Last year, five randomly selected students took a math aptitude test before they began their statistics

course. The Statistics

Department has three questions:
 What linear regression equation best predicts statistics performance, based on math aptitude scores?
 If a student made an 80 on the aptitude test, what grade would we expect her to make in statistics?
In the table below, the x i column shows scores on the aptitude test. Similarly, the y i column shows statistics grades.
Student xi yi xy y2 x2
1 95 85 8075 7225 9025
2 85 95 8075 9025 7225
3 80 70 5600 4900 6400
4 70 65 4550 4225 4900
5 60 70 4200 4900 3600
390 385 30,500 30,275 31,150

Find the following:

1.) Plot the scatter diagram for the given data.

Scatter Plot of Test Aptitude and Grades of the Students

100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

2.) Find the equation of the regression line. 3.) Find the point estimate of the grade when the student aptitude test
^y =a+bx Σ xy =30,500 is 80.
Σ x =390 Σ y 2=30 ,275 ^y =a+bx
Σ y=385 Σ x 2=¿ ¿ 27.08+0.64 x
¿ 27.08+0.64 (80)
nΣxy−ΣxΣy ¿ 27.08+51.2
b= 2
n Σx −( Σx)
2
^y =78.28 ≈ 78
5 ( 30,500 )−(390)(385)
¿
5 (31,150 )−(390) 2
b=0.64
Σ x 390
x́= = =78
n 5
Σ x 385
ý= = =77
n 5
a= ý−b x́
¿ 77−( 0.64 ) ( 78 )
a=27.08
^y =27.08+ 0.64 x

1.) What is the null hypothesis?

H 0 : β=0
2.) What is the alternative hypothesis?
H1: β ≠ 0
α =0.05
3.) What is the test statistic to be used?
Sx √ n−1(b−β 0)
t=
Se
4.) What is the appropriate critical region?
t >t a ,n−2
t >t 0.05,3
t >2.353
5.) What is the actual value of the test statistic?
n Σ x 2−(Σ x )2
S x 2=
n(n−1)
¿ 5 ( 31,150 )−¿ ¿
S x 2=182.5 Sx=13.51

S y 2=n Σ y 2−¿ ¿
¿ 5 ( 30 ,275 )−¿ ¿
S y 2=157.5

n−1
Se 2 = (sy 2−b2 sx 2 )
n−2
4
¿ ¿
3
Se 2 =110.33 S e =10.50

s x √ n−1(b−β 0 )
t=
Se
13.51 ( √ 4 ) ( 0.64−0 )
¿
10.50
t=1.65
6.) What is the statistical decision?
 t >2.353
1.65>2.353
False, Fail to reject H0
7.) What is the statistical conclusion?
Therefore, β=0.