New Information on Cold War CIA Stay-Behind Operations in Germany and on the Adolf Eichmann Case Timothy Naftali University of Virginia Central Intelligence Agency materials released since mid-2005 have been historically significant and highly relevant to the IWG’s congressional mandate, This report will highlight two kinds of revelations received thanks to the efforts of Senator Mike DeWine and Representative Carolyn Maloney, as well as of the IWG’s three public members, and the Archivist of the United States Dr. Allen Weinstein, and due to the cooperation of the CIA under the leadership of Porter Goss. These are preliminary findings and in the months to come further releases are expected that should allow scholars, journalists and the interested public to probe more deeply into these matters. I, We have received information that reveals additional US intelligence programs involving former Nazis, some of whom were war criminals. “Between 1949 and 1955, the Central Intelligence Ageney organized stay-behind networks of German agents in southwestem Germany and Berlin. The programs, known as Pastime (Berlin) and Kibitz (Southwestern Germany) were designed to provide a source of intelligence from behind enemy lines in the event of a Soviet invasion of West Germany. These agents were trained to use radio-sets and the CIAburied radio-sets, money and some ammunition at secret dumps for the use of these agents in wartime. *The Kibitz operation involved at least two former members of the SS--Staff Sergeant Heinrich Hoffmann, Lt. Colonel Hans Rues—and Lt, Colonel Walter Kopp, whom the CIA referred to as an “unreconstructed Nazi.” *Most of Kibitz was dismantled in April-May 1953 in the wake of public concems in ‘West Germany about the resurgence of neo-Nazi groups. The large Kibitz-15 network, “a group with Nazi tendencies” run by Walter Kopp, had become a potential political liability for the US government. “No doubt you are aware of the political hay that the opposition party could make of our Kibitz-15 net if they managed to roll it out on the front page of the German press,” wrote CIA headquarters in April 1953. “The present furor in Western Germany over the resurgence of the Nazi or neo-Nazi groups is a fair example—in miniature—of what we would be faced with.” In 1952, the CIA estimated that there were 125 agents in Kopp’s network. In CIA reports, Kopp, a former German army officer in the Balkans, is described as an ardent National Socialist with neo-Nazi connections. * The CIA disposed of at least one member of the Kibitz-15 network in Canada. His name was Horst Otto Herbert Ims and little evidence has tuned up thus far on what. he did in World War II, though it appears he was not an SS-man. On October 13, 1952, a CIA officer wrote, “the man was recruited as WT [radio] operator anddropped, but we know virtually nothing about him, his staybehind work, or the reasons for and security and other circumstances of his release.” ‘The CIA decided on the basis of his behavior that Ims was a security risk, especially as the Agency had already decided to trim Kopp’s stay-behind network and he knew many of the remaining agents by name. “It was felt,” wrote a CIA officer in October 1952, “[that] emigration was the best solution to our security problem.” See attached document. The Ims case reveals that in the early 1950s, the CIA ran a program to resettle some of its problem agents in Australia and Canada. According to this program, Australia offered to pay the travel costs of these people, while the CIA provided a resettlement “bonus.” The Agency arranged a meeting for Ims at the Australian Consulate General ‘on October 13, 1952. CIA noted that if the Australians refused to take him, “the HARVARD Unit will attempt to emigrate him to Canada or possibly to the United States.” As it tumed out Australia did refuse to take him and so he was given to the Canadians. It is not known whether Ottawa paid for Ims to go to Canada. Exactly two years later, on October 13, 1954, a Canadian government official identified only as “the Canadian Minister” was to meet with Allen Dulles to discuss 35 ex-CIA