Pressure Vessels

1. Find the thickness for a tube of internal diameter 100 mm subjected to an internal
pressure which is 5/8 of the value of the maximum permissible circumferential stress.
Also, find the increase in internal diameter of such a tube when the internal pressure is
90 N/mm2.Take E=205 N/mm2 and u = 0.29.Neglect longitudinal strain. (W-2006,10)

2. A thick cylinder is subjected to internal fluid pressure. Write the Lame’s equation for
radial and circumferential (hoop) stress through the thickness of the cylinder. show their
variations across the thickness, indicating whether tensile or compressive.(W-2008,6)

3. A spherical pressure vessel, with a 500 mm inner diameter, is welded from steel plates
of cold drawn C20 steel having ultimate stress 440 N/mm2. The vessel is subjected to
internal pressure, which varies between 2 N/mm 2 to 6 N/mm2.Using the soderberg
equation; determine the required thickness of the plates. The following data may be
used for endurance strength.(i) Surface finish factor =0.85(ii)Size factor= 0.80(iii) Stress
concentration = 0.8(iv) Temperature factor =1.0(v) Stress concentration =0.8 (S-
2009,10)

4. (i)Draw the radial stress variation and tangential stress variation at a cross-section of a
thick cylinder subjected to internal pressure only. (S-2010,3)

(ii) The inner diameter of a cylinder tank for liquefied gas is 250 mm. The gas pressure is
limited to 15 Mpa. The tank is made of plain carbon steel 10C4(Sigma =340 N/mm2and µ
= 0.27) and the factor of safety is 5. Determine the cylinder wall thickness.(S-2010,7)

5. A thin cylindrical pressure vessel of 1.2 m diameter carries stem at a pressure of 1.75
N/mm2. Find the minimum wall thickness, if the (i) Longitudinal stress does not exceed
28 Mpa, and (ii) Circumferential stress does not exceed stress 42 Mpa.(S-2011,3+3)

6. A thin cylindrical shell is 2 m diameter and 5 m long. It is subjected to 3 Mpa internal

pressures. If the maximum principle stress is not exceed 150 Mpa, Find the thickness of
the shell .E= 200 Gpa and v=0.25.Find the changes in diameter, length and volume of
the thin shell.(W-2011,8)

7. The hydraulic cylinder 400 mm bore operates at a maximum pressure of 5 N/mm 2. The
piston rod is connected to the load and the cylinder to the frame through hinged joints.
Design cylinder, piston rod, hinge pin and flat end cover. Take allowable tensile stress
for cast steel cylinder and cover is 80 MPa and for piston rod is 60MPa.(W-2012,12)
 Variable stresses

1. Bending stress in a machine part fluctuates between a tensile stress of 280 N/mm 2 and a
compressive stress of 140 N/mm2, if the factor of safety 1.75 and the yield point is never likely to
be less than 55% of the tensile strength of greater than 93% of it. What is the minimum ultimate
tensile strength of the part of carry this fluctuation indefinitely according to

i) Gerber formulae

ii) goodman formulae

iii) Soderberg formulae winter 2005 10 marks

2. Explain with suitable sketch the miner’s rule for fatigue life prediction.(S-2006,4)

3. A bar is subjected to a completely reversed axil load of 150kN.Determine the size of the
circular bar if it is made of plan carbon steel having ultimate strength equivalent to 600MPa.(S-
2006,10)

4. Write briefly on the five endurance limit modifying factors. (S-2006, 5)

5. (a) What is meant by stress concentration? How do you take it into consideration in case of a
component subjected to dynamic loading?(W-2006,5)

(b)Explain with a sketch Miner’s rule for fatigue life predication.(W-2006,5)

(c) If the result stiffness of connected members is 5 times that of bolt, determine the result
tensile load in bolt and the compressive force on connecting members. The bolt is subjected to
initial tensile of 3000N and the external load is 1800N. (W-2006,10)

6. (a) What are the different types of cyclic loading? Referring to S-N curve, explain the concept
of ‘endurance strength ‘and endurance limit.(S-2007,4)

(b) Explain, with a neat sketch, the different failure criteria for design against fatigue loading.(S-
2007,6)

