CADASTRAL

SURVEYING I
SUG 160

DEPARTMENT OF GEOMATIC SCIENCE

FACULTY OF ARCHITECHTURE, PLANNING & SURVEYING
UiTM PERLIS
 Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students should be
able:
• To explain the cadastral survey system
in Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and
Sarawak.
• To explain the organizational structure
and the background of JUPEM
computerization.
 What is cadastre?
• ‘Cadastre’ word- Latin language
that referring to LAND
REGISTRATION.
• From FIG 1996- ‘a parcel based
and up-to-dated land information
system containing a record of
interests in land (e.g. rights,
restrictions, responsibilities)
DEFINITION CADASTRAL
SURVEY (GENERAL)
• Cadastral Survey (title survey) is
measurement work to provide a map
or plan of land parcel (lots) or land
parcel group as described in
registration of land title (GERAN).
 DEFINITION
(FROM SURVEY REGULATION 2002)
• The surveying works for purpose of
land registration, gazette,
boundary marking, boundary
verification, and others that
related to land administration. It
consists of legal (process of
positioning) and scientific (
process data collection, and
processing data until producing
Certified Pelan)
 CLASSIFICATION OF
CADASTRAL
Fiscal Cadastral
Legal Cadastral
Multipurpose Cadastral
CADASTRAL IN MALAYSIA
• Cadastral survey in Malaysia used TORRENS
system since 1966.
• Torrens system used for land title registration
system.
• Every lot and border/ boundary have coordinate
with bearing and distance.
• All data recorded in Certified Plan (PA).
• Cadastral survey work followed to Peraturan
Ukur 2002/2009 (Survey Departments and
Mapping and Licensed Land Surveyors
Ordinance 1958 (Jurukur Berlesen).
TYPES OF CADASTRAL SYSTEM
Registration of Deeds (1880)
- Pendaftaran Surat Ikatan
Registration of Torrens (1882)
- Pendaftaran Surat Geran
 REGISTRATION OF DEEDS
• The several drawbacks:
i. Not prove title.
ii. Not specify buyer / authoritative seller.
iii.Inconsistent with original transaction
information.
iv.Not solve problem.
 REGISTRATION OF TORRENS
TORRENS SYSTEM

 Based on Torrens system introduce in Australia in 1858.

 Introduced by Sir Robert Torrens
 Is a land administration system relating to registration of
documents of titles of the land.
 Characteristics:-
• The name of the proprietor for time being
• The land which has been alienate (Lot no)
• Its area
• Location
• Survey plan
• Boundary
 REGISTRATION OF TORRENS
The Advantage of Torrens Registration's System:
i. Every land owner is holding a document title that
clearly and guaranteed by the government.
ii. Every individual able to transact of land with easy
registration and without complicated search through
different document.
iii. Land Title for all land owners which holds lease or
charge could not be disputed.
 DEFINITION
OF LAND (Sec. 5 NLC)
 The surface of the earth and all substances
forming that surface.
 The earth below the surface and all
substances therein.
 All vegetation and other natural products,
 All things attached to the earth or
permanently fastened to any thing attached
to the earth, whether on or below the
surface.
 Land covered by water.
DEFINITION LAND ALIENATE
(KTN 1965)
• DEFINITION LAND ALIENATE (KTN 1965)
• Any land holder by State Authority or SA
( Pihak Berkuasa Negeri).
• The disposal of SA land carried out by
following:
• i. Alienation (free / lease hold)
• ii. Temporary Occupation License (TOL)
• iii. Reserve
• iv. Permit
DEFINITION LAND ALIENATE
(KTN 1965)
• Seksyen 76 No 5, KTN 1965 –‘Alienation
is eliminate / release of government land
in free hold, or for certain period (lease
hold) with imposed charge (premium),
except mining land’
COMPONENTS OF CADASTRAL
SYSTEM
• Decision on boundary (Adjudication)
• Boundary marking (Demarcation)
• Boundary measurement (Survey)
• Boundary description (Description)
 ADJUDICATION
• Process of determine of ownership and land
boundary before registration of land title

• Processes are:
i. There is land alienation.
ii. The need of final title.
iii. There is transact / trade of land.
iv. There is boundary conflict.
v. The development impracticable by land
problems.
 ADJUDICATION
• Process of boundary marking can be done
using measurement by prismatic compass
and chain that marked by stake or pipe.

