RC Des. Project Final

TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1
Design information ..................................................................................................................... 2
ELEVATION OF OUR BUILDING .......................................................................................... 3
DESING OF THE SLAB 3 ......................................................................................................... 4
THE DESING OF THE FIRST AND SECOND SLAB .......................................................... 12
DETAILING REINFORCEMENT OF THE SLAB ............................................................ 18
5. DESING OF THE BEAM ........................................................................................................ 18
For the third storey .................................................................................................................... 18
1. DESIGN LOADS ON BEAM 4-4 ........................................................................................ 19
DESIGN OF COLUMN ............................................................................................................... 46
BRACED COLUMN I-2 ......................................................................................................... 46
THE LOADS ON THE TOP STOREY ................................................................................ 47
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE FOURTH STORY ..................................................... 47
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE THIRD STORY ........................................................ 48
BRACED COLUMN J-8 ......................................................................................................... 51
THE LOADS ON THE TOP STOREY ................................................................................ 51
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE FOURTH STOREY .................................................. 51
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE THIRD STOREY ...................................................... 52
10. DESIGN OF FOUNDATION................................................................................................. 55
BENDING REINFORCEMENT .......................................................................................... 55
FINAL CHECK ING OF SHEAR PUNCHING .................................................................. 56
CHECK ING FOR SHEAR STRESS AT THE CRITICAL SECTION .............................. 56
Details of the footing of our design ...................................................................................... 57
GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 1

INTRODUCTION
In our case study, we are interested in the broad understanding and design of a building in
reinforced concrete. In this study we are designing a 4 stories dancing building.
Our objectives in our calculations are:

 To know the weight of our structure.
 The design of our structure relating to its weight. (Safety of the structure against
collapsing and its serviceability)
 To ensure the stability and durability requirements.
Design information

 Fire resistance : 2hour for all elements;
 General loading conditions :
 Roof imposed and finishes: 5kN/m2 ;
 Reinforced concrete : 24kN/m3;
 Finishes: 1.0kN/m2;
 Walls in bricks: 19kN/m3;
 Foundation type: pad reinforced concrete footings to columns;
 fy= 460N/mm2 for main bars;
 fy=250N/mm2 for links;
 fcu =35KN /m2 for foundation.
 fcu =30KN/m2 for slab beam columns.
 Wind loading conditions : 20 m/s
All dimensions shown on drawings are in meters (m)
DESING OF THE SLAB
As our structure is multifunctional building the design of slabs will be made separately
according to the use of each storey. Our structure includes three storeys and each have it slab.
We will consider only panels that are unique meaning that similar panels are going to
represented by one panel and we will find the maximum bending moments Mx, Mx’, My et My’
according to the geometry of our slab we have the following panels
S1,S2,S3,S4,S5,S6,S7,S8………,S28
THE PLAN VIEW OF OUR BUILDING

ELEVATION OF OUR BUILDING
Slab 3
Slab 2
Slab 1

Let
h= depth of slab
d = effective depth of slab
Ø=diameter of the steel
C: cover
α = modification factor
Lx = small span
Ly = long span
Ly/lx ≥ 2 One way slab.
Ly/lx < 2 two ways slab.
Msx =the positive moment in the x direction
Msy= the positive moment in the y direction
Mx =the negative moment in the x direction to the support
My= the negative moment in the y direction to the support
βsx = moment coefficient for the positive moment at mid-span in the x direction
βsy = moment coefficient for the positive moment at mid-span in the x direction
β’sx = moment coefficient for the negative moment at mid-span in the x direction
β’xy = moment coefficient for the negative moment at mid-span in the x direction
α See table 3.10 of BS8110.
βsx, βsy, β’sx , β’sy are provided by BS8110.
DESING OF THE SLAB 3
Determination of load
Imposed load
The function of the story3 is hostels then according to the Code of practice BS8110 the imposed
load to the hostel is 3KN/m2
As our slab is divided into different sub-slabs denoted from S1 to S9
Starting from S1

As S1 has irregular shape we are going to consider the rectangular shape because we are sure
that we are safe
Then Lx = 3.7 and Ly =4.8 = 4.8 / 3.7 = 1.3
The table 3.14 provides Bending moment coefficients for rectangular panels supported on
four sides for each edge
βsx =0.051
βsy = 0.034
β’sx = 0.069
β’sy =0.045
Determination of design load n:
N=1.4*Gk+1.6Qk
Where Gk is total dead load

Qk is the imposed load
DEAD LOAD.
Let’s assume the depth of the slab in order to compute the self weight of the slab
h=200mm;
self weight of the slab =0.20m*24KN/m3 = 4.8KN/m2
Floor and ceiling load = 1.0KN/m2

The total dead load =(1.0+4.8)KN/m2 = 5.8KN/m2
IMPOSED LOAD
As provided by BS8110 code of practice for hostel the imposed load is to be 3KN/m2
Then the ultimate load n= (1.4*5.8+1.6*3)KN/m2=12.92KN/m2
The positive moment at mid span
Msx = βsx *n*Lx2

Msy= βsy *n*Lx2
The negative moment at the supports
Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2

My= β’sy *n* Lx2
For our slab
 Positive moment at mid-span

Msx = βsx *n*Lx2 Msx =0.051*12.92*(3.7)2= 9.02KN.m
Msy= βsy *n*Lx2 Msy =0.034 *12.92*(3.7)2=6.01KN.m
 The negative moment at the supports
Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2 Mx =0.069*12.92*(3.7)2=12.2KN.m

My= β’sy *n* Lx2 My =0.045*12.92*(3.7)2=7.95 KN.m
Referring on the calculations above, we will use the same procedures for all our panels spanning
in two directions of the whole slab. Their negative and positive moments are grouped in the
table below:
MOMENT CACULATED IN THE SLABS SPANNED IN TWO WAY

Lx
(m) Ly B'sy N Msx Msy Mx My
SLAB (m) Ly/Lx Bsx Bsy B'sx (KN/m2) (KN.m) (KN.m) (KN.m) (KN.m)
S3 3 4 1.333 0.039 0.028 0.052 0.037 12.92 4.53 3.26 6.05 4.30
S4 4 4.8 1.2 0.03 0.024 0.042 0.032 12.92 6.20 4.96 8.68 6.62
S5 4 4.8 1.2 0.036 0.028 0.048 0.037 12.92 7.44 5.79 9.92 7.65
S10 3.8 4.8 1.26 0.032 0.024 0.042 0.032 12.92 5.97 4.48 7.84 5.97
S11 2.7 4.2 1.555 0.04 0.024 0.053 0.032 12.92 3.77 2.26 4.99 3.01
S12 2.7 4.8 1.7777 0.044 0.028 0.072 0.032 12.92 4.14 2.64 6.78 3.01
S13 2.7 4 1.48 0.054 0.028 0.072 0.037 12.92 5.09 2.64 6.78 3.48
S14 2.7 4 1.48 0.058 0.034 0.077 0.045 12.92 5.46 3.20 7.25 4.24
S15 3.1 4.2 1.35 0.049 0.028 0.064 0.037 12.92 6.08 3.48 7.95 4.59
S16 3.1 4.9 1.58 0.057 0.028 0.075 0.037 12.92 7.08 3.48 9.31 4.59
S17 3.1 4 1.29 0.034 0.024 0.045 0.032 12.92 4.22 2.98 5.59 3.97
S18 3.1 4 1.29 0.034 0.024 0.045 0.032 12.92 4.22 2.98 5.59 3.97
S20 4 4 1 0.029 0.028 0.039 0.037 12.92 5.99 5.79 8.06 7.65
S21 4 4 1 0.024 0.024 0.031 0.032 12.92 4.96 4.96 6.41 6.62
S22 4 5 1.25 0.037 0.028 0.05 0.037 12.92 7.65 5.79 10.34 7.65
S23 2 4 2 0.048 0.024 0.063 0.032 12.92 2.48 1.24 3.26 1.65
S24 2 4 2 0.048 0.024 0.063 0.032 12.92 2.48 1.24 3.26 1.65
S26 4 4 1 0.036 0.034 0.047 0.045 12.92 7.44 7.03 9.72 9.30
S27 4 4 1 0.029 0.028 0.039 0.037 12.92 5.99 5.79 8.06 7.65
For the panel S2