(c) A cold drawn steel rod of circular cross-section is subjected to a variable bending moment of
500 Nm to 1000Nm as the axial load varies from 4.5 kN to 13.5kN.The maximum bending
moment occurs at the same instant that the axial load is maximum. Find the diameter of the rod,
neglecting stress concentration. Take the factor of safety to be 2, ultimate tensile strength to be
560N/mm2 and the yield point stress to be 476N/mm2.Assume surface correction factor = 0.88,
size correction factor =0.85 and reliability factor=1. (S-2007, 10)

7. A bolted assembly is subjected to an external force that varies from 0 to 10kN.The combined
stiffness of the parts, held together by the bolt, is three times the stiffness of the bolt. The bolt is
initially so tightened that, at 50% overload condition, the parts held together by bolt are just
about to separate. The bolt is machined from plain carbon steel 50C4(∂ut=660N/mm2, and
∂yt=460N/mm2 ).The fatigue stress concentration factor is 2.5.Determine the size of the bolt with
coarse threads, assuming the factor of safety to be2, the surface correction factor, size
correction factor, and reliability factor to be 0.74,0.85and 0.868,respectively.Assume any other
data, if necessary. Use modified Goodman’s diagram as the failure criterion.(S-2007.8)

8. (a) Describe the various factors affecting the endurance strength of a component.(W-2007,5)

(b)A steel bracket, as shown in fig-3, is secured to wall by means of four steel bolts. The load on
the bracket is 15 kN which acts at a distance of 175 mm from the wall. Determine the size of
bolt required if the allowable stress is 120N/mm2.(W-2007,10)

(c) What do you mean by stress-concentration? Explain how stress concentration can be
reduced by modifying existing design. (W-2007, 5)

9. What is meant by endurance strength of a material? How do the size and surface condition of
a component and type of load affect such strength? (S-2008, 8)

10.(i) What is endurance strength of a material? Describe a standard test with a neat sketch for
determining this material property. Draw the stress (S)-cycle (N) diagram, showing the
endurance strength.(W-2008,8)

(ii) A steel cantilever has a length of 30 cm and area of cross-section is 10 cm wide by 5 cm

deep. If a factor of safety of 3 is applied to the variable stress component, determine the value f
an end transvers load,P,so that fatigue failure will not occur for the following conditions.
Consider the yield point criterion of failure for the steady stress component when (a)P is
completely reversed; and (b) P varies from zero to a maximum The material has the following
properties: Yield strength= SigmaY=420MPa,Endurance strength = Sigma e =+320MPa(W-
2008,8)

11.(i) Expalin,with suitable neat sketches, how the effect of stress-concentration can be
reduced.(W-2009,5)

(ii)When a motor is mounted on a beam, as shown in fig.1 it is observed that the end of the
beam is subjected to a completely reversible load of 15 kN.The span of the beam is 1 m. The
material of the beam is C35 cold rolled steel having ultimate strength 600 N/mm2.The stress
concentration factor at wall is2.0, determine cross-section of the beam.(W-2009,10)

12. An compressor of effective diameter 300 mm is subjected to air pressure of 1.5 N/mm 2.The
cylinder head is connected by of 8 bolts having yield strength of 350N/mm 2 and endurance limit
of 240N/mm2.The bolts are tightened with an initial preload force of 1.5 times that of external
force. A copper is used to make joint leak-proof. Assume stress concentration factor of 2.5 and
factor of safety 2.0.Determine the required size of the bolt.(W-2009,10)

13.(i) Draw Goodman diagram,Soderberg line and Gerber parabola.Explain it briefly(S-

2010,3+2)

(ii)Expalin the term ‘cumulative fatigue damage’ and Miner’s rule(S-2010,3+2)

(iii)a cantilever beam of 40C8 steel has two secions.the first part from the support is 150 mm
and has a diameter of 1.5 d while the second portion is 100 mm long has adiameter of d.the
fillet radius at charge in section is 0.2d. this cantilever is subjected to a transverse load varying
from -50N to 150N at the free end. Determine the diameter d with the following values.