• However, the accurate measurements are

needed to mark boundary position.
 SURVEYING
• To support the land registration system
• The need of final title.
• To help in registration work, planning,
and reacquisition of land.
 DESCRIPTION
• Used to support on recoding of land
alienation, boundary, and boundary
limit.
• Also used to determining the exact
position, location, and reference that
relate to land.
• Description of boundary is needs as:
– Determining is conclusive
– It Can be specified again if conflict.
– Necessary when land trade land.
 DESCRIPTION
• Three description that practiced:
• i. Verbal
• Eg. Numbered property 283, Jalan Setia
that the area approximately 9000fs,
located in front surau and curved by river
in south side.
• ii. Numerical e.g. Coordinate
• iii.Graphical e.g. Certified Plan
 DOCUMENT AND RECORDS
• Certified Plan
• Gazette Plan
• Cadastral Map
• Various Plan
• Calculation Volume
• Field Tracing
Certified Plan
Various Plan
Calculation
Volume
 Organization
• There are 2 organizations
established by government to
administer and regulate supervise
law on land:
– Land And Mines Office Director Of
Land & Mines (Pejabat Tanah dan
Galian & Jabatan Tanah Daerah)
– Departments of Survey and Mapping
Malaysia.(JUPEM)
 THE STRUCTURE OF
LAND ADMINISTRATION
IN PENINSULAR
MALAYSIA
THREE LEVEL OF LAND ADMINISTRATION

FEDERAL

STATE STATE STATE

DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT DISTRICT

 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL, MNRE
AND STATE AUTHORITY

NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL MINISTRY OF NATURAL

CHAIRMAN: RESOURCES AND FEDERAL
DEPUTY PRIME MINISTER ENVIRONMENT
LEVEL
STATE AUTHORITY MINISTRY OF NATURAL
CHIEF MINISTER RESOURCES AND
ENVIRONMENT
STATE SECRETARIAT
STATE SECRETARY SECRETARY GENERAL
SECRETARY TO
NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL
STATE
DIRECTOR GENERAL OF DIRECTOR GENERAL OF LEVEL
LANDS AND MINES SURVEY AND MAPPING

LAND AND MINES OFFCE SURVEY AND MAPPING OFFCE

DIRECTOR OF LAND & MINES DIRECTOR OF SURVEY & MAPPING

DISTRICT AND DISTRICT AND DISTRICT AND DISTRICT AND DISTRICT AND
LAND OFFICE LAND OFFICE LAND OFFICE LAND OFFICE LAND OFFICE DISTRICT
LAND LAND LAND LAND LAND
ADMINISTRATOR ADMINISTRATOR ADMINISTRATOR ADMINISTRATOR ADMINISTRATOR LEVEL
Land Management Relation between Federal
and State
In West Malaysia the system function for
adjusdication and demarcation is under Land Office
–State but survey and description is under
Department of Survey and Mapping Malaysia
(JUPEM)-Federal.

But..In East Malaysia(Sabah and Sarawak) all the

system function is under Jabatan Tanah dan Ukur
Sabah/Sarawak)
POWERS AND ROLES OF INSTITUTIONS/BODIES IN
LAND ADMINISTRATION

NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL

 FORMULATES NATIONAL POLICY FOR PROMOTION

AND CONTROL OF LAND UTILIZATION
 ADVISES FEDERAL OR STATE GOVERNMENT ON
LAND USE MATTERS, PROPOSES LAND LAWS,
ADMINISTRATION OF LAND LAWS
 RECOMMENDS AMENDMENTS OR REPEAL FIRST,
FIFTH, SIXTH OR TENTH SCHEDULES (NLC)
 POWERS AND ROLES OF
INSTITUTIONS/BODIES IN LAND
ADMINISTRATION