assets that had been resettled in Canada, including Horst Ims. On October 7, aCIA officer wrote “Canadian minister to see Dulles ~ Tuesday ~ Oct. 13 re immigration of intell agents in Canada. EE/DE [querying] field (HARVARD) andvarious desks for names (Minister supposedly will present 35 names to Dulles).” See attached document. The available declassified materials do not indicate the other 34 names, nor do they contain a list of names of ex-CIA agents resettled in Australia in the early 1950s. There is also no evidence in the Kibitz materials on the outcome of the meeting between Allen Dulles and the Canadian representative. However evidence from 1955 suggests that at least Ims stayed in Canada. In May 1955, a “GEM” noted that the CIA’s Canadian desk (WEJ6) had taken Ims’ file because “WEJ6 is having the files of all ex-agents who were immigrated to Canada consolidated.” * In April 1953, the CIA briefed Hans Globke, Konrad Adenauer’s chief national security adviser, in general terms on US stay-behind operations in Germany. With the exception of the few remaining Kibitz agents that the CIA kept running, the US government pledged to leave this activity to the Germans themselves and to finance a West German stay-behind system, * The Kibitz project was formally dropped in 1955, though three stay-behind agents remained active, Detailed information on the CIA’s Pastime stay-behind operation in Berlin has yet to be declassified. IL, Some of the releases have added significant detail to previously released files. As a result of these releases we now have information that suggests that West German intelligence could have captured fugitive war criminal Adolf Eichmann in the 1950sbut feared the consequences of what he might say about State Secretary Dr. Hans Globke, a highly-placed former Nazi in the Adenauer government. As a member of the “Jewish Affairs Department” of the interior ministry in the 1930s, Globke had assisted in the writing of the Nuremberg laws. In postwar West Germany, Globke was effectively Konrad Adenauer's national security adviser and the chancellor's principal contact with US intelligence. «In March 1958, the West German foreign intelligence service (the BND) reported to the CIA that since 1952 the notorious Holocaust administrator Adolf Eichmann had been living in Argentina under the alias CLEMENS. Eichmann’s actual alias was Klement but the BND’s information was close enough phonetically to have been used to find him. As it was not then US policy to pursue Nazi war criminals, the CIA did not act on the report. Although West Germany would attempt to extradite Josef Mengele from South America in 1959, it did not make a similar attempt to get Eichmann. Tragically at the moment the CIA and the BND had this information the Israclis were temporarily giving up their search for Eichmann in Argentina because they could not figure out his alias, Published memoirs by members of the Israeli intelligence service agree that as of September 1957 the Israelis suspected Eichmann was in Argentina but their source did not know what name he was living under. Neither the BND nor the CIA, it appears, provided the CLEMENS lead to the Israelis. See attached document,* InSeptember 1960, at the request of the West German government, the CIA persuaded Life magazine to delete any reference to Hans Globke from excerpts of Adolf Eichmann’s memoir that the magazine had purchased and was preparing for publication. Eichmann had been captured earlier in the year by the Israelis in Buenos Aires and his family had sold the rights to his memoir to pay for his defense. On September 20, 1960, Director of Central Intelligence Allen Dulles reported to Reinhard Geblen, the head of the BND: “Life believes have entire material amounting to 600 pages, 40 in Bickmann handwriting. Life contract allows resale as they see fit except to Israel. Life has not advised Israel, apparently does not intend to. Entire material has been read. One obscure mention of Globke which Life omitting at our request.” See attached document. Life published the excerpts in November and December 1960. © Fearing what Eichmann