Ka=0.76,Kb=0.85, Reliability factor=0.879 and q=0.9,sigma 4=600 Mpa for the steel and FS=1.5

For r/d=0.2 and D/d=1.5, Kt=1.35,Kf=1+q(Ke-1)=1.315.Use goodman’s equation. 10 marks ( S

2010)

14.define the terms stress concentration factor, notch sensitivity and fatigue.(2+2+2) s 2011

15. A steel rod is subjected to reversed axial load 180kN. Find the diameter of the rod for a
Factor of safety of 2. Neglect column action.the material has an ultimate tensile strength of
1070mpaand yield strength of 910 Mpa. The endurance limit in reversed bending may be
assumed to be one half of the ultimate tnsile strength.other correction factors may be taken as
follows.

For axial loading=0.7, for machined surface=0.8, for size=0.85.for stress concentration=0.1

8 marks. Summer 2011.

16. An excavator applies push pull forces on a short plain carbon steel of 20 mm diameter.
During one minute three forces of magnitude of 20000N,16000N and 12000N are applied
inducing stresses sigma 1,sigma2 and sigma 3 . fatigue tests these three stresses performed on
9 specimens at each stresses level resulted in following mean life:N1=10 4 cycle ,N2=5X104cycle
and N3=1.3x 104cycles. If macine works for four hours in a day , Find after how many days the
rod should be replaced. (Summer 2012, 08 marks)

17.It is understood that fatigue strength of material is much sensitive property in comparison
with ultimate tensile strength. What are different factors that reduce the fatigue strength. Then
how do you calculate the fatigue strength reduction factors for steel,if its ultimate tensile
strength is known. Summer 2012 8 marks

18.if Kt=stress concentration factor and Kf=fatigue strength reduction factor,then define notch
sensitivity index. If steel bar has Kt=1.5 and notch sensitivity index of 0.85, find Kf. 4 marks,s2012

19. A stepped shaft with the reduction ratio of 1:2 is to have a fillet radius of 10% of the smaller
diameter.The material of the shaft has notch sensitivity factor of 0.925 , a shear stress of 160
Mpa at yield point and a shear stress of 120 Mpa at endurance limit . Determine the diameter of
the shaft at the minimum cross section to sustain a twisting moment that fluctuates between
500N-m and -800 N-m. Assume the surface finish factor to be 0.95, size factor0.85, the factor of
safety as 2,and theoretical stress concentration factor of 1.33. 6 marks, summer 2005

20.Define (i) Stress concentration Factor (ii) notch sensitivity . A stepped shaft has a fillet
provided at the section where the diameter is reduced. The static SCF is measured to be 3.02. if
the Notch sensitivity is measured for this to be equal to 0.8 . Find the fatigue stress
concentration factor. 4marks, winter 2011
Pipes and pipe joints

1. A steam engine cylinder has an effective diameter 350 mm and the maximum steam pressure
acting on the cylinder cover is 1.5 Mpa .calculate the size of the stud required to fix the cylinder
cover. Assume the permissible stresses in the stud to be 70 Mpa. S2006, 10 marks

2. Design an Oval flange joint for a pipe of 6mm bore. It is subjected to fluid pressure of 10
Mpa . The allowable strength of flange and pipe material in 20 Mpa and that for bolt is 60 Mpa.

15 marks, Winter 2007

3. Design a square flanged pipe joint of pipes of internal diameter 50 mm subjected to an

internal fluid pressure of 7 Mpa . The maximum tensile stress in the pipe material is not to be
exceed 21 Mpa. and in the both 28 Mpa. 15 marks,summer 2008

4.describe ,with neat sketch ,various types of pipe joints commonly used in engineering
practice., also explain the procedure for design of a oval flanged pipe joint, winter 2012 10
marks

5.A flanged pipe , with an internal diameter as 200 mm is subjected to a fluid pressure of 0.35
N/mm2. The flange is connected by M16 bolts. The pitch circle diameter of the bolt is 290mm. If
the thickness of the flange is 20 mm, and the working stress in the flange. Summer 2013,10
marks

6. Describe the procedure for designing of lozenge Joint. 5 Marks, summer 2014

6.Design and draw an oval flanged pipe joint for a pipe having 50 mm bor. It is subjected to an
internal fluid pressure of 7 Mpa. The maximum tensile stress in the pipe material is not exceed
20 Mpa and in the bolts 60 Mpa. Summer 2014 ,10 marks