Lx=1.5m, Ly=4m and Lx/ Ly=4/1.5=2.66 >2
As the ratio Ly/ Lx>2 the panel S2 spans in a one way thus it is a one way slab
The maximum moment is found in the midspan and it is given by
nl 2 12.92 *1.52
Mx= = =3.63KN.m and the negative moment is approximately equal to zero
8 8
thus it is neglected

For the panel S6
Lx=1m, Ly=2.8m and Lx/ Ly=2.8/1=2.8 >2
As the ratio Ly/ Lx>2 the panel S2 spans in a one way thus it is a one way slab
The maximum moment is found in the midspan and it is given by
nl 2 12.92 *12
Msx= = =1.6KN.m and the moment in the y direction is approximately equal to
8 8
zero thus it is neglected
The negative moment to the support:
nl 2 x 12.92 *1.5 2
M=   2.42 KN .m
12 12
For the panel S7, S8, S9 and S10

These panels are considered to be the continuous one way slab, then they are designed by
referring to the process of design of continuous one way slab
Here below is the view of the panels S7, S8 and S9
Using linPro software, we compute the bending moment and shear forces for the previous pan
For the pannels S19, S25 and S28 the moments to the mid-span and supports are simply
calculated using the next folmulae:

nl 2 x
 To the supports: Mx=
12
nl 2 x
 To the mid-spans: M sx=
24
12.92 *1.82
For the panel S19: Mx= =3.48KN.m
12
12.92 *1.8 2
Msx= =1.74KN.m
24
12.92 * 2 2
For the panel S25: Mx=  4.30 KN.m
12
12.92 * 2 2
Msx=  2.15 KN.m
24
12.92 *1.5 2
12
12.92 *1.5 2
Msx=  1.21 KN.m
24
From the results above the table below was prepared:
N0 Panel Mid-Span moment (Msx) Support moment (Mx)

KN.m KN.m
1 S7 1.71 -3.40
2 S8 4.15 -6.12
3 S9 1.33 -5.76
4 S19 1.74 -3.48
5 S25 2.15 -4.30
6 S28 1.21 -2.42
From the results above,

The greatest moments are:
M sx =7.44 kNm (span, direction x)

M sy = 7.03kNm (on the span, direction y)
Mx= 10.34kNm (on the support, direction x)
My =9.30 kNm (on the support, direction y)
1. Reinforcement for smaller span (in Lx)

As assumed previously;
h=200mm
d = h – c - Ø/2
Let c=25mm, and Ø=10mm
Mx=7.44 kNm (span, direction x)
d= (200-25-(10/2)) mm=170mm
The effective width b = 1000mm

M sx 7.44 *10 6
K   0.0085  K '  0.156
f cu bd 2 30 *1000 *170 2
No compression reinforcement required.
 k   0.0085 
The lever arm for our slab is given by: Z  d 0.5  0.25    1700.5  0.25  
 0.9   0.9 
≈168mm
M sx 7.44 *106
The area of tension reinforcement is given by: As    110mm2 / m
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *168
100 As
Conditions: the range of reinforcement 0.13  4
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100
As Asrequired < Asmin let’s provide As = 262mm2/m
Provide T10@300 thus Asprovided=262mm2/m
100 As 100 * 262

  0.131  0.13
bh 1000 * 200
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm 2
100 100
Verification for deflection

From lecturer notes, the minimum effective depth=
For the continuous slab the basic ratio is 26 as it is in our case (panel S5)
And from the table 6.7 from the lecturer notes, the modification factor for
M 7.44 *106
  0.25
bd 2 1000 *1702
using extrapolation we find that modification factor is 1.86
4000
then the minimum effective depth is:  82.7 mm
1.86 * 26
as d=170mm >dmin=82.7mm the chosen effective depth is adequate.
2. Reinforcement on span in direction (Ly) (bottom)
h=200mm
d’ =( h – c – Ø)- Ø/2
Msy =7.03 kNm (span, direction y)
d’={ (200-25-10)-10/2}mm=160mm
Msy 7.03 *10 6
K   0.0091  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *160 2

 k   0.0091 
 0.9   0.9 
≈158mm
M sx 7.03 *10 6
The area of tension reinforcement is given by: As    111mm 2 / m
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *158
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100

M 7.03 *10 6
  0.27
bd 2 1000 *160 2
4800
then the minimum effective depth is:  100.3mm
1.84 * 26
3.The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Lx (Top)

h=200mm
d = ( h – c – Ø/2)= (200-25-10/2)mm=170mm
Mx 10.34 *10 6
K   0.011  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *170 2
 k   0.011 
 0.9   0.9 
≈167mm
Mx 10.34 *10 6
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *167
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100
Provide T10@300 thus Asprovided =262mm2/m

M 10.34 *10 6
  0.35
bd 2 1000 *170 2
4000
1.78 * 26
4. The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Ly (Top)

d’ =( h – c – Ø)- Ø/2= (200-25-10) -10/2=mm=160mm
My 9.30 *10 6
K   0.012  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *160 2
 k   0.012 
The lever arm for our slab is given by: Z  d ' 0.5  0.25    1600.5  0.25  
 0.9   0.9 
≈157mm
Mx 9.30 *10 6
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *157
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100

M 9.30 *10 6
  0.36
bd 2 1000 *160 2
4000
1.78 * 26

THE DESING OF THE FIRST AND SECOND SLAB (slab 1 & 2)
As our structure is multifunction, each slab will carry its loads so the design of the slab2. The
second storey hold the min market, the imposed load provided by BS8110 is 5KN/m2
DEAD LOAD.
The total dead load is the same as the slab 3 Gk= 5.8KN/m2
IMPOSED LOAD
As provided by BS8110 code of practice for commercial building the imposed load is to be
5KN/m2
Then the ultimate load n= (1.4*5.8+1.6*5)KN/m2=16.12KN/m2
 The positive moment at mid span
Msx = βsx *n*Lx2 Msx =0.051*16.12*(3.7)2= 11.25KN.m

Msy= βsy *n*Lx2 Msy =0.034 *16.12*(3.7)2=7.50KN.m
 The negative moment at the supports
Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2 Mx =0.069*16.12*(3.7)2=12.22KN.m

My= β’sy *n* Lx2 My =0.045*16.12*(3.7)2=9.93 KN.m
Referring on the calculations above, we will use the same procedures for all our panels spanning
in two directions of the whole slab. Their negative and positive moments are grouped in the next
table:
MOMENT CACULATED IN THE SLABS SPANNED IN TWO WAY