might say at his trial about Globke, Gehlen came to the United States in April 1961 to report in person to Allen Dulles that he had sensitive evidence from Eichmann’s defense team that the Nazi war criminal had “converted” to communism while in Israeli custody. The West Germans hoped the US would use this information to launch a worldwide campaign to denounce Eichmann as a tool of Soviet propaganda. CIA analysts rejected the allegation as implausible. June 6, 2006Disearen No, BaBe 322 cua EER Ran TON 2 one, 24 Oototer 7% Guat, - OW Bice, ri am: Sa SUG comm comastontt/cast of Ban Ss sraare— Op: spos. REP BOPA-313 2, XIBIT2-171 was a Wr instructor in the KIBITZ-I$ Net froa October 29H umtEl June 1952, He was originally recruited ty KIBTEALE and C "I 2 Prior to his exploynent as a fulltine ¥/T instmuctor ‘fer KIBITZ, subject was employed W' Rhine lilitary Post, Kaieerelavtern in the Sigadl Section, At the tin of Bis exployuent, arrangeneats mare sade with fnine Post to have his rehired by then when he would no longer be af oparationel use to us, Such mrangenents ware leidvon through I SUDA In guns of this year, we decided that subject wae untuitable for intelLigensy oom ations an Should be dropped. June, duly and August of this voar were svent trying to have KIDING- 171 rendred by Raine Malstary Posts “FP carried on all dis (uasions with thedhier cf Personnel, Mhine Poot. DG to the cutdom of Andigenous personnel ouployed by military sngtalations in Gersany and the fact that KIBITZ171's inadqquacios wore also kiow ty the Sigua Sectie at, Bhine Fost, we wore told — despite tein promise to rehire Ra — that nine Post could cot re-omphoy KIBIN1/1. Ls The undarasane then took the KISITZ-I71 case to the HARVARD Unit and spoke with Ali, In Septenber, RARVARD was ssked (BIA-95, ‘fe Sol only) to try to get IBITZ-172 a job in’Germany and at the sane tine Lay on necessary azrangenents for possible enigration, It ww fa1# thar enigration vas the best solution to our security probion. A, ‘during September, sav a chance to have KIPITZ-171 enigrate to Australia. (Their attempts to get him a Job on the German economy vere not started due ‘to the chance of his possible enigration in the very near future.) Bs 00 8 Ceteber, 1982, A, unter the alias of te. Hendeicks, get EIBMZ-271 for the first tine. an excellent. toales Job" oo wig” KOTO should exigrate to Australing had boon done at undersignad's direction peor viously by KISITZ-15. KIBIREA71 was agreesble to emigrating to huntrttiny only queotioning the Job and personal security situstion these saping Ore be did not want to beaoae just an ordinary laborer, but wanted terete ie hia ‘wotession — the Radto/Blectroaic field. Arrangesents ere bade Sy. to save XIBITZ-171 ost, the Australian Gonmilate Generel a Frankfurt on 13 Ootober 1952, This KIBITZ-I71 did and we are now eraiting the menien Vfe3 unrwo-1 SECRERI ih 5 2 tor BBFCURITY INEQRIMATION - & a ~ ee NAZi WAR CRIMES DISCLOSURE ACT Deciassified and Approved for Release EMETIONS Section 9) byte Coal it gence Agency Privacy yl 3 Oe eC souces Bal tod (2)(G) Foreign Relationsae SECRET . i pnd a seCURITY INFORMATION fenigration application. If the Australians do not take KIBITZ-171, ‘the HARVARD Unit will attempt to onigrate his to Canada or possibly to the United States. If KIBTM2AI/ enigrates to Australia, his passage will be paid by tho Australien Goverment in connection with PITUE. Passage to ‘Other countries will be taken care of by KINVIRD or countries involved, i in audition, C "O has intimated to KINIT@-171 that he will bo gira & ‘seal Moonus" upoi emigration to aid him to start his new 1if¢ 6. Reasons for diepeeal of KIBENO-ITL ave Subject is imature and has a personality not suited to clandestine activities, ile ain faults are his lack of regard for money and nis ac~ Srastion to sexbere of the opposite sex. i be original control of subject and his operational activities are ot considered to have been eocure in that oubject learned too may true Adentities of his studenta (other ¥/T opsretora in the KIEIIZ-15 Net). e+ Operationalty, the KIBIFZ-15 Het is teing slomd dom and wo have no Rirther