Riveted Joints
1. Describe the procedure for designing of lozenge Joint. 5 Marks, summer 2014

2. Two lengths of mild steel tie rod (flat plate) 190 mm x 12 mm are to be connected
together by means of a lap joint using only four rivets. Find the diameter of the rivets
,when the rods are subjected to tensile loading. Indicate the arrangement of the rivets to
give the strongest joint. The allowable stress are sigma t-90 Mpa, Sigma S – 75 Mpa,
Sigma C- 150 Mpa. 10 marks, summer 2014

3. What do you understand by caulking and fullering? Explain 2+2 Winter 2013

4. A boiler with 2 m internal diameter is required to generate at a pressure of 1.75 mpa.

Design a triple riveted double strap longitudinal butt joint for the boiler shell. The straps
are unequal width. The pitch of rivets in outer row is to be twice of the pitch in the middle
and inner row and zig zag riveting is recommended. The efficiency of the joints should
be atleast 80%. The permissible stresses for steel plate and rivets in tension, shear and
compression are 80 Mpa,60 Mpa and 120 Mpa respectively.

Calculate the following

1. Thickness of the plate

2. Diameter of the rivets

3. Pitch of rivets

4. Distance between the row of rivets

5. Thickness inner and outer edge

6. Margin winter 2012 ,6 x 2 Marks

5. Design circumferential lap joint whose inner diameter is 1650 mm and steam pressure is
2 Mpa . assume joint efficiency 70 % .use the following dataulimate tensile strength of
plate = 450 Mpa, Ultimate shear strength of plate and rivet 350 Mpa, ultimate crushing
strength for plate and rivet =750 Mpa. Take factor of safety of 5 on all ultimate strength.
Standard doesnot allow pitch in circumferential joint to be grater that 1.3t+41 . calculate
no of rivets , pitch,no of rows, and cheque for crushing. 9 marks summer 2012

6. Sketch following joints in eccentric loading, riveted joints with six rivets 2 Marks summer
2012

7. A cylindrical shell is made of 15 mm plates . the circumferential joint is a single riveted

lap joint with 20 mm diameter rivets ata pitch of 50 mm. If the ultimate tensile stress in
the plate is 450 Mpa and ultimate shearing and bearing stress for the rivets are 300 mpa
and 600 mpa , respectively , Calculate the efficiency of joint. Winter 2011, 6 marks

8. A double riveted lap joint with Zig Zag riveting is to be designed for 13 mm thick plates .
Assume,sigma t – 80 Mpa, tou= 60 Mpa and sigma C = 120 mpa . state how the joint will
 fail and find the efficiency of the joint. Where sigma t = permissible tensile strees , sigma
c=Permissible crushing Stress and tou=permissible shear stress. 8 marks, summer 2011

9. A bracket , shown in fig is riveted to a column by five rivets. The bracket carries a load
10 kN at a distance of 250 mm from the centerline of the column. Calculate the diameter
of the rivet if the permissible shear stress is 63 Mpa, 2010 winter,14 marks

10. Two length of mild steel tie rod , having width 200 mm and thickness 12.5 mm , are to be
connected by means of a butt joint with equal straps . Deign the lozenge joint , if the
permissible stress in plates and rivets material are :sigma T =80 Mpa,tou= 50 mpa,
Sigma C=150 Mpa 10 marks, winter 2009

11. Design riveted joints for the longitudinal and circumferential seam of a boiler 1.25 m
diameter to withstand maxi pressure of 2.5 Mpa. Assume that for longitudinal joint triple
riveted butt joints with upper plate having two rows of rivet on each side and one rivet on
outer row with alternate rivets omitted is chosen. The efficiency of such joint is 85%. the
circumferential joint is double riveted lap joints whose efficiency should not be less than
50%.asume that The material of the shell plane and rivet is C20steel having allowable
stress Sigma t=86Mpa,Sigma c= 129Mpa,and tou=52Mpa sketch the layout the joints.20
marks Summer-2009,Winter-2007

12. A boiler has an internal diameter of 2.6 length 9 m and is subjected to internal pressure
of 1.3 Mpa.The longitudinal joints to be butt dimond riveting having 85% efficiency and
the circumferential joint is a double riveted lap joint whose efficiency should be not less
than 50% of the efficiency of the longitudinal joint. Assume Sigma t= 80MN/m 2, Sigma
c=160MN/m2, Tou= 64MN/m2 design the joint and Sketch it.Summer-2008,20marks.