SLAB Lx Ly Ly/Lx Bsx Bsy B'sx B'sy n(KN/m2) Msx Msy Mx My
S3 3 4 1.333 0.039 0.028 0.052 0.037 16.12 5.66 4.06 7.54 5.37
S4 4 4.8 1.2 0.03 0.024 0.042 0.032 16.12 7.74 6.19 10.83 8.25
S5 4 4.8 1.2 0.036 0.028 0.048 0.037 16.12 9.29 7.22 12.38 9.54
S10 3.8 4.8 1.26 0.032 0.024 0.042 0.032 16.12 7.45 5.59 9.78 7.45
S11 2.7 4.2 1.555 0.04 0.024 0.053 0.032 16.12 4.70 2.82 6.23 3.76
S12 2.7 4.8 1.7777 0.044 0.028 0.072 0.032 16.12 5.17 3.29 8.46 3.76
S13 2.7 4 1.48 0.054 0.028 0.072 0.037 16.12 6.35 3.29 8.46 4.35
S14 2.7 4 1.48 0.058 0.034 0.077 0.045 16.12 6.82 4.00 9.05 5.29
S15 3.1 4.2 1.35 0.049 0.028 0.064 0.037 16.12 7.59 4.34 9.91 5.73
S16 3.1 4.9 1.58 0.057 0.028 0.075 0.037 16.12 8.83 4.34 11.62 5.73
S17 3.1 4 1.29 0.034 0.024 0.045 0.032 16.12 5.27 3.72 6.97 4.96
S18 3.1 4 1.29 0.034 0.024 0.045 0.032 16.12 5.27 3.72 6.97 4.96
S20 4 4 1 0.029 0.028 0.039 0.037 16.12 7.48 7.22 10.06 9.54
S21 4 4 1 0.024 0.024 0.031 0.032 16.12 6.19 6.19 8.00 8.25

S22 4 5 1.25 0.037 0.028 0.05 0.037 16.12 9.54 7.22 12.90 9.54
S23 2 4 2 0.048 0.024 0.063 0.032 16.12 3.10 1.55 4.06 2.06
S24 2 4 2 0.048 0.024 0.063 0.032 16.12 3.10 1.55 4.06 2.06
S26 4 4 1 0.036 0.034 0.047 0.045 16.12 9.29 8.77 12.12 11.61
S27 4 4 1 0.029 0.028 0.039 0.037 16.12 7.48 7.22 10.06 9.54
For the panel S2

Lx=1.5m, Ly=4m and Lx/ Ly=4/1.5=2.66 >2
As the ratio Lx/ Ly>2 the panel S2 spans in a one way thus it is a one way slab
The maximum moment is foud in the midspan and it is given by
nl 2 16.12 *1.5 2
Mx= = =4.53KN.m and the negative moment is approximately equal to zero
8 8
thus it is neglected
For the panel S6

Lx=1m, Ly=2.8m and Lx/ Ly=2.8/1=2.8 >2
As the ratio Lx/ Ly>2 the panel S2 spans in a one way thus it is a one way slab
The maximum moment is foud in the midspan and it is given by
nl 2 16.12 *12
Msx= = =2.01KN.m and the moment in the y direction is approximately equal to
8 8
zero thus it is neglected
The negative moment to the support:
nl 2 x 16.12 *1.5 2
M=   3.02 KN .m
12 12
For the panel S7, S8, S9 and S10

These panels are considered to be the continuous one way slab, then they are designed byy
referring to the process of design of continuous one way slab
Here below is the view of the panels S7, S8 and S9

Using linPro software, we compute the bending moment and shear forces for the previous pan
For the pannels S19, S25 and S28 the moments to the mid-span and supports are simply
calculated using the next folmulae:
nl 2 x
 To the supports: Mx=
12
nl 2 x
 To the mid-spans: M sx=
24
16.12 *1.8 2
For the panel S19: Mx= =4.35KN.m
12
16.12 *1.8 2
Msx= =2.17KN.m
24
16.12 * 2 2
12
16.12 * 2 2
Msx=  2.68 KN.m
24
16.12 *1.5 2
12
16.12 *1.5 2
Msx=  1.51 KN.m
24
From the results above the table below was prepared:
N0 Panel Mid-Span moment (Msx) Support moment (Mx)

KN.m KN.m
1 S7 2.14 -4.24
2 S8 5.18 -7.64
3 S9 1.65 -7.18
4 S19 2.17 -4.35
5 S25 2.68 -5.37
6 S28 1.51 -3.02
From the results above,

The greatest moments are:
M sx =9.54 kNm (span, direction x)

M sy = 8.77kNm (on the span, direction y)
2. Reinforcement for smaller span (in Lx)

h=200mm
d = h – c - Ø/2
Msx=9.54 kNm (span, direction x)
d= (200-25-(10/2)) mm=170mm
M sx 9.54 *10 6
K   0.011  K '  0.156
f cu bd 2 30 *1000 *170 2
 k   0.011 
 0.9   0.9 
≈167mm
The area of tension reinforcement is given by:
M sx 9.54 *10 6
As    142.7mm2 / m
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *167
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100
Provide T10@300 thus Asprovided=262mm2/m
100 As 100 * 262

  0.131  0.13
bh 1000 * 200
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm 2
100 100

M 9.54 *10 6
  0.33
bd 2 1000 *170 2
4000
then the minimum effective depth is:  85.47 mm
1.86 * 26

2. Reinforcement on span in direction (Ly) (bottom)
h=200mm
d’ =( h – c – Ø)- Ø/2
Msy =8.77kNm kNm (span, direction y)
d’={ (200-25-10)-10/2} mm=160mm
Msy 8.77kNm *10 6
K   0.011  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *160 2
 k   0.011 
 0.9   0.9 
≈158mm
M sx 8.77kNm *10 6
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *158
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100
provide T8@175mm

M 8.77kNm *10 6
  0.34
bd 2 1000 *160 2
4800
then the minimum effective depth is:  102.mm
1.80 * 26
as d=160mm >dmin=102 mm the chosen effective depth is adequate.
3.The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Lx (Top)

h=200mm
d = ( h – c – Ø/2)= (200-25-10/2)mm=170mm
Mx 12.90 *10 6
K   0.014  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *170 2

 k   0.014 
 0.9   0.9 
≈167mm
Mx 12.90 *10 6
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *167
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100

M 12.90 *10 6
  0.44
bd 2 1000 *170 2
4000
1.72 * 26
4. The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Ly (Top)

d’ =( h – c – Ø)- Ø/2= (200-25-10) -10/2=mm=160mm
My 11.61 *10 6
K   0.0151  K '  0.156
f cu bd '2 30 *1000 *160 2
 k   0.0151 
The lever arm for our slab is given by: Z  d ' 0.5  0.25    1600.5  0.25  
 0.9   0.9 
≈157mm
Mx 11.61 *10 6
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 *157
100 As
bh
0.13bh 0.13 *1000 * 200
As min    260mm2
100 100

M 11.61 *10 6
  0.45
bd 2 1000 *160 2
Using extrapolation we find that modification factor is 1.71
4000
Then the minimum effective depth is:  90mm
1.71 * 26
As d=160mm >dmin=90mm the chosen effective depth is adequate.
DETAILING REINFORCEMENT OF THE SLAB
5. DESING OF THE BEAM
For the third storey
In our case study, the beam design was carried out by using the beam with maximum moment in
each direction and shear respectively .these are the beams 4-4 and I-I
For determining the design loads for that beam we use linpro. These beams are shown on the
figure below

1. DESIGN LOADS ON BEAM 4-4
The loaded areas are respectively A1=7.867m2, A2= 9.859m2, A3=7.022m2, A4=7.652m2
Let h=200mm is the thickness of the slab carried by the considered beam, h’=0.4m the height of
the beam, b=0.2m the breadth of the beam.
b=2.7m is the height of the wall over the beam and t=0.2m the thickness of the wall and the
finishes of the wall=0.04m. The total thickness of the wall is 0.24m
Ai is the influence area of the slab over the ith span of the beam.
a.THE FIRST SPAN