need of subject's services, 4, Because of the sensitive nature of the Staybebind Program and i (a), (b) and (c) sbove, subject's ovscustion fran Germany would hare to be i scoomplisted st the outurenk of hostilities, For better security tow and elintnation of evacuation problems, it ie recommaded that he be exigsated St once. Te RISTTZI7L lars the followings DICLATE W/ procedure ind trs W/E Operations Dats ee rT is fantliar with TRol, RS-6, Ri, Bud Oseilistor, kal, MP1 S71, Bali crater, crypto system and aignal'plan systes. NOE: "AL equipaent that os used ty KIEHUAI/ fn hie duties an Instructor, Ras been taken emay frow his. b., Subject knows the following staff W/t instructors: Ja eS Te v= Sia uaknows. G4 Subject also knons the following etaf personnets C. Las wichitas Fesslary ‘Wias Danis fe Denn; Tyas Rivard warteans and oT a George. 4s Subject tmows the Zoliowing safe houses — ali of which are going to be vacated by KITE within Ue tex Mosth: Woidelvers on Sotee { aches Strasse 565 Uln — Galgentergwog 20; Unterschondort ~~ Bataliot $2» 10. + Subieet inom operational vohsclen ats. aot © Bios 2. “Riso the cit use c Jreten 6 nas, te SECRET SECURITY INFORMATIONSECRET SECURITY INFORMATION f, Subject none: 2 as Ur. Hendricks wo will © only StafT personnel sowing subject fron now on. g- Subfect knows KIBITZ-15 by true nane and all personal data, and exactly hat KIEME-IS ie doing for uss hh. the wife of IIBINZ-136 ie KIGITZ-I71's stater. KIETI-36 19 gue of KIDITZ-15'2 favorite "tear leadero™ and confidant.” KISTTZ-I7i koma D ‘oat KIBINZ-136 1 in the RIBITZA1S tet and vice-ver 4. MEIN aso mows toe F011 nts An the KTBIT2-15 Wat: (other than HSHYAI6 int PETRUS ty belletee tat Sot oe Listed below know EISITZ-171 as Vans’ Schaetter) KIBITI-1S0 — Uy true name and all. personal data XIBINZ-127 — by erie name but not address IBTTZ-156 — by troe nane but not sddzeas MEBINU-1A — by first name only HIBITZ-17) — by true nane, tut not address RIBIT-L7T — by true mane’ and addres KIBIGE-100 — by finet ene RIDTW-102 — by signe HIIT2-190 — by sgt MOBTTE-192 — by ful nave end ol personch data KISITZ-197 — by state EBINZ-190 — uy tre nane and 12 personel data IDIT7-199/200 = ty true nan ant all persone) data KIBITGAUS & 165 —py true naaej horever, these egesta hive been dropped XIBIVG-171 bas not soen anyone sn KIBINZAIS Net, other then KIBTTZ-1S, since ono, hen he gave basic 1/1 ingtruction to KIBITZ-199/200. Tis I-nonth period hgs probably dulled nis sory eouowsat of nance ete. In eidition, RESITZ-25, whom MIBITZ-171 respacts quite a Bit, has given tin a severe security fecture and collected all notes, ate., be could frea KEBLE I. 8, tn BUFAWI97, we requested a nace check from CIS on subject and also necessary action by'CIC that they would withholé knowledge of subject's intelligence activities froa the hustralians or other coustrr recsestion a chack in regard to KIBITZ-171'¢ eaigration spplicetion’. ay Chiat CLS, infarsed undersigned vexbally that O10 had to record (other then ‘is KIBITE activities) of subject ani that they wold so svete whan any inquiries regarding bis eaigration ware made 3z Subject had false docvsents fumtshed hin by MTOPAZ in the name of Hans Schaeiter. These wers a Konnkarte ani driver'e license, ‘These have Been taken up ant are nov held in his file here. Subject realises thet Lis employeent as W/? instructor was a temporary position It te not felt thee SECRET SECURITY INFORMATIONSee SECRET SECURITY INFORMATION portion at e,A0Y problex with aubject, securtty-mise, Sf we keep our Tonoretogeemaerement with his that io, getting nin another fobtse, SEegrsine fo recent developnents, help hin'te enigrate and gett’ Testertige AZAD Hd rot ese a contract for Lie caployeent ac a/e TSE) CAey EL LIBIUAIS Not “Files herp indicate (HOMES, at Seema TEBE) thet aumdect mas hised ty verbal agreenent fr PAT Hera oo eE ee periodic increases up to 600 Di per month oe ee So oy howe so8 January 1952. We wild request slain tos subset ace hate Seatkase ye eae bent, aniVor resettled on Garman Eeonaay. “aAtSng wry continue to pay Mix until he Ls eaigrate! or rescteg® eco hyCORE, of MARTARD'