13. A double riveted butt joint with two cover plate further longitudinal sim of a boiler shell
1500 mm in diameter is subjected to steam pressure of 0.915Mpa.Assume allowal
tensile stress in plate=84.5 Mpa, compressive stress=141Mpa,Shear stress in the rivet
=56 Mpa and joint efficiency 75% determine the thickness of the boiler shell plate,
Diameter of rivet, Pitch of rivet. The rivet in double shear are 1.875 tmies stronger than
in single shear.Winter2005,6 marks

14. Design a butt joint for two mild steel tie bars 250mmx10mm which are riveted.Summer-
2005 ,10 Marks
Welding Joints

1. A plate of thickness 10 mm and width 75 mm is to be lap welded and another plate of

thickness 10mm and width 100mm by the side end fillet welds as shown in fig
determine the minimum length of overlap l, show that narrow plate can carry a tensile
load with a tensile stress of 140 Mpa. The size of the weld is 10mm and the
allowable shear stress in weld =95Map,Winter-2005,6Marks

2. A rectangular section bar is welded to a bracket by means of fillet weld as shown in

fig determine the size of the weld if permissible shear stress in the weld is limited to
70Mpa.Summer-2009,marks-10

3. Explain the following i) What is limitation of single strap butt Joint ?(ii) What is throat
thickness of fillet weld?(iii) Why are welded joint preferred over riveted joint?,Winter-
2009,(3x2)

4. A plate 100 mm wide and 10 mm thick is to be welded to another plate by means of

double parallel fillets. The plates are subjected to a static load of 80 kN. Find the
length of the weld, if the permissible shear stress in the weld does not exceed 55
Mpa.Summer-2010,Marks-05

5. Sketch welded joint in eccentric loading with three fillets.Summer-2012,marks-2

6. What do you understand by transverse and parallel fillet welds? Compare triangular
and convex cross-section of fillet welds.Winter-2012,marks-4

7. Explain the basic procedure for design of longitudinal butt-joint and circumferential
lap-joint for a cylinder boiler shell.Summer-2013,marks-6

8. What do you understand by Caulking and Fullering? Explain, Winter-2013, marks-

2+2.

9. A 16 mm thick plate is welded to a vertical support by two fillet welds as shown in fig.
Determine the size of the weld, if the permissible shear stress for the weld material is
75 Mpa.Winter-2013,marks-8
Torsional Stress

1. A stepped shaft with the reduction ratio of 1:2 is to have a fillet radius of 10% of the
smaller shaft diameter. The material of the shaft has notch sensitivity factors of
0.925, a shear stress of 160Mpa at yield point and a shear stress of 120Mpa at
endurance limit. Determine the diameter of the shaft at the minimum cross-section to
sustain a twisting moment that fluctuates between 500Nm and -800Nm.Assume the
surface finish factor to be 0.95,size factor0.85,the factor of safety as 2,and
theoretical stress concentration factor of 1.33.Summer-2005,marks-6

2. A solid shaft is subjected to a twisting moment of 800N-m,a bending moment of

200N-m and a flexure shear of 10,000N.If the maximum allowable values of normal
and shear stresses are 140N/mm2and 80N/mm2respectivey,determine the diameter
of the shaft. Winter-2005,marks-10

3. An open S link is made from 25 mm diameter rod. The natural axis of the upper loop
is of 75 mm radius and that of the lower loop is 100 mm radius. If it is subjected to a
load of 900N determine the maximum tensile stress and maximum shear
stress.Summer-2006,marks-10

4. A cylindrical shaft mode of steel of yield strength 700Mpa is subjected to static loads
consisting of bending moment 10kN-m and a torsional moment 30kN-m.Determine
the diameter the of the shaft using maximum shear stress theory and maximum
strain energy theory of failure, assuming a factor of safety of 2.Take E=210 Gpa and
Poisson’s ratio=0.25,Winter-2006,marks-10