A1=7.867m2
The self-weight for the slab over that beam is:

W1=24KN/m3*7.867m2*0.2m/4.2m=8.99kN/m
The self-weight for the wall carried by the beam:

W2=19KN/m2*4.2m*0.24m*2.7m/4.2m=12.31KN/m
The self-weight of beam is:

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m
The total characteristic dead load for A2

Gk=8.99kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.22kN/m
The characteristic imposed load is:

3KN/m2 (CASE OF HOSTELS)
Therefore the imposed load is Qk=Qk*A/L=3KN/m2*7.687m2/4.2=5.49kN/m

.
The total design load for the beam under the first span is
Wt=1.4Gk +1.6Qk=1.4*23.22kN/m +1.6*5.49kN/m =41.30kN/m
B.THE SECOND SPAN

A2=9.859m2
.The self-weight for the slab over that beam is:
W1=24KN/m3*9.859m2*0.2m/4.9m=9.66kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4.9m*0.24m*2.7m/4.9m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=9.66kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.89kN/m
The imposed load is Qk=Qk*A/L=3KN/m2*9.859m2/4m=7.40kN/m

.
Wt=1.4Gk +1.6Qk=1.4*23.89kN/m +1.6*7.40kN/m = 45.28kN/m
C.THE THIRD SPAN

A3=7.022m2
W1=24KN/m3*7.022m2*0.2m/4m=8.42kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=8.42kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=22.65kN/m

.

D.THE FOURTH SPAN

A4=7.652m2
W1=24KN/m3*7.652m2*0.2m/4m=9.18kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=9.18kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.41kN/m

.
The loads on the chosen beam are grouped in the table below
No SPAN Maximum load (KN/m) Minimum load (KN/m)
1 1st 41.30 23.22
nd
2 2 45.28 23.89
3 3rd 43.09 22.65
th
4 4 41.94 23.41
STATIC FIGURE OF BEAM (BODY DIAGRAM)

We will consider the following arrangements of vertical load:
a) We firstly load the spans with the maximum design ultimate load (1.4Gk + 1.6 Qk)
b) Secondly we load Alternate span with the maximum design ultimate load (1.4Gk + 1.6 Qk)
and all other spans loaded with the minimum designed ultimate load (1.0 Gk)
The following are figures corresponding to these two cases:
1st case
2nd case

3rd case
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAMS

First case.
Second case
Third case.

SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAMS
First case
Second case
Third case
From the results above, for different cases, the maximum moment are grouped in the next table:
location Moments (KN.m) Maximum moment (KN.m)
Mid-span 60.25 64.80 35.22 64.80
At support -95.79 -72.13 -67.00 -95.79

DETERMINATION OF REINFORCEMENT.
For the mid-span
M=64.80KNm
bf = bw + 0.7*(L1+L2)/10 = 0.2+ 0.7*5.8/10 = 0.606m
Effective depth let d = (600-25-16/2) mm=567mm
Checking for the position of neutral axis:
M f =0.45*f cu *b f *h f *(d-h f /2) =0.45*30*606*200*(567-200/2) = 764.10KNm

→M<Mf
M 64.80 *10 6
K   0.011 <K’=0.156
f cu b f d 2 30 * 606 * 567 2
No compression steel is required
 k   0.011 
Lever arm Z  d 0.5  0.25    567 0.5  0.25    560.00mm
 0.9   0.9 
d-z =(567-560)mm=7mm
d-z<hf/2 the stress block is located within the flange depth and the design proceed for as a
rectangular section with breadth bf
M 64.80 *106
As    290mm2
0.87 f y * z 0.87 * 460 * 560
0.13b f h
0.13 * 606 * 600
Minimum area of tension steel is given by: As min    472.68mm2
100 100
provide 2T16 and 1T10 Asprovided=(402+78.5)mm2=480.5mm2
The full structure of our beam is shown in the next figure

For the support
M=95.79KN.m
M 95.79 *106
K   0.049  K '  0.156
f cu bd 30 * 200 * 567 2
No compression steel required
 k   0.049 
Lever arm is given by: Z  d 0.5  0.25    567 0.5  0.25    534.23mm
 0.9   0.9 
6
M 95.79 *10
As    448.03mm2 .
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 * 534.23
Provide 2T16+1T10=(402+78.5)mm2=480.5mm2
Design for shear
The results from linpro give the maximum shear forces which are grouped in the next table:
location Shear forces (KN) Maximum shear forces (KN)
Mid-span 0 0 0 0 0
At support -115.76 102.90 -114.60 -114.60 -115.76
Check for maximum allowable shear stress

The main shear reinforcement is required at distance d from the support

Let Vs= shear face to the support, F=the shear force just under the column.
And 200mmx350mm the dimensions of the cross section of the column
Vs=F-W*0.35/2=115.76-45.28*0.35/2=107.8KN

Let Vs= shear force to the support, Vm the shear force to the span and b=400mm is the width of
the column.
Vs 107.80 *103
v   0.95 N / mm2  0.8 f cu  5 N / mm2
bd 200 * 567
Shear reinforcement design

At the distance d from the support:
vd  vs  wd  107.80  45.28 * 0.567  82.12 KN
Vd 82.12 *10 3
v   0.72 N / mm2
bd 200 * 567
100 As 100 * 480.5

  0.42
bd 200 * 567
100 As
From the table 5.1 (provided by BS8110) for =0.42, using interpolation,
bd
Vc = 0.494N/mm2
Calculation of the spacing of shear reinforcements:
Asv bv  vc  2000.95  0.486
   0.42 Provide T8@250mm
S v 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250
Asv 3.14 *16 * 2

  0.42
Sv 250
Design for the nominal links:
Asv 0.4b 0.4 * 200 A

   0.366 . From BS8110 for sv =0.366, provide T8@270
S v 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250 Sv
Asv 3.14 *16 * 2
  0..372
Sv 270
Determination of the distance required for the nominal links:
A 
vn   sv 0.87 f yv  bvc d  0.372 * 0.87 * 250  0.2 * 0.486 * 0.567  45.93KN
 Sv 
vd  vn 82.12  45.93
s d   0.567  1.37m
w 45.28

As we did on the design of the slab, our building being multipurpose one for designing the beam
of the first and the second story we simly modify the live load and follow the same procedures as
we did for the design of the previous beam.
In the case of the commercial building the live load provided by BS8110 is Qk=5KN/m2.
SUMMARY OF THE DESIGNED BEAM WITH ALL DETAILS FOR BEAM 4-4
A. 2. DESIGN LOADS ON BEAM I-I

the beam, b=0.2m the breadth of the beam. Ai is the influence area of the slab over the ith span of
the beam. b=2.7m is the height of the wall over the beam and t=0.2m the thickness of the wall
and the finishes of the wall=0.04m. The total thickness of the wall is 0.24m(as assumed for the
design of the beam 4-4)
a. THE FIRST SPAN

A1=6.851m2

W1=24KN/m3*6.851m2*0.2m/3.7m=8.88kN/m

W2=19KN/m2*3.7m*0.24m*2.7m/3.7m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=8.88kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.11kN/m

3KN/m2 (CASE OF HOSTELS)

.
B.THE SECOND SPAN

A2=8.261m2
W1=24KN/m3*8.261m2*0.2m/4m=9.91kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=9.91kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.14kN/m

.
C.THE THIRD SPAN

A3=3.596m2
W1=24KN/m3*3.596m2*0.2m/4m=4.31kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=4.31kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=18.54kN/m

.
D.THE FOURTH SPAN

A4=4.660m2
W1=24KN/m3*4.660m2*0.2m/3.1m=7.21kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*3.1m*0.24m*2.7m/3.1m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=7.21kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=21.44kN/m
The imposed load is Qk=Qk*A/L=3KN/m2*4.660m2/3.1m=4.5kN/m

.
st
1 1 41.23 23.11
nd
2 2 42.3 23.14
3 3rd 30.26 18.54
th
4 4 37.21 21.44


1st case
2nd case
3rd case

First case.

