Experiment 3

Buck Converter
Objective
To study the closed loop response of a buck converter load regulation
.
Software/ Hardware Required: Multisim 12.0, DC Power supply(0-30V),
L=1mH,NMOS:2N7000,Schottky Diode 1B0Q015,C=10uF,R=85 ohm,CRO, Function generator

Theory:
1. DC-DC Converter
DC - DC converter is a device that accepts a DC input voltage and produces a DC output
voltage. Typically the output produced is at a different voltage level than the input. In addition,
DC-to-DC converters are used to provide noise isolation, power bus regulation, etc. The different
topologies of DC-DC converter are represented below in Figure 1.

Buck Converter
Buck converter is one of the basic, non-isolated DC-DC converter topology. This converter
circuit provides an output voltage lesser than the input voltage with same polarity. It consists of a
DC input source Vs, boost inductor L, controlled MOSFET switch S, filter capacitor C and load
resistor, R.
2. Circuit Diagram:
Circuit diagram of buck converter is shown in Figure 2.
 3. Working Principle
Mode 1: From t = 0 to ton (Switch Q is ON, D is OFF)
During mode 1,transistor S is turned on at t=0. The input current, which rises, flows through
filter inductor L, filter capacitor C, and load resistor R.
Mode 2: For t = t on to T (Switch Q is OFF, D is ON)
During mode 2, transistor S is off at t = t1. The freewheeling diode D conducts due to energy
stored in the inductor, and the inductor current continues to flow throug L, C, laod and D. The
inductor current falls until transistor S is switched on again in the next cycle.

Observation Table:
SET Input voltage = 30V
Set pulse voltage: 10V (Buck operation )
 Load Regulation:
S.no Input TON TOFF D= Load Output Output
Voltage TON/T Resistor Voltage calculated
Vin (R Ω) Measured(Vo) Vo=
I*R(volts)
1

Model Calculation:
T = TON +TOFF
= …….𝜇s +…… 𝜇s = ……. 𝜇s
D = TON / T
= …………..

Vo (calculated)= I*R(volts)

Expected Waveforms For Load Regulation:

Results: The open loop response for buck for load regulation has been examined.
Output voltage is reduced to………V DC voltage.

Precautions:1. Use only isolated power sources (either isolated power supplies or AC power
through isolation power transformers). This helps using a grounded oscilloscope and reduces the
possibility of risk of completing a circuit through your body or destroying the test equipment.
2. Check for all the connections of the circuit and scope connections before powering the circuit, to
avoid shorting or any ground looping that may lead to electrical shocks or damage of equipment.
3. Double-check your wiring and circuit connections. It is a good idea to use a point-to-point wiring
diagram to review when making these checks.
4.After switching off Let the load be connected at the output for some time, so that it helps to
discharge capacitor or inductor if any, completely.