5. A 45 mm diameter shaft is made of steel with yield strength of 400Mpa.A parallel key
of size 14 mm wide and 9 mm thick made of steel with yield strength of 340 Mpa is to
be used. Find the required length of the key if the shaft is loaded to transmit the
maximum permissible torque. Use maximum shear stress theory and assume a
factor of safety of 2.Summer-2008,marks-12

6. A hollow steel shaft, 20 cm internal and 30 cm external diameter, is to be replaced by

a solid alloy shaft .If the polar modulus has the same value for both; calculate the
diameter of the latter and the ratio of their rigidities. Take rigidity modulus of steel, G s,
equal to 2.4 times the Ga for the alloy.Winter-2008,marks-10

7. A solid shaft is transmitting 1 MW at 24 rpm. Determine the diameter of the shaft if

the maximum torque transmitted exceeds the mean torque by 20%.Take the
maximum allowable shear stress as 60Mpa.marks-6,Summer-2008

8. A solid shaft is to transmit 300kW at 120rpm.If the shear stress is not exceed
100Mpa,find the diameter of the shaft.marks-06,Winter-2011

9. A shaft transmits 20kW power and rotates at 500 rpm. The material of the shaft is
50C4 (Sigma yield tensile =460N/mm2) and the factor of safety is 2. Determine the
diameter of shaft (i) on the basis of shear strength ,and(ii) on the basis of its torsional
 rigidity ,If the angle of twist permissible is 3 degree per meter length and modulus of
rigidity of shaft material is 79300 N/mm2,marks-8,Winter-2012

10. A hollow shaft is required to transmit 500 kW power at 120 rpm. The maximum
toque is 25% greater than the mean torque. The shaft is made of plain carbon steel
with sigma yield tensile = 380 N/mm 2 and the factor of safety is 3.5. The shaft should
not twist more than 1.5 degree in a length of 3 m. The internal diameter of shaft is
3/8 times of external diameter. The modulus of rigidity of shaft material is 80
kN/mm2.Determine the external diameter of shaft on the basis of its shear strength
and on the basis of permissible handle of twist.marks-10,Summer-2013

Screwed joints

1. A steel bracket, as shown in figure is secured to wall by means of four steel bolts. The
load in the bracket is 15 kN which acts at a distance of 175 mm from the wall. Determine the
size of the bolt required if the allowable stresses are 120 Mpa. Winter 20017, 10 marks

2. A bolt is subjected to a direct load of 25 kN and a shear load of 15 kN. Considering

maximum shear stress theory and Von Mises theory of failure, determine a suitable size of the
bolt. If the material of the bolt is C 15 having 200Mpa yield strength. Assume factor of safety
equal to 2. Summer 2009, 10 marks
Cotter and knuckle joints

1. Explain the bending failure of a cotter pin? 4 marks winter 2007

2. Explain the failure of cotter in shear and bending? 5 marks, 2008 summer

3. A cotter joint has to resist a tensile load of 60 kN between two steel rods. All parts of the
joint are made of the same material with the following allowable stresses. Sigma t= 60
Mpa, sigma C = 125 Mpa, allowable shear strength= 70 Mpa.Find out diameter of rods,
diameter of enlarged ends of rod,thickness of cotter, width of cotter, (assume, if
necessary), and sleeve dimensions. Draw a sectional view of the cotter joint, winter
2010,10 marks

4. Design and sketch a cotter joint to connect two mild steel rods. The joint is subjected to
20 kN tensile force. The allowable limits of tensile,shear,crushing stresses are 60 Mpa,
40 Mpa and 75 Mpa respectively. Summer 2009,15 marks