Second case
Third case.
First case
Second case

Third case
Mid-span 41.36 47.87 38.14 47.87
At support -65.93 -49.66 -52.44 -65.93
For the mid-span
M=47.87KNm
bf = bw + 0.7*(L1+L2)/10 = 0.2+ 0.7*9.1/10 = 0.83m
830

→M<Mf
M 47.87 * 10 6
K   0.006 <K’=0.156
f cu b f d 2 30 * 830 * 567 2

 k   0.006 
Lever arm Z  d 0.5  0.25    567 0.5  0.25    562.76mm
 0.9   0.9 
d-z = (567-560) mm=7mm
d-z< hf/2 the stress block is located within the flange depth and the design proceed for as a
M 47.87 * 10 6
As    212.55mm 2
0.87 f y * z 0.87 * 460 * 562.76
0.13b f h 0.13 * 830 * 600
Minimum area of tension steel is given by: As min    647.40mm 2
100 100
provide 2T16 and 1T10 Asprovided=(402+78.5)mm =480.5mm2 2
For the support

M=95.79KN.m
M 95.79 *106
K   0.049  K '  0.156
f cu bd 30 * 200 * 567 2

 k   0.049 
 0.9   0.9 
M 95.79 *106
As    448.03mm2 .
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 * 534.23
0.13b f h
0.13 * 830 * 600
As min    647.40mm2
100 100
Provide 4T16=804mm2
Design for shear

Mid-span 0 0 0 0 0
At support -115.76 102.90 -114.60 -114.60 -115.76

Vs=F-W*0.30/2=115.76-45.28*0.30/2=109KN

the column.
Vs 109 *10 3
v   0.96 N / mm 2  0.8 f cu  0.8 30  4.38 N / mm 2
bd 200 * 567
a. At the distance d from the outer supports

vd  vs  wd  109  45.28 * 0.567  83.32 KN
Vd 82.32 *10 3
v   0.73N / mm 2
bd 200 * 567
100 As 100 * 480.5

  0.42
bd 200 * 567
100 As
bd
Vc = 0.494N/mm2
Asv bv  vc  2000.95  0.486
   0.42 Provide T8@250mm
S v 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250

Asv 3.14 * 16 * 2
  0.42
Sv 250
b. At the distance d from the internal supports

100 As 100 * 804
  0.70
bd 200 * 567
100 As
bd
Vc = 0.594N/mm2
Asv bv  vc  2000.95  0.594
   0.327 Provide T8@280mm
Sv 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250
Asv 3.14 *16 * 2
  0.358 The chosen stirrups are adequate
Sv 280
Asv 0.4b 0.4 * 200 A

S v 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250 Sv
Asv 3.14 *16 * 2
  0..372
Sv 270
A 
vn   sv 0.87 f yv  bvc d  0.372 * 0.87 * 250  0.2 * 0.486 * 0.567  45.93KN
 Sv 
Shear reinforcement other than the nominal is required over a distance:
v  vn 82.12  45.93
s d d   0.567  1.37m
w 45.28
From the face of the support
As we did on the design of the slab, our building being multipurpose one, for designing the beam
of the first and the second story we simly modify the live load and follow the same procedures as
we did for the design of the previous beam.
B) For the first and second storey
B. 1. DESIGN LOADS ON BEAM 4-4

the beam, b=0.2m the breadth of the beam.

b=2.7m is the height of the wall over the beam and t=0.2m the thickness of the wall and the
finishes of the wall=0.04m. The total thickness of the wall is 0.24m
Ai is the influence area of the slab over the ith span of the beam.
THE FIRST SPAN

A1=7.867m2

W1=24KN/m3*7.867m2*0.2m/4.2m=8.99kN/m

W2=19KN/m2*4.2m*0.24m*2.7m/4.2m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=8.99kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.22kN/m

5KN/m2 (CASE OF COMMERCIAL BUILDING)

.
b.THE SECOND SPAN

A2=9.859m2
W1=24KN/m3*9.859m2*0.2m/4.9m=9.66kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4.9m*0.24m*2.7m/4.9m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=9.66kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.89kN/m

.
Wt=1.4Gk +1.6Qk=1.4*23.89kN/m +1.6*12.32kN/m = 53.164KN/m
THE THIRD SPAN

A3=7.022m2

W1=24KN/m3*7.022m2*0.2m/4m=8.42kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=8.42kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=22.65kN/m

.
THE FOURTH SPAN

A4=7.652m2
W1=24KN/m3*7.652m2*0.2m/4m=9.18kN/m

W2=19KN/m3*4m*0.24m*2.7m/4m=12.31KN/m

W3=24kN/m3*0.2m*0.4m=1.92KN/m

Gk=9.18kN/m +12.31KN/m +1.92kN/m=23.41kN/m

.
st
1 1 47.148 23.22
2 2nd 53.164 23.89
rd
3 3 47.49 22.65
4 4th 48.08 23.41


1st case
2nd case
3rd case

First case.
Second case
Third case.

First case
Second case
Third case

Mid-span 62.39 70.41 78.67 78.67
At support -111.55 -73.47 -90.31 -111.55
For the mid-span
M=78.67KNm
bf = bw + 0.7*(L1+L2)/10 = 0.2+ 0.7*5.8/10 = 0.606m

→M<Mf
M 78.67 * 10 6
K   0.013 <K’=0.156
f cu b f d 2 30 * 606 * 567 2
 k   0.013 
Lever arm Z  d 0.5  0.25    567 0.5  0.25    558mm
 0.9   0.9 
d-z =(567-558)mm=9mm
d-z<hf/2 the stress block is located within the flange depth and the design proceed for as a
M 78.67 *10 6
As    352mm 2
0.87 f y * z 0.87 * 460 * 558
0.13b f h 0.13 * 606 * 600
100 100
Provide 2T16 and 1T10 Asprovided=(402+78.5)mm =480.5mm2
2

For the support

M=111.55KN.m
M 111.55 *10 6
K   0.060  K '  0.156
f cu bd 30 * 200 * 567 2
 k   0.060 
 0.9   0.9 
M 111.55 * 10 6
As    530mm 2 .
0.87 f y * Z 0.87 * 460 * 526.27
0.13b f h 0.13 * 606 * 600

100 100
Provide 3T16=603mm2

Design for shear
Mid-span 0 0 0 0
At support -136.07 116.5 -134.10 -136.07

Vs=F-W*0.35/2=136.07-47.15*0.30/2=129KN

the column.
Vs 129 *10 3
v   01.13N / mm 2  0.8 f cu  5 N / mm 2  0.8 30  4.38
bd 200 * 567

vd  vs  wd  129  47.15 * 0.567  102.26 KN
Vd 102.26 *10 3
v   0..90 N / mm 2
bd 200 * 567
1. For the mid-span

100 As 100 * 480.5
  0.42
bd 200 * 567
100 As
bd
Vc = 0.494N/mm2
Asv bv  vc  2000.90  0.494
   0.37 Provide T8@275mm
Sv 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250
Asv 3.14 * 16 * 2
  0.36
Sv 275
2. For the support

