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Studio production Famous Artists Course Fomous Artists Schools, Inc, Westpert, Connecticut Lesson Albert Dorne. Fred Ludekens Norman Rockwell AlParker Ben Stahl Stevan Dohanos Jon Whitcomb Robert Fawcett Peter Helck George Giusti Austin Briggs Harold Von Schmidt Studio production Av a commercial ari, you are jiged on the quality of our ‘work, However, yr original work i seen by relatively fee peo ple she ay be sexta Uy millions ate it sprinted. I other Irons your work is mone widely judged after Tes reproduce — Andie not wally "hnishe™ nil esi print, To achieve the tent printed feels you need thorough tindertanuling of the aroun methods of repredtion 30 Hat you know which one 10 the for parriculr job and how to prepare your work for that tmethod. “The more yot know about suo production, the more liable you will be to your employers and the more money sou will evenly extn or yours Ti this Teson ee will seqiaint you wih dhree of the most common metals of sepratetion ~ evterprss, oft lithogra pys and silk seen —and how your att ork should be pre pated for cach one. There is a fourth tethod called gravure, Inve since arti prepared for gravure much as tis for offer, we ‘wll eanfine or emonstrations co the first th “Ave work for reprodction is ivked into evo genera rypes— “te” and “tonal” Line ats compose of lines and areas of 2 solid color —usvally black ~and white; 4 pen and ink drasing fs 1 gpical example, Tonal art contains not just black and whic, but also varios ones of gray such as you se ina photo, Mechanicals Im Lesson 21 we demonuiratel nny of the things you will be ning in yout fst ob in an att sndio or agency. Several of the ppocedures you learned i hat feson wil eveneally be applied tothe making of mechanieal on pastewpy A mechanical i the de from which a printing plhte fs made. The enact sie, color lind position of ever clement that f to appear in the Gashed printed pivce ate peciely indicated on this mechanical, Am Ung pisied on a riechanial usually type proofs for sepro- Suction (pro pool) and smal le drawings or gosy stars of| line arti considera “cops” for reproduction, unles other wise marked “Toma art. whether wo be reproduced same size, enlarged. oF redived isnot pasted dos on the mechanical but sent along ra sepatate piece. Ie in shown on the mechanical by a photosat sr a iney Aratings which fas onfy one purpose —to indicate wo the printer the exact sre of te tonal are aa dhe peition itis to occupy in the printed piece. Ald phowestas ae extremely helpful ia making 2 me anieal, hey sve not avaiable everywhere, In place of sas, « Maing or a0 scent sketch can serve just a» well tof dicate the sie and poston ofthe tonal ar. the course ofthis Ieuan se will demonstrate ow to pre: Sieve Hinds uf anechanials. Mechanicals we have said, Ares guide for the making of printing plotex~ an so printing pltes te the next subject we must look into Plates ‘The preparation of priming plates vies considerably according torane method of repreution to be sed, but the general p1o- Caalure greatly simplifed — goes something Wke this: (2) The feta stages Huey all of ghe att ork —Hine and tonal— is Fhowagphed ono nepuives to the exact siae masked on your rt) Supping, or negative acembiy: Now, using the mechan feal obi, al ofthe meatives Rat have uae been prepared in Step I ae fted oF “stripped together. (8) Opaquing: With brush and opaque punt, the platemaker “opiques (cones tp) reas om the negative that should not appear on the finshed ora brown late, Nt this stage fst Hhography, a bn Proof called a vandske is mace trom ae negative for checking By the art or production man. (3) Making the plate: The hegative i placed on 2 semsitved meal plite and expined to Tight. The plate fs then deselopel. (8) Paving: Now a proof ix pled, This proving is usually omitted in ofbct, where a bive pint has afrecdy been seem and cortected. But for lterpres Sha silkscreen, the art oe predaeion man now marks this pool and returns ic for corsatin and printing. Later in this Tesson we will show yon howe the aris procedure difers for cvth ofthe thuce printing poceses ut for naye le us se jut hat the proceset are and how they WOE Letterpress In the leterpress proves Tine and tonal art are usually plated separately, These plates are etched deeply #0 that the trface {hie wil prt i rlsed, Type often combined wih these plates “and bo are "locked wp togetce into one “orm fr pinging rinsing ik i tranofrned fora the raised stnfae ofthis form ite to paper Yoru are actully painting by leerpres every time yn prem a cubber simp to af ink pa and then to pape. Offset In offet, che camera sage is almunt decal with sha of eter res. Afcr your monk photographed, everthing fy ranted {Da thin mca pte ~ ae acual type oF Fates ave be locked Up tgeter into a form, as shey wef leterpres. Intend ll {onal an in clement, inctding repro proofs of the typ see plowgraphed ftom the art at meuniere on Fim which is chen exposed ante thi single place Offer so ills from feces tte inked epresion is