Assignment

Swagata Nag 161051010

1. What are the factors that have influenced the growth of Cotton Textile
Industry in the following regions:
i. Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad is situated on the bank of the river Sabarmati and it gets water from it
which is used for dying thread. It is near the Black-Cotton soil region—so it gets
raw materials from the neighboring region. It gets power from the Ahmedabad
thermal power station. It gets cheap and skilled labor from the neighboring region
and its adjoining region which is densely populated. It gets capital from the
Gujarat, Sindhi and Bhatra people who are rich and are ready to invest vast sum of
money. Long staple cotton can also be imported through the port Bombay and
Kandala from foreign countries. The products have a wide market inside and
outside India. India is a dense populated country. So there is a steady supply of
cheap labor required for the industry. The city is well-connected by means of
roadways and railways with other important parts of the country. Cotton textile
research institutes are situated here which are carrying researches for the better
production and development of the industries. The temperate climate of this region
is suitable for spinning fine thread.

ii. Tirupur

Various factors are favourable to the town of Tirupur for being geographically
located close to the centre of cotton spinning industry town namely, Coimbatore,
the procurement of cotton as and when required becomes very easy for Tirupur.
Also the strong enterprising energy and personalised management results
organised controlling of people and operations causing cost effective
competitiveness of the industry and prompt delivery of quality products. The India
Knit Fair Association formed in coordination of the Apparel Export Promotion
Council(AEPC) and Tirupur Exporters’ Association(TEA) organises the India Knit
Fair which is the biggest exhibition on knit and hosiery garments.

iii. Indore

Indore’s textile industry is located in the areas of large scale cotton cultivation.

There is not much of difference between the cost of transporting raw cotton and
finished cloth. Both can be transported with equal ease and without adding much
to the total cost of production. Hence, this industry normally tends to be located at
such centres which have favourable transport facilities with respect to market. In
other words, it is primarily a market oriented industry.

It is favourably located in respect to raw material, market and labour than places of
original locations. This industry also reached some places with some additional
advantages, such as nearness to coal (Nagpur), financial facilities (Kanpur) and
wide market with port facilities (Kolkata).

2. Explain the factors that lead to growth of textile industry in the following
regions:
i. Surat

Surat, an emerging city in the state of Gujarat, is known as the textile city of
Gujarat. And, the epithet is perfectly suited to the city. The textile industry is one of
the oldest and the most widespread industries in Surat. A major part of the city's
population is associated with the textile industry. The textile industry in Surat is
mainly engaged in the activities of yarn production, weaving, processing as well as
embroidery. Surat is well known for its synthetic products market. It is mainly
engaged in the production and trading of synthetic textile products. Nearly 30
million metres of raw fabric and 25 million metres of processed fabric are produced
in Surat daily. The city has several textile markets that exist since times
immemorial. Zampa Bazaar, Bombay Market, JJ Textile Market and Jash Market
are among them. Katat Gam, Magdalla and Udhana are the areas of Surat where
manufacturing is mainly concentrated. In the course of time, people from various
other places like Rajasthan and Kolkata settled in Surat in order to carry out their
textile business. The Surat textile industry has grown considerably over time. As
per recent figures, textile production in Surat has grown by 10% in the last 5 years,
while the market for embroidery has grown from an almost negligible amount to
around Rs. 30000 million over the same period. One of the main reasons behind
the growth of Surat's textile industry is the city's ability to adapt to changes and
the latest trends. The city is quick to respond to any changes in the preferences of
people. The industrialists here have strong entrepreneurial skills. In spite of certain
drawbacks, the city occupies a major position in the production of manmade
fabrics. Around 65% of India's manmade fabric production is done in Surat. The
city expects a growth rate of 15-20% in manmade fabric demand in the near
future. Hence, the future of the Surat textile industry does look bright.

ii. Bhiwandi

Over a period of time Bhiwandi has become one of the favored logistics and
warehouse center due to its location advantage & NH-3 route which passes within
the city, It is close to Mumbai,Silvasa, Surat, Nashik by road and railway both. Two
of the major ports of the country Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust & Mumbai port trust
is situated just50 to 60 kms approximately from the bhiwandi which encourage the
logistic player like Fedex, DHL, Blue dart etc to set their tents in bhiwandi. In India
there are total 24,86,418 numbers of powerlooms and 1,03,141shuttle less looms
(office of textile commissioner, powerloom sector. www.pdexcil.org) are there.
Bhiwandi is widely known for the quality fabric it produces by choosing
conventional and tough method of weaving. Contrary, to the one use in modern
world textile industries. We use century old technology in our machines which are
made up of heavy iron casting, wooden sley and overpick slow motion beating
system. Advantage of using such a tough and time consuming method is to give
breathable, soft, lustrous and coarser fabric to our end users which is not possible
in the todays modern time high speed and compact weaving systems. Modern
machines can give you production two days earlier than the bhiwandi but not the
soft & breathable feel to the cloth.

3. What are the different parameters to be considered while setting up the

following units:
a. Wet processing unit

Textile wet processing employs a huge amount of water, dyes and chemicals, and
other materials for processes such as dyeing, printing and finishing. This industry
is said to be a major cause of environmental pollution.

Water pollution concerns need to be addressed before setting up of the unit. The
processing unit must be far away from any human settlement or major city, as the
effluents discharged are harmful and toxic and can pollute drinking water in the
nearby ponds or water bodies.

Steam and gaseous discharge is another concern. Again for the reasons above
and to reduce air pollution the chimneys are supposed to be equipped with proper
filtration methods.

Effluents before discharge should be treated therefore the processing plant needs
a waste water treatment unit.

Waste disposal should be properly organised. To avoid pollution of groundwater or

contamination of land.

Infrastructure needs to be sought. Engineers architects and everyone involved

should properly review the building design and equipment layout.

Raw material should be sourced from nearby. Transportation costs must be

reduced as much as possible.

Environmental concerns need to be addressed before setting up the unit.

b. Knitting unit

Waste disposal should be properly organised. To avoid pollution of groundwater or

contamination of land. All the fibre and material waste should be carefully disposed
as the fluff generated can harm citizen’s heath and trigger respiratory issues.

Raw material should be sourced from nearby. Transportation costs must be

reduced as much as possible.

Man power should be readily available and for cheap. Labour should be both
skilled and unskilled.

Infrastructure needs to be sought. Engineers architects and everyone involved

should properly review the building design and equipment layout.

Transportation should be rarely needed to reduce costs.

Transportation costs must be reduced as much as possible.

Environmental concerns need to be addressed before setting up the unit.