MINISTER OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT

(MNRE)

 RESPONSIBLE FOR LAND LAWS UNDER MINISTERIAL

FUNCTIONS ACT
 MEMBER OF NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL
 TAKES ACTION ON BEHALF OF NATIONAL LAND COUNCIL
 MAKES ORDERS TO AMEND OR REPEAL FIRST, FIFTH, SIXTH
OR TENTH SCHEDULES (NLC)
 PRESCRIBES SURVEY PROCEDURES AND FEES
POWERS AND ROLES OF INSTITUTIONS/BODIES
IN LAND ADMINISTRATION

DIRECTOR GENERAL OF LANDS AND MINES

 HE IS ALSO FEDERAL LANDS COMMISSIONER

 POWERS OVER FEDERAL LANDS
 POWER UNDER SECTION 8 OF THE NATIONAL LAND CODE
 CONSULTS & CORRESPONDS WITH STATE DIRECTORS
 REQUESTS INFORMATION FROM STATE
 CONVENES MEETINGS OF STATE DIRECTORS OF LANDS
AND MINES
 INSPECTS RECORDS
 ISSUES CIRCULARS
 UNDERTAKES OTHER DUTIES AS DIRECTED BY
MINISTER
 POWERS AND ROLES OF
INSTITUTIONS/BODIES IN LAND
ADMINISTRATION

STATE AUTHORITY
 POWER TO ALIENATE LAND
 POWER TO RESERVE AND LEASE STATE LAND
 POWER TO PERMIT OCCUPATION OF LAND
 POWER TO PERMIT EXTRACTION, REMOVAL AND
TRANSPORTATION OF ROCK MATERIAL
 POWER TO MAKE RULES
 POWER TO APPOINT OFFICERS
 POWER TO DIVIDE TERRITORY INTO DISTRICTS,
SUBDISTRICTS AND MUKIMS AND VARY OR ALTER
THE BOUNDARY
 MAY DELEGATE ITS POWERS TO THE DIRECTOR OF
LANDS AND MINES
 POWERS AND ROLES OF
INSTITUTIONS/BODIES IN LAND
ADMINISTRATION

DIRECTOR GENERAL OF SURVEY AND

MAPPING

 HEADS THE SURVEY AND MAPPING

DEPARTMENT
 COMPLIES WITH ANY POLICIES AND
REGULATIONS AS DETERMINED BY THE
MINISTER
 CONTROLS AND SUPERVISES THE STATE
DIRECTORS OF SURVEY
 PROVISIONS OF THE LAW
National Land Code
• NLC (1965) was made effective on 1st January 1966.
• As the main code of Land Law to administer land in
Peninsular Malaysia.
• Basic features of NLC (1965):-
– Adverse possession no longer possible
– No possessory right however long
– Indefensibility is guaranteed but not absolute
– Strata title recognized
– Caveat & easement
– etc
 PROVISIONS OF THE LAW
Before existence of NLC 1965, states in Peninsular
used laws respectively as follows:

States Law
Perak, Selangor, FMS Land Code
N.Sembilan & Pahang
P.Pinang & Melaka Land Ordinance (Cap. 113)
Kedah Land Enactment (No.55)
Perlis Land Enactment 1356
Kelantan Land Enactment 1938
Terengganu Land Enactment 1357
Johor Land Enactment (No.1)
 PROVISIONS OF THE LAW
Other than KTN 1965, there were some
other laws related to land that used,
such as:
• Land Acquisition Act 1960.
• Group Settlement Area Act 1960.
• Mining Act
• Malay Reserved Act
• Strata Title Act 1985
• Licensed Land Survey Ordinance 1958.
 TITLE SURVEY
Covers any land survey work, strata, stratum
that obligated by correlative written law relating
with registration for disposal of land, partition,
subdivision and amalgamation including:

• Marking, replace, reification and boundary

verification.
• Record survey data.
• Provide calculation.
• Provide certified plan.
 TITLE SURVEY
 Menanda (Marked)
A new Boundary marking is carry out after
application of survey (PU) for purpose of land
diposal, partition, subdivision, and land
acquisition is approved.

