NCTU ECM9042 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

ECM9042-Deep Learning
Basic Programming Skill Tutorial
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

PYTHON
Introduction
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python {…}

• Python 是一種直譯語言 Interpreted Language

• 1991 年由 Guido van Rossum 於阿姆斯特丹
大學創作及發展
• Python 對於「縮排」是非常嚴謹的，而非使
用大括號或者關鍵字

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

How to install Python 3 ?

Python Software Foundation Anaconda distribution

https://www.python.org/ https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python 3 on Linux
Ubuntu already has Python3

Ubuntu18.04 has Python3.6 Ubuntu16.04 has Python3.5

If you still want to update python on 16.04…

Run the commands carefully !!
http://ubuntuhandbook.org/index.php/2017/07/
install-python-3-6-1-in-ubuntu-16-04-lts/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Shell & File

Python Shell

Run .py File

 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912
OpenCV
Scientific Computing Modules

NumPy Matplotlib SciPy

scikit-learn Pandas Natural Language Toolkit

 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Programming Tutorials

 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Control Flow

• if…elif…else

• for…in

• While
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Iteration & Loop

A for loop is used for iterating over

a sequence (that is either a list, a
tuple, a dictionary, a set, or a string).

To loop through a set of code a

specified number of times, we can
use the range() function.
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Function

Hello MLLAB !!
Hello Jacky !!
Hello Jessica !!
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Iterator and Generator

Iterator apple
banana
cherry

1
Generator 2
3
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Data Structures

• Lists
• Tuples
• Dictionaries
• Strings
• Sets
• Frozensets
• Bytes
• Bytearrays https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Common built-in function

Function Notes
all 列表中所有元素為真
any 列表中只要有任何元素為真
enumerate 取得列表中每個元素及其索引值 (i, element)
zip 合併將多個 list 合併成 tuple of list
range 取得一序列
sort 針對 list 進行排序（由小到大），會改變原來的 list
sorted 針對 list 進行排序（由小到大），不會改變原來的 list
map 針對 list 中元素進行自訂的函數
filter 針對 list 中元素進行自訂的條件過濾
reduce 將list 中元素進行自訂的級聯運算
https://book.pythontips.com/en/latest/map_filter.html
https://blog.kdchang.cc/2016/10/30/python101-tutorial/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Class (Encapsulation)

Private:朕賜給你的，才是你的﹐朕不給﹐你不能搶。
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Class (Inheritance)

https://www.brilliantcode.net/761/python-3-6-class/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Python Class (Polymorphism)

https://www.brilliantcode.net/761/python-3-6-class/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

An Intro to Threading in Python

Main
Thread Protect shared resource
• Lock
• Semaphore
Fork • RLock
…...

Thread 0
Thread 1 Join
Thread 4
Thread 3
Thread 2
Done.
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

NumPy Tutorials
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/user/quickstart.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

B
A
Install numpy
$ pip3 install numpy

https://pypi.org/project/numpy/#files

https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/#numpy
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

NumPy ndarray
• ndarray is a fast and space-efficient multidimensional array
providing vectorized arithmetic operations and sophisticated
broadcasting capabilities
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

import numpy as np

Operations Notes
np.array([1,2,3]) One dimensional array
np.array([(1,2,3),(4,5,6)]) Two dimensional array

NumPy np.zeros(3)
np.ones((3,4))
1D array of length 3 all values 0
3x4 array with all values 1
Creating np.eye(5) 5x5 array of 0 with 1 on diagonal (Identity matrix)

Arrays np.linspace(0,100,6)
np.arange(0,10,3)
Array of 6 evenly divided values from 0 to 100
Array of values from 0 to less than 10 with step 3(eg. [0,3,6,9])
np.full((2,3),8) 2x3 array with all values 8

https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matrix ※ Scalar add subtract multiply divide power mod

operator

Operations Notes

NumPy np.add(arr,1)
np.subtract(arr,2)
Add 1 to each array element
Subtract 2 from each array element
Arithmetic np.multiply(arr,3) Multiply each array element by 3

Operations np.divide(arr,4)
np.power(arr,5)
Divide each array element by 4
Raise each array element to the 5th power
np.mod(arr,6) The element-wise remainder of the quotient.