100 As 100 * 603
  0.53
bd 200 * 567
100 As
bd
Vc = 0.5396N/mm2
Asv bv  vc  2000.90  0.5396
   0.331 Provide T8@300mm
Sv 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250
Asv 3.14 * 16 * 2
  0.334
Sv 300
Asv 0.4b 0.4 * 200 A

S v 0.87 f yv 0.87 * 250 Sv
Asv 3.14 * 16 * 2
  0.372
Sv 270
A 
vn   sv 0.87 f yv  bvc d  0.372 * 0.87 * 250  0.2 * 0.494 * 0.567  45.93KN
 Sv 
vd  vn 82.12  45.93
s d   0.567  1.37m
w 45.28

SUMMARY OF THE DESIGNED BEAM WITH ALL DETAILS FOR BEAM I-I
As we did on the design of the slab, our building being multipurpose one for designing the beam
of the first and the second story we simply modify the live load and follow the same procedures
as we did for the design of the previous beam.
5. 1. DESIGN LOADS ON BEAM I-I

The design of this beam is simply done by applying the same procedures as for the previous
beam. There is no change in reinforcement.
6. DESIGN OF THE STAIR SLAB

In stairs design, the dead load is calculated along the slope length of the stairs while the live load
is calculated along the plan area.
The effective span (L) is measured horizontally between the canters of the supports and the
thickness of the waist (h) is taken as slab thickness.
Span effective depth ratio may be increased by 15% provided that the flight occupies at least
60% of the span.

Stairs dimensions
Effective span: 2.6m

Rise: 1.5m
Riser: 0.17m
Tread: 0.2m
Number of step: 9
Stairs width 80cm
Our stair has two part and a landing between them
Let consider a 1m width stair
Let try 150mm thick waist and the effective depth d=110m
The Slope length of the stairs is then 2.62  1.52  3m
Let W1 and W2 be the weight of the waist and the steps respectively;
W1  24 * 3 * 0.15 *1K  10.8KN
1
W2  24 * * 0.17 * 0.2 * 9 *1  3.672 KN
2
Total dead load = (10.8+3.672) KN=14.5KN
Total live load =3*2.6=7.8 KN
Ultimate load= 1.4Gk+1.6Qk=1.4*14.5+1.6*7.8=32.78KN
FL 32.78 * 2.6
M   10.6535KNm
8 8
M 10.65 *106
K   0.03  0.156
f cu bd 2 30 *1000 *1102
M
As  0.156, There is no compression steel required
f cu bd 2
For simply supported stairs
Basic ratio factor= 20
M 10.65 *106
  0.88 from table 6.7 ad using linear interpolation, the modification
bd 2 1000 *1102
factor=1.9792
flight 3
  78% ; the flight occupies more than 60% of the span. Thus;
span 3.8
span
Limiting =20*1.15*1.9792=45.5216
effectived epth
span 2600
Actual =  23.5216
effectived epth 110
The chosen effective depth is adequate!
 k   0.03 
Z  d 0.5  0.25    1100.5  0.25    106
 0.9   0.9 
6
M 10.65 *10
As    462mm2
0.87 f y Z 0.87 * 250 *106
0.24bh 0.24 *100 *150
As min    360mm2
100 100

Provide R8@100mm = 503mm2
0.24bh 0.24 *1000 *150
Transverse distribution steel=   360mm2
100 100
Provide R8@125=402mm2/m
Continuity bars at the top and bottom of the span should be reasonable, while satisfy maximum
spacing.
DESIGN OF COLUMN
BRACED COLUMN I-2
In our building the most loaded column is the column I-2

Let the dimension of the column be 300mm x 200mm
200mm
300mm
Characteristics of the column for interior.
Effective height of column le=βlo where le is the effective height
Lo=clear height,
β=value are found in the code of practice depending on column end conditions we will consider β to
0.75 for our case
lox= (2.7+0.4) m=3.1m and loy=2.7m, b=200m, h=300m
Check for Shortness and Slenderness Columns:
l l ey
A column is classified as short if both ex and are:
h h
Less than 15 for a braced column

Less than 10 for an unbraced column
The column I-2 is braced column.
l ex 0.75 * 3100 l ey 0.75 * 2700

  7.75and   1.0125 <15
h 300 h 200
Therefore the column is short
Because our column is braced it will not be subjected to the lateral loadings
Lo =clear height=2.7m
1.85m
2m
2.4m 2.4m
THE LOAD ON OUR COLUMN

THE DEAD LOAD
THE LOADS ON THE TOP STOREY
The surface area of roof S =3.85m*4.8m=18.48m2
Inclination α = 30°,
The area of the roof 18.48/cos 30 = 21.33m2
Imposed load on roof = 0.75kN/m2 * 21.33m2/3.85m =4.16 kN/m
Roof self weight=0.5KN/m2*21.33m2/3.85m=2.77KN/m
Truss self weight=0.5KN/m2*18.48m2/3.85m=2.40KN/m
Ceiling=0.25KN/m2*18.48m2/3.85m=1.2KN/m
Self weight of beam=(0.4*0.4*24*0.2+0.2*0.4*24*4.8/3.8)=4.34KN/m
Gk for roof= (2.77+2.40+1.2+4.34)=10.71KN/m
Qk=1.5*21.33/3.85)=8.31KN/m
Ultimate load on the roof: 1.4Gk+1.6Qk= (1.6*8.31+1.4*10.71)=28.29KN/m
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE FOURTH STORY (4th sterey U.S)
Let consider the critical loading on the roof as shown on the next figure:

Calculations of the Fixed end moment for beam
Let M1 and M2 be the fixed end moments of the beams to the left and the right of the column
respectively; N is the normal (axial load) on the column to be designed.
N= (28.29*2+10.71*3.7/2)KN=76.40KN
ql 2 28.29 * 4 2
M1    37.72 KNm
12 12
ql 2 10.71* 3.7 2
M2    12.22 KNm
12 12
Stiffness of the members
Let K1, K2 and Kc be the stiffness of the left side beam, right side beam and the column
respectively;
K1 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.43
 * *   1.33 *10  4
2 2 12 l1 2 *12 * 4
K 2 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.43
 * *   1.44 *10  4
2 2 12 l2 2 *12 * 3.7
bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.33
K col  *   1.67 *10  4
12 lc 12
 K  K1  K 2  K c  (1.33  1.44  1.67) *10  4  4.44 *10  4
K c 1.67
df    0.37
 K 1.44
L1 is the length of the left side beam, l2 is the length of the right side beam, lc is the length of the
column and df is the moment distribution factor.
Mc=0.37(37.22-12.22) =9.435KNm
N 76.40 *103
  1.3
bh 300 * 200
M 9.435 *106
  0.52
bh 2 200 * 300 2
d 167
h=300mm; b=200mm and let’s use d=167mm,   0.8
h 200
using the chart found on the figure 9.7 from the lecturer notes, for the above results;
100 Asc 0.4bh 0.4 * 200 * 300
 0.4  Asc    240mm2 Provide 4T10=314mm2
bh 100 100
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE THIRD STORY (3rd sterey T.S and U.S)
The column of the third storey carries in addition to the column of the fourth storey, the slab, the
walls, columns and other finishes.
For the slab, dead Load of slab Gs=24*4.8 *0.2=23.04KN/m;
 0.2 * 2.7 * 4.8 
For the walls dead Load of walls Gw  19  0.2 * 2.7  23.05KN / m
 3.85 
For the columns dead Load of column Gk= (23.05+23.04+4.34)=50.43KN/m