 Mengganti (Replace)
Marking a new boundary mark after old
boundary mark are miss or broken.
 TYPES OF CADASTRAL
SURVEY
 UKURAN PEMBERIAN MILIK PERTAMA
(First Alienation)
 UKURAN PECAH SEMPADAN
(Sub-Division)
 UKURAN PECAH BAHAGIAN
(Sub-Partition)
 UKURAN SERAH BALIK DAN KURNIA SEMULA
(Surrender and Realienation)
 UKURAN CANTUMAN TANAH
(Amalgamation)
 UKURAN PECAH BAHAGI BANGUNAN (Strata Title)
 UKURAN STRATUM(Stratum Title)
 UKURAN PENGAMBILAN BALIK TANAH
(Land Requisition)
 UKURAN DINDING DUA TUAN
(Party Wall Survey)
 JENIS HAKMILIK
 Hakmilik Pejabat Pendaftar
i. Tanah desa dengan keluasan melebihi 4
hektar.
ii. Tanah pekan atau bandar.
iii. Tepi pantai.
iv. Dasar laut.
v. Tanah desa keluasannya kurang 4 hektar
tetapi PBN membuat keputusan perlu
didaftarkan dengan Hakmilik Pejabat
Pendaftar.
vi. Tanah di bawah paras mukabumi.
 JENIS HAKMILIK
 Hakmilik Pejabat Tanah
i. Tanah desa keluasannya kurang
daripada 4 hektar.
ii. Tanah di dalam kawasan
Penempatan Berkelompok
walaupun keluasannya melebihi 4
hektar.
 STATUS HAKMILIK
 Hakmilik sementara (Qualified Title)
- didaftarkan bagi tanah yang belum
diukur secara muktamad.
- Keluasannya adalah keluasan
sementara dan sempadan tanah
adalah sempadan sementara kecuali
mana-mana sempadan yang pernah
diukur secara muktamad.
- tanah di bawah paras mukabumi dan
tanah di dalam Kawasan Penempatan
Berkelompok tidak boleh didaftarkan
hakmilik sementara.
 STATUS HAKMILIK
 Hakmilik Tetap (Final Title)
- bagi tanah yang telah diukur
secara muktamad.
- nombor lot telah ditentukan,
keluasan dan semua sempadan
adalah muktamad dan pelan akui
telah diakui oleh Pengarah Ukur
dan Pemetaan dan disimpan di
Jabatan Ukur dan Pemetaan.
 SURVEYED LAND
(refer to KTN 1965)
 Land shall not be taken to have been surveyed until:
i. its boundaries have been determined by right-
lines.
ii. Its boundaries as so determined have been
demarcated on the surface of the land by
boundary marks.
iii. The area enclosed by its boundaries as so
determined has been calculated.
iv. A lot number has been assigned by the Director
of Survey and Mapping.
v. a certified plan, showing the situation of the land,
the position of its boundaries as so determined
and of the boundary marks placed thereon and
the area and lot number thereof, has been
approved by Director of Survey and Mapping.
Licensed Land Surveyor (LLS)
 S5 NLC Interpretation
A surveyor licensed to practised under Licensed
Land Surveyor(LLS) Act (AKTA 458 Jurukur Tanah
Berlesen-JTB) 1958 and revised on year 1991

 LLS is under Board Of Licensed Surveyors

(Lembaga Jurukur Tanah-LJT)

 Names of LLS wil be gazzete

 Cadastral survey that involves with NLC and Act

, JUPEM and LLS only can run the survey
projects

 Sec 21 LLC Act……information about how to

become LLS , survey jobs and Code of
profesional ethical