5. Explain any three from the following, use of gib type cotter joint , 3 marks,winter 2209

6. Why the taper provided in cotter

7. Why is the cotter kept thre weakest in a cotter joint

8. Why the bush in a knuckle joint is is made of brass. 1+1+1 summer 2010

9. What is the main difference between key and cotter joint? Write their application.2+2,
summer 2011

10. What for a cotter joint is used? Draw the sketch of acotter joint and lebel the parts. 6
winter 2011

11. Name the three parts that make a cotter joint. Sketch these parts, summer 2012, 6
marks

12. In a cotter joint , the spigot is likely to fail either due to tension or crushing against cotter.
The crushing strength is 60% more than tensile strength of spigot,or, the diameter of the
spigot is d and the thickness of cotter is t. write two expressions for tensile load, load
capacity and crushing load capacity of cotter joint. Show that d=√6.5p/πsigma t. where p
is the load carried by the joint. 8 marks, summer 2012

13. State the applications of the cotter joint . explain various types of failure to be considered
in designing a cotter joint. Write strength equation for each failure alongwith neat sketch.
Winter 2012, 7 marks, summer 2013, 6 marks

14. Write equations showing the strength of the cotter joint for the most probable method of
failure. 8 marks, summer 2014
Keys and coupling

1. What are the flexible couplings? With the help of a neat sketch explain the working
principle of a universal coupling. 2+ 6 winter 2005

2. Design and draw a cast iron protected type flange coupling to connect two shafts of
36 mm dia transmitting 25 kW at 720 rpm. The overload capacity is 1.25 times
average torque. The bolts and keys are made of c20 steel and the flange is made of
FG 200. 10marks, summer 2006,15 marks,summer-2009

3. What are flexible couplings and what are their applications. Illustrate your answer
with example and sketch. 8 marks, winter 2006,Summer-2008

4. Design a bush pin type flexible coupling for connecting a motor and pump shaft. The
following data are provided, power to be transmitted =20 Kw, speed= 1000 rpm.
Diameter of the motor and pump shafts= 50 mm. allowable bearing pressure in
rubber bush= 0.3 Mpa, 12 marks, winter 2006

5. Draw free hand sketch of woodruff key.Winter-2008,2 marks

6. What is mean Difference between key and cotter joint and typical application.
(2+2marks),Summer-2011

7. Sketch a protective type flange coupling, discuss the failure types in flange coupling
detail out the various steps in design of the rigid flanged coupling.(3+3+2),winter-
2011

8. What is coupling? State two important applications of the coupling .Distinguish

between coupling and clutch.(3,Winter-2012)

9. Design a muff coupling to connect two shaft transmitting 40kW at 150 rpm. The
allowable shear and crushing stresses for the shaft and key, which of made of 50c8
steel are 37Mpaand 96.23Mpa respectively the material for the muff is FG150cast
iron with permissible shear strength of 17.3 Mpa .Assume that maximum torque
transmitted is 20% > the mean torque .marks-12,Winter-2013
Introduction, materials , properties of materials and limit fit

1.write down the importance of safety, ecological and social considerations in design. 6 mrks,
summer 2005

2. illustrate with a neat sketch the modulus of strain hardening,what is the difference between
toughness and ductility. 4 marks summer 2005

3. explain the principle of powder metallurgy process indicating the specific type of machine
elements amenable to production by powder metallurgy. 4 marks, summer 2005

4. Discuss with example local quality principle of material selection, 3 marks, summer 2005

5. Differentiate between the tin base and lead base alloys. Summer 2005, 3

6. What are preferred numbers ? explain the implication of preferred numbers in enginerring
design. 4 marks, summer 2005

7.Briefly explain the importance of BIS codes and design data handbook for the design of
machine elements with simple illustrations. 6 marks, summer 2006

8. Briefly explain the safety and social considerations in design, 6 marks, summer 2006

9. Discuss the application of non- ferrous alloys. And plastic in machine design. 7 marks,
summer 2006

10. What is design? What is the role of standardization and creativity design? 4, summer 2007

11.explain the terms , hardness,toughness, resilience and wear . when and how these
properties guide a designer. 8 marks, summer 2007

12. What is conceptual design? Briefly explain various steps of conceptual design. 5 marks ,
winter 2007

13. Define following terms. Malleability, yield strength, resilience, machinability and formability.
Winter 2007, 5 marks

14.briefly explain ecological, social consideration in design. 5 marks, summer 2008

15. Define the following properties of materials , ductility, hardness, toughness, creep and
fatigue. 5 marks, summer 2008