1* 4.8 * 3.85
For other finishes, dead Load of the finishes G f   4.8KN / m
3.85

Total dead load on the third storey Gk= (23.05+23.04+4.34+4.8)=55.23KN/m
The live load on the same storey Qk= 2*4.8=9.6KN/m
Ultimate load on the third storey is given by 1.6Qk+1.4Gk=1.6*9.6+1.4*55.23=92.682KN/m
The critical loading on the third floor is shown on the next figure:
3rd storey T.S column:

N= (28.29*2++28.29*3.7/2)+24*0.2*0.3*2.7=112.80KN
ql 2 96.682 * 4 2
M1    123.576 KNm
12 12
ql 2 55.23 * 3.7 2
M2    63.00 KNm
12 12

K 1 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.4 3
 * *   1.33 * 10  4
2 2 12 l1 2 * 12 * 4
K 2 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.4 3
 * *   1.44 * 10  4
2 2 12 l 2 2 * 12 * 3.7
bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.33
K col  *   1.67 * 10  4
12 l c 12
 K  K 1  K 2  K c  (1.33  1.44  2 * 1.67) * 10  4  6.11 * 10  4
Kc 1.67
df    0.27
 K 6.11
Mc=0.27(123.576-63.00) =16.35KNm

N 112.80 * 10 3
  1.88
bh 200 * 300
M 16.35 * 10 6
 1
bh 2 200 * 300 2
100 Asc 0.4bh 0.4 * 200 * 300
 0.4  Asc    240mm 2
bh 100 100
Provide 4T10=314mm2
3rd storey U.S column
N= (28.29*2+28.29*3.7/2) + (92.162+55.23*3.7/2)+(24*0.2*0.3*2.7)=399.30KN
ql 2 92.162 * 4 2
M1    122.88KNm
12 12
ql 2 55.23 * 3.7 2
M2    63.00 KNm
12 12
df= 0.27 (calculations are the same as we did for the previous column)
Mc=0.27(122.88-63.00)16.17KNm
N 399.30 * 10 3
  6.7
bh 200 * 300
M 16.17 * 10 6
 1
bh 2 200 * 300 2
100 Asc 0.4bh 0.4 * 200 * 300
 0.4  Asc    240mm 2
bh 100 100
Provide 4T10
Using the same procedures and changing the live load for each floor depending on the purpose
of use of our building, we summarize the design of each column in the next table:
No FLOOR N (KN) M(KNm) N/bh M/bh2 100Asc/bh Asc Steel Asc provided
1 4th floor 76.40 9.435 1.3 0.52 0.4 240 4T10 314
2 3rd Floor 399.30 16.17 6.7 1 0.4 240 4T10 314
3 2nd floor 804.13 24.46 13.4 1.4 1 600 6T12 679
4 1st floor 1251.62 24.46 20.9 1.4 2.8 1680 6T20 1885
5 Foundation 1255.51 12.23
LINKS
Minimum diameter of links=0.25 times the largest compression bar and not less than 6mm.
20X0.25=5mm. let’s use Ø8mm
Maximum spacing of links is equal to12 times the smallest diameter of bar. 12*10=120mm, then let
us use 100mm.
We provide R8@100mm.

BRACED COLUMN J-8
2m
2m
THE LOADS ON THE TOP STOREY
The surface area of roof S =2m*2m=4m2
Inclination α = 30°,
The area of the roof 4/cos 30 = 4.62m2
Imposed load on roof = 1.5kN/m2 * 4.62m2/2m =3.46 kN/m
Roof self weight=0.5KN/m2*4.62m2/2m=1.155KN/m
Truss self weight=0.5KN/m2*4m2/2m=1KN/m
Ceiling=0.25KN/m2*4m2/2m=0.5KN/m
Self weight of beam=(0.2*0.4*24*+0.2*0.4*24*2/2)=3.84KN/m
Gk for top storey= (1.155+1+0.5+3.84)=6.50KN/m
Qk=1.5*4.62/2)=3.46KN/m
Ultimate load on the roof: 1.4Gk+1.6Qk= (1.6*3.46+1.4*6.50)=14.63KN/m
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE FOURTH STOREY (4th storey U.S)
Let consider the critical loading on the roof as shown on the next figure:
Calculations of the Fixed end moment for beam

N= (14.63*2) KN=29.26KN
ql 2 14.63 * 4 2
M1    19.50 KNm
12 12
M2  0

K 1 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.4 3
 * *   1.33 * 10  4
2 2 12 l1 2 * 12 * 4
bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.33
K col  *   1.67 * 10  4
12 l c 12
 K  K 1  K c  (1.33  1.67) * 10  4  3 * 10  4
Kc 1.67
df    0.56
K 3
Mc=0.56(19.50-0) =11.00KNm
N 29.26 * 10 3
  0.48
bh 300 * 200
M 11.00 * 10 6
  0.61
bh 2 200 * 300 2
100 Asc 0.4bh 0.4 * 200 * 300
 0.4  Asc    240mm2
bh 100 100
Provide 4T10=314mm2
DESIGN OF THE COLUMN OF THE THIRD STOREY (3rd storey T.S and U.S)
The column of the third storey carries in addition to the column of the fourth storey, the slab, the
walls, columns and other finishes.
For the slab, dead Load of slab Gs=24*2*0.2=9.6KN/m;
 0.2 * 2.7 * 2 
For the walls dead Load of walls Gw  19  0.2 * 2.7  30.78KN / m
 2 
For the columns dead Load of column Gk= (3.48+9.6+2)=15.08KN/m

1* 2 * 3 * 2
For other finishes, dead Load of the finishes G f   2 KN / m
2
Total dead load on the third storey Gk= (3.48+9.6+2+30.78)=45.86KN/m
The live load on the same storey Qk= 2*2=4KN/m
Ultimate load on the third storey is given by 1.6Qk+1.4Gk=1.6*4+1.4*45.86=70.604KN/m
The critical loading on the third floor is shown on the next figure:

3rd storey T.S column:
N= (16.43*2*+24*0.2*0.3*2.7) =33.15KN
ql 2 70.60 * 4 2
M1    94.14 KNm
12 12
M2  0

K 1 1 bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.4 3
 * *   1.33 * 10  4
2 2 12 l1 2 * 12 * 4
bh 3 1 0.2 * 0.33
K col  *   1.67 * 10  4
12 l c 12
 K  K 1  K c  (1.33  2 * 1.67) * 10  4  4.67 * 10  4
Kc 1.67
df    0.36
 K 4.67
Mc=0.36(94.18-0) =33.90KNm
N 33.15 * 10 3
  0.55
bh 200 * 300
M 33.88 * 10 6
  1.8
bh 2 200 * 300 2
100 As
 1.1
bh
1.1 * 300 * 200
As   660mm 2
100
3rd storey U.S column
N= (14.63*2) + (2*24*0.3*0.2)+(70.60*2)=173.34KN
ql 2 70.60 * 4 2
M1    94.13KNm
12 12
M2  0
M=0.36(94.13-0) =33.88
N 173.34 * 10 3
  2. 9
bh 200 * 300
M 33.88 * 10 6
  1.8
bh 2 200 * 300 2
100 As
 0.9
bh
0.9 * 300 * 200
As   540mm 2
100
Provide 4T12+2T8 = (452+101) mm2=553mm2
Using the same procedures and changing the live load for each floor depending on the purpose of
use of our building, we summarize the design of each column in the next table:

No FLOOR N (KN) M(KNm) N/bh M/bh2 100Asc/bh Asc Steel Asc provided
1 4th floor 29.26 11.00 0.48 0.6 0.4 240 4T10 314
2 3rd Floor 173.34 33.88 2.9 1.8 0.9 540 4T12+2T8 353
3 2nd floor 333.74 107.00 5.6 6 3.7 2220 4T25+2T16 2362
4 1st floor 491.74 107.00 8.2 6 4 2460 4T25+2T20 2588
5 Foundation 495.63 53.5
LINKS
Minimum diameter of links=0.25 times the largest compression bar and not less than 6mm.
25X0.25=6.25mm. let’s use Ø8mm
Maximum spacing of links is equal to12 times the smallest diameter of bar. 12*10=120mm, then let
us use 100mm.
We provide R8@100mm.
We will design for the unbraced column J-8 since it has the requirements that may satisfy the
previous designed braced column.
1st to 2ndfloor
2rd to 3rdfloor
rd
3 floor to roof
Ground to 1st floor

10. DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
Dimension of our column 300mm x 200mm

Assumed self weight of our footing =150KN
Characteristic load =1255.51KN
Design moment =12.23 KNm
Consider that the bearing pressure of the soil is 300KN/m2
 Characteristics strength of the material fcu =35N/mm2
fy = 460N/mm2
The design load for serviceability limit state= 1.0Gk+1.0 Qk =1255.51+150=1405.51/1.4
1004 KN
The required base area = 2
 3.35m 2 the provided area 1.75 X 2m = 3.5m2
300 KN / m
The design load for ultimate limit state =1405.51KN
N 6M 1405.51 6  12.23
The earth pressure P =     412.05KN/m2
BD BD 2
3.5 1.75  2 2
Assumption of the dimensions of footing, h=580mm thick of footing and the effective depth d=
520mm
Checking the shear stress at the face of the column

N 1405.51  10 3
VC    2.7 N / mm 2  0.8 f cu  4.8 N / mm 2
Column  perimiter  d (300  200)  520 * 2
Checking for punching shear
The critical perimeter = column perimeter +12d= [2 x (300+200) +12 x520] mm = 7240mm
The area within the perimeter = (300+3d) x (200+3d) =3.27x106mm2
Therefore the punching shear force V= 300KN/m2 (3.5-3.27) m2 = 69KN
V 69  10 3
Then the punching shear stress    0.018 N / mm 2
Perimeterc litical  d 7240  520
From the table 5.1 the maximum shear stress for d greater than 400mm is always more than 0.36.
Therefore our effective depth is adequate.
BENDING REINFORCEMENT
At the column face which is the critical point
2m
1.75m 300mm
200mm
0.85m 0.15m 1m
The distributed load q= P x 2.0m = 412.05KN/m2 x1.75m=721.8KN/m

ql 2 721.8  0.85 2
The bending moment at the face will become M=   260.70 KNm
2 2
M 260.70  10 6
k   0.015  0.156 . Therefore the compression reinforcement is
f cu bd 2 35  1750  520 2
not required.
From the table 1.2 for K=0.015, , Z=0.95*520=494mm
M 260.70 *106
As    1318.67mm2
0.87 f y Z 0.87 * 460 * 494
Provide 7 T16@150mm, Asprovided=1340mm2
100 As
0.13  4
bh
100 As 100 *1340
  0.132
bh 1750 * 580
Thus our assumed h is adequate.
FINAL CHECK ING OF SHEAR PUNCHING

100 As 100 *1340
From the table 5.1 from the lecturer notes, for fcu=30N/mm2,   1.47
bd 175 * 520
Vc=0.75N/mm2
1   f cu  3  1  35  3 
1 1
vc  
For fcu=35N/mm , v    0.75    0.79 N/mm2> 0.018N / mm2
2 '
c
1.06   25   1.06   25  
  
CHECK ING FOR SHEAR STRESS AT THE CRITICAL SECTION

At a critical section for the shear 1.0d from the column face
1.75m
0.33m 0.52m 0.15m 1m

V=(1.75*0.33*412.05) KN=237.95KN
V 237.95 *103
v   0.261N
bd 1750 * 520

Details of the footing of our design

RC Des. Project Final

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TABLE OF CONTENT

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 1

Our objectives in our calculations are:

All dimensions shown on drawings are in meters (m)

DESING OF THE SLAB

THE PLAN VIEW OF OUR BUILDING

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 2

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 3

DESING OF THE SLAB 3

As our slab is divided into different sub-slabs denoted from S1 to S9

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 4

Then Lx = 3.7 and Ly =4.8 = 4.8 / 3.7 = 1.3

Determination of design load n:

Where Gk is total dead load

Floor and ceiling load = 1.0KN/m2

Then the ultimate load n= (1.4*5.8+1.6*3)KN/m2=12.92KN/m2

The positive moment at mid span

Msx = βsx *n*Lx2

The negative moment at the supports

Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2

For our slab

 Positive moment at mid-span

 The negative moment at the supports

Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2 Mx =0.069*12.92*(3.7)2=12.2KN.m

MOMENT CACULATED IN THE SLABS SPANNED IN TWO WAY

For the panel S2

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 6

For the panel S7, S8, S9 and S10

Here below is the view of the panels S7, S8 and S9

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 7

From the results above the table below was prepared:

N0 Panel Mid-Span moment (Msx) Support moment (Mx)

From the results above,

M sx =7.44 kNm (span, direction x)

1. Reinforcement for smaller span (in Lx)

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 8

100 As 100 * 262

Verification for deflection

2. Reinforcement on span in direction (Ly) (bottom)

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 9

Verification for deflection

3.The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Lx (Top)

Mx= 10.34kNm (on the support, direction x)

Provide T10@300 thus Asprovided =262mm2/m

4. The reinforcement at the support in the direction of span Ly (Top)

My =9.30 kNm (on the support, direction y)

Provide T10@300 thus Asprovided =262mm2/m

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 11

Then the ultimate load n= (1.4*5.8+1.6*5)KN/m2=16.12KN/m2

 The positive moment at mid span

Msx = βsx *n*Lx2 Msx =0.051*16.12*(3.7)2= 11.25KN.m

 The negative moment at the supports

Mx= β’sx *n* Lx2 Mx =0.069*16.12*(3.7)2=12.22KN.m

MOMENT CACULATED IN THE SLABS SPANNED IN TWO WAY

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 12

For the panel S2

For the panel S6

For the panel S7, S8, S9 and S10

Here below is the view of the panels S7, S8 and S9

GROUP IIB /FAS/CE/LEVEL3 PROJECT DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE Page 13

From the results above the table below was prepared:

N0 Panel Mid-Span moment (Msx) Support moment (Mx)

From the results above,

Then the ultimate load n= (1.45.8+1.63)KN/m2=12.92KN/m2

Msx = βsx nLx2

Mx= β’sx n Lx2

Mx= β’sx n Lx2 Mx =0.06912.92(3.7)2=12.2KN.m

Then the ultimate load n= (1.45.8+1.65)KN/m2=16.12KN/m2

Msx = βsx nLx2 Msx =0.05116.12(3.7)2= 11.25KN.m

Mx= β’sx n Lx2 Mx =0.06916.12(3.7)2=12.22KN.m

Therefore the imposed load is Qk=QkA/L=3KN/m27.687m2/4.2=5.49kN/m

The imposed load is Qk=QkA/L=3KN/m29.859m2/4m=7.40kN/m

The imposed load is Qk=QkA/L=3KN/m27.022m2/4m=5.27kN/m

The imposed load is Qk=QkA/L=3KN/m27.652m2/4m=5.73kN/m

M f =0.45f cu b f h f (d-h f /2) =0.4530606200(567-200/2) = 764.10KNm

Asv 3.14 16 2

Therefore the imposed load is Qk=QkA/L=3KN/m26.851m2/3.7=5.55kN/m