# (returns np.nan for division by zero)

https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912
Array ※ Array add subtract multiply divide power mod

operator

Operations Notes
np.add(arr1,arr2) Elementwise add arr2 to arr1
np.subtract(arr1,arr2) Elementwise subtract arr2 from arr1
np.multiply(arr1,arr2) Elementwise multiply arr1 by arr2
NumPy np.dot(arr1,arr2) Dot product of two arrays
Arithmetic np.matmul(arr1,arr2) Matrix product of two arrays.

Operations np.divide(arr1,arr2)
np.power(arr1,arr2)
Elementwise divide arr1 by arr2
Elementwise raise arr1 raised to the power of arr2
np.array_equal(arr1,arr2) Returns True if the arrays have the same elements and shape

Matrix ※ Matrix matmul

operator @
https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Operations Notes
np.sqrt(arr) Square root of each element in the array
np.sin(arr) Sine of each element in the array
NumPy np.log(arr) Natural log of each element in the array

Arithmetic np.abs(arr)
np.ceil(arr)
Absolute value of each element in the array
Rounds up to the nearest int
Operations np.floor(arr) Rounds down to the nearest int
np.round(arr) Rounds to the nearest int

https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

import numpy.random
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-
1.15.0/reference/routines.random.html

Operations Notes
rand(d0, d1, …, dn) Random values in a given shape
NumPy randn(d0, d1, …, dn) Return samples from the "standard normal" distribution
randint(low[, high, size, dtype]) Return random integers from low (inclusive) to high (exclusive)
Random random_integers(low[, high, size]) Random integers between low and high, inclusive
sampling random_sample([size]) Return random floats in the half-open interval [0.0, 1.0)
random([size]) Return random floats in the half-open interval [0.0, 1.0)
ranf([size]) Return random floats in the half-open interval [0.0, 1.0)
sample([size]) Return random floats in the half-open interval [0.0, 1.0)
choice(a[, size, replace, p]) Generates a random sample from a given 1-D array
bytes(length) Return random bytes

https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912
https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy-1.17.0/reference/routines.statistics.html

NumPy Operations Notes

Statistics np.mean(arr,axis=0) Returns mean along specific axis
arr.sum() Returns sum of arr
arr.min() Returns minimum value of arr
arr.max(axis=0) Returns maximum value of specific axis
np.var(arr) Returns the variance of array
np.std(arr,axis=1) Returns the standard deviation of specific axis
arr.corrcoef() Returns correlation coefficient of array
https://dataquest.io/blog/numpy-cheat-sheet/
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matrix eigenvalues

NumPy
Linear Norms and other numbers

Algebra
Solving equations & inverting matrices

https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/routines.linalg.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib Tutorials
https://matplotlib.org/3.1.1/tutorials/index.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Install Matplotlib
B
A
$ pip3 install matplotlib

https://pypi.org/project/matplotlib/#files
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib Basic

https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/index.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib scatter
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib bar
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib Image
$ pip3 install Pillow
https://pillow.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

https://matplotlib.org/tutorials/introductory/images.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Matplotlib Image
Numpy Array
Shape: (height, width, channel)
[[[0.40784314 0.40784314 0.40784314]
[0.40784314 0.40784314 0.40784314]
[0.40784314 0.40784314 0.40784314]
...
[0.42745098 0.42745098 0.42745098]
[0.42745098 0.42745098 0.42745098]
[0.42745098 0.42745098 0.42745098]]
...

[[0.44313726 0.44313726 0.44313726]

[0.4509804 0.4509804 0.4509804 ]
[0.4509804 0.4509804 0.4509804 ]
...
[0.44705883 0.44705883 0.44705883]
[0.44705883 0.44705883 0.44705883]
[0.44313726 0.44313726 0.44313726]]]
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

scikit-learn Tutorials
https://scikit-learn.org/stable/tutorial/index.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

scikit-learn
Some machine learning algorithm

Check this website:

https://scikit-learn.org/stable/user_guide.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

scikit-learn
https://scikit-learn.org/stable/user_guide.html

Cross-validation
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

scikit-learn https://scikit-learn.org/stable/user_guide.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

scikit-learn https://scikit-learn.org/stable/user_guide.html
 Machine Learning Lab, NCTU ED912

Try to find the answer for yourself!

https://docs.python.org/3/

Try to understand,
don't PLAGIARISM.