16. State the procedure adopted to integrate the function of design and manufacturing giving
importance to economic feasibility. Winter 2007, 4 marks

17. Discuss the effect of following surface treatment on fatigue strength. 1. Shot peening2.
Surface hardening by nitriding. 4 marks, winter 2007

18. what do you mean by design by evolution and design by innovations? Explain with suitable
examples? 5 marks, summer 2009
19. Explain the effect of following alloying element in alloy steel. Chromium, nickel,
molybdenum, tungsten and silicon. 5 marks, summer 2009

20. What do you mean by embodiment design? Explain various steps involved in this phase of
designs. 5 marks, winter 2009

21. explain the BIS method of plain carbon steel with suitable example, 5 marks , winter 2009

22. Define the terms the standards and codes in relation to machine design. What is the
difference between them? 2+2+2 , summer 2010

23. What are important consideration in machine design? Give a list of 10 important design
consideration. 4 marks, summer 2010.

24.Describe procedure of design in discrete steps. Explain the importance of feedback in the
proceduer.6 marks, winter-2010

25.Draw stress-strain diagram for ductile material(i.e steel)and a brittle material(i.eC.I).Compare

the two diagrams and brings out points of differences. What applications do you suggest for
steel & cast iron?,8 marks,Winter2010

26.Define the terms stress & strain in relation to machine design, What is the relation between
them.(1+1+2),summer-2011

27.Write any eight important factors to be considered in the selection of materials for the
machine members.4marks,Summer-2011

28. sketch & explain salient points of the stress-strain curve of mild steel specimen in the tensile
test. marks (2+4),summer-2011

29. Write any four important mechanical properties of materials and define those properties.
(2+4)marks,Summer-2011

30. Give examples of brittle &ductile materials & write their applications.marks-4,Summer-2011

31. State suitable materials for the following elements indicating the reason.(i) Power
transmission shaft (ii) Springs to be used in safety values(iii) Turbine Blade (iv)Automobile
cylinder Block,4 marks,Winter-2011

32. Explain how surface hardening methods to improve the fatigue strength of ductile metals.
Compare nitriding & Cyaniding methods for the purpose.mark-4, winter-2011

33. Describe seven steps in design procedure. Show then in blocks with feedback loops.mark-6,
Summer-2012

34. What is tolerance? Distinguish among three types of fits.mark-6, Summer-2012

35. Compare stress and strain diagrams of mild steel and medium carbon steel. Show the
yielding & define yield strength for mild steel. if yield point (yielding) does not appear on sigma-
strain diagram .how do you define yield strength its equivalent? Marks-8, Summer-2012

36. It is understood that fatigue strength of material is much sensitive properly in comparison
with ultimate tensile strength. What are different factors that rednce the fatigue strength. Then
how do you calculate the fatigue strength by taking all fatigue strength reduction factors for
steel, if its ultimate tensile strength is known?marks-8,Winter-2012

37. Discuss the logical steps in the procedure of designing machine elements.marks-6,Winter-
2012

38. Discuss the importance of safety, ecological & societal consideration in design.marks-6,
Winter-2006

39. Discuss any four factors that govern selection of material while designing a machine
component .marks-5, Winter-2012

40. Explain any three advantages of aluminum alloys as material for machine
components.marks-3, Winter-2012

41. Discuss overall design considerations for design of machine elements.marks-3,Summer-

2013

42. Distinguish between standard & code. What are their objectives.marks-3,Summer-2013

43. What is the importance of standardization of design.marks-4,Summer-2013

44. Sketch stress-strain curves for mild steel & cast iron & compare them.marks-5,Summer-
2013

45. Explain BIS method of designation of stress & cast iron, marks-5, Summer-2013

46. What is meant by the term mechanical properties of material? Explain in general the
properties of strength, elasticity & plasticetiy.marks-3+3, winter-2005

47. What is meant by factor of safety & how is it selected.marks-4, Winter-2005

48. Briefly explain safety & ecological & societal consideration in design of mechanical
systems. Marks-4, Winter-2006

49. What is meant by (i) Ultimate tensile strength (ii) Hardness, Ductility & Toughness .How
these properties guide a designer in selecting material for machine components? Marks-6,
Winter-2006