tanstered tn alber from the plte to “ruler blanket” and then tothe paper The mond “oie: derives fro she process of ofeting Ine tmage rom the plane co he ber blnker before contacts the paper. Exept forthe color lwo, the textbook of our CCoune ere repre by dhe ott proces Silk sereen {mechanical for sk sreem i prepared much the seme asi ‘rould befor effet and the eames stage fs abo similar. Other in hat poe gucgees” or squeered hough ney oxen Sibvucen stencil deny onto the paper oF ater ointing oF qoee The paint is usually deported tm a much Reavicr yer than the ink inthe ofker ena processes Sik sexcening can be done on ved surfaces and surfaces ether than paper. Exa plo can be seen ll around you on sch objects as wood oF met Signs an lasso plastic bots aa abc. Thc thee major printing processes discus inthis tenon ‘am be ws ws teproduce any Bind of copy, whether line o ona Ech proces however, pradices 9 somewhat diferent eet on the printed page and cach has advantages and lmitsions. The Alecsion of thteh proce to use fa given scution¥ asa true bythe prdation department “The reproduction of art work isan intricate and involved ay which can ay be troy lemed tough experience. We Sousent that you build upon the foundation you will acquize fn this eon by visting pn shops and engraving houses in your trex Talk with the men who wil soeday be your coworkers. Yow will aly fd them exper to help anne who shows 3 respet for der craft and secksa beter understanding ott ms yy} Feros Ari Coos e: Studio production Line reproduction “The man who makes plates for leterpress printing is called & phowengraver, and hie plates a called photoengravingy or ew [ravingy The simples form of engraving i a ine plate, ar Tine ft, Hike che one ohown at he right. Line plates are usvally made of zinc and ave “blocked” —that ie attached to a hard trod base-—so that when looked fn 2 printing form, they will be exactly pe hight 0918 ofa inch, Line cus can be printed sion hppa cally aaa oem pp Sich a newsprint ‘Tine plate i made from art work compoved entely of lines and areas of slid cao (usually Black) ad white Te may con tain crontatching, suppling, dots, and solid lack areas. This eis sally done in pen or brveh ard ink. Line apy een con Sits of eepreciction proofs ofrype wit ruled or decorate boe- fers speverter type atts graphs, ec, Make sure tat work snhich Ito be reproduced in Tie contains no gray er tonal areas Your drawing shold be sharply lack and white "To make a lne plate, the engraver folloes the steps generally as eutlined on tie previous page. The negative he "shoots" is ‘uch lke the one you would sake with on ordinary camera Reniimber, this a negative; the areas in your drawing which svete originally black ave now elear inthis negative, an all of the white aan ane sled blsek. During the making of the plate, ‘eis he clear porsions ofthe negative which allo ight to pass {ough and hit the sensed micial. The exposed plate then foes throng several procees, ering im one or mone acid baths (thich “etch or ene aay the unexposed portions. When enough ites" have been taken to make the deign stnd out in cle reli any large blank areas are “routed out” ee cut aay Before blocking, the plate is proved and the proofs are given te the attat of production man for OK or comectons, While fore corrections ar changes can be rade imam engravers plate than in the other process, a strong cautionary word for proces et Make sire you begin with sorsect ar work, Says be the mos stilatory and least costly method of obtain fing the results you wat Halftone reproduction Anything dat the engraver cnet soot as Kine must be shot in halftone: A halfione engraving is usally made of copper and can be eo repadice virtually any toma subject —2 photograph, minting, or drawing "The steret of the hutfione processes te photographing the material trough 3 halfone screen —not unlike an ondinar trindow screen. The engravers seeen, however, consis of #0 ple of gos that ave ener with very Ste parallel fines. “The fbvo glass plate ace cemented togcer with the lines in one plate erossng the Lines fo the other at right angles. "The seen Ei plced in the engravers camera dieety in front of his im. Tight strikes the sreen fit when the exposure is made, and the seen breaks the tonal inage inte thousands of very sal dots the negative i, Except for sing a ere, the engraver gos ‘magi the anne procedire in making hulltove plate a he fdes in making a Hine plate. I face, the very small black dots fon the nid hallone engraving cea, in eet, a miniature ec as you ca ee ithe enlarged section ofthe balfione at the Lar right. You can alo vce dat where the drawing ws ight, black Uot on the corresponding section of the plate are smal Where copy wasdarh, shew dots are large Out ese Blends al these ots into toner which range frm white through gray to lack, ahaa da fo i a ie hn ew Feemiieasoe fig ent mdr fr berarnad a See aro lane on ue et tw fo Neto ree i ar ia Se i il ‘bu en ea ch tr elrgcant- oie ht he bole hs hn, 2 ed Ine 2

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