papua).
PLACE
Physical features:

 Indonesia is a vast equatorial archipelago of 17,000 island. Landforms on the

chains of islands include volcano, rain forests, mountains, coastal plains, lakes
and river.
 Animals found on the island may include rhinoceroses, orangutans, tapirs,
cockatoos, babirusa and tamarau.
 Plants found on the island may include orchids, rhododendrons and the wax
ginger flower.
Cultural features:

 The great majority of Indonesians are related to the peoples of eastern. The
country includes more than 300 different ethnic groups and more than twice as
many distinct languages, and most of the major world religions, as well as a wide
range of indigenous ones, are practiced there.
 Main religion: islam
  Bahasa Indonesia is the national language. Most of the several hundred
languages spoken in Indonesia have an Austronesian base.
HUMAN ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION

 The common livelihood of the citizens of Indonesia revolves to farming, fishing

and forestry.
 The current environmental issues of Indonesia are deforestation; since many
hunters are chopping down trees to make paper and tissue. Water pollution from
industrial wastes, sewage; the citizens of Jakarta likes to throw trash on the
streets, and it will always make the roads flooded and that concludes to a traffic
jam. Air pollution in urban areas; It could be either fires because of burnt
houses/buildings or it could be someone burning up the trash, which leads to
pollution. Smoke and haze from forest fires; if a person burns one whole forest, it
will lead to a huge forest fire, which can pollute the air and make people sick and
suffer from asthma.
 Nearly half of Indonesia’s population lives in rural areas. Because volcanoes play
a major role in soil development and enrichment, there is a strong relationship
between agricultural development, density of population, and location of
volcanoes
MOVEMENT

 Some of the technologies they use for communication includes communication

satellites and community-based internet infrastructures
 Main methods of travel includes boats, private cars, taxis, bemos (public
minibuses), ojeks (motorbikes), becaks (pedicabs). ). A rail network only really
exists on certain islands, such as Java.
 Oil and gas are the main export while refined petroleum oil is the main import.