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Cow Protection
Means Good Ecological & Economic Sense
The National Commission on Cattle, presided over by Justice GM Lodha, re
cently submitted its recommendations to the Union Government. The report, in 4 v
olumes, calls for stringent laws to protect cow and its progeny in the interest
of India's rural economy.
As is only to be expected of people with Western mindset, a national dai
ly's correspondent has slammed the report and its recommendations in satirical t
erms. The tenor of the report, however, did not surprise me at all, since such w
esternised minds suffer from an inveterate habit of condemning all things associ
ated with India, Yoga or Ayurveda, till there is an approval from the West. Igno
rance is the mother of their arrogance and it leaves its imprint on the issue of
cow protection as well. They distort it either to make it appear as a contentio
us Hindu-Muslim issue, which it is not, or treat it solely as a matter of Hindu
sentiments.
Even Islamic scholars aver that Islam gives no compulsive directive for
killing of cow either for religious or mundane purposes. The British shrewdly fo
isted this issue. They were beefeaters and had no compunctions about killing cow
s to meet their taste. To their pleasant surprise, they found they could co-opt
the Muslims into that category and widen the latter's gulf with the Hindus. The
first War of Independence in 1857 erupted as a sepoy mutiny, when an Indian sect
ion of the British army refused to teeth cartridges supposedly made from cow/por
k fat. Its extreme manifestation was a Brahmin soldier Mangal Pandey, who shot d
ead Sergeant Wheeler, thus beginning the uprising prematurely.
Bahadur Shah 'Zafar', after regaining Delhi in 1857 for a brief interlud
e, made the killing of cow a capital offence. Bahadur Shah was not the first Mug
hal king to make such a proclamation. Babur may have been an ardent Ghazi of Isl
am, but he, in his letter dated 935 Hijri, advocated his son Humayun to stop cow
slaughter in India. As recorded in his famous firman of 1586, Akbar too complet
ely forbade cow slaughter throughout his empire. Then Emperor Jehangir promulgat
ed an order that on Sundays, when Akbar was born, and Thursdays, when Jehangir a
scended to the throne, no animal should be sacrificed. Even bigoted Aurangzeb al
ways refrained from making cow-sacrifice during Bakr-Id. We are also aware how i
n Maharaja Ranjit Singh's kingdom the only crime that had capital punishment was
cow slaughter.
Religious and cultural sentiments associated with cow are too well known
to bear repetition. But its economic and ecological aspects elude these second-
hand Western-minders. In an agrarian country like India, bovine population was c
onsidered an asset and an index of prosperity. While cows yielded milk, oxen til
led in the fields or drew carts. India's voice has been one of peaceful co-exist
ence with flora, fauna and rest of humankind. There was an inclination towards c
omplete vegetarianism as reflected in Jainism and Buddhism. Since these philosop
hies put their faith in transmigration of soul, they desisted from animal slaugh
ter since an animal was also a Buddha in the making. And cow was a mother-animal
by every conceivable standard for them.
Serene by temperament, herbivorous by diet, the very appearance of a whi
te cow evoked a sense of piety. Apart from milk, the excretion of cows too was n
ever allowed to go waste. Cow dung, also known for its anti-septic value, is sti
ll used as fuel in its dried form. It is used in compost manure and even in the
production of electricity through eco-friendly gobar-gas.
The Article 48 of the Constitution says: "The State shall endeavor or or
ganise agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines and shall
, in particular, take steps for preserving and improving the breeds, and prohibi
ting the slaughter of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle." In th
e 1950s, the Jana Sangh voiced the demand for cow protection as per Article 48 a
nd Mahatma Gandhi's declaration: "Cow protection is more important than even Swa
raj." A 1958 decision of 5-member bench of the Supreme Court upheld Article 48 a
s fully legitimate. One of the members who happened to be from Muslim community
called for making Article 48 mandatory since it was still liable to misuse.
Agricultural is still the mainstay of India's economy - cow breeding and
cow preservation are integral to it. 75 per cent of Indians live in villages an
d derive the greatest benefits from cows and bullocks. Despite the compulsions o
f modernism, tractors are not suitable for Indian land holdings unlike in the US
and the UK. In US the land available to each person is around 14 acre; in India
it is around 0.70 acre. A tractor consumes diesel, creates pollution, doesn't e
at grass nor produces dung for manure. So for Indian conditions ploughing is sti
ll ideal. Even Albert Einstein, in a letter to Sir CV Raman, wrote: "Tell the pe
ople of India, that if they want to survive and show the world path to survive,
then they should forget about tractor and preserve their ancient tradition of pl
oughing."
While India gets trapped in the fad of non-vegetarianism, there is move
towards vegetarianism in the West. There is a widespread belief that beef has hi
gh protein content and cannot be supplanted. A clinical dietician's chart will s
how that beef, with 22 per cent protein, ranks far below vegetable products like
soybean (43), groundnut (31), pulses (24). Moreover, excess intake of protein i
s not good, as it only contributes to obesity, a bane of modern civilisation. To
procure 1 kg of beef (or for that matter flesh) it takes 7 kg of crops and 7,00
0 kg of water. This contributes to water shortage in regions where beef is preva
lent.
Long back, scientist James Watson Scott had noted that if food shortages
were to be banished from populous countries, the food habits of the people shou
ld be altered to vegetarianism, which is fast catching up in Europe. Thus protec
tion of cow makes good economic and ecological sense.
Courtesy: The Pioneer, August 15, 2002
links:
http://hkrl.com
http://mothercow.org
http://iscowp.com
http://varnasrama.org [self-sufficient farms]
Non-violence leads to the highest ethics, which is the goal of all evolution. Un
til we stop harming all other living beings, we are still savages.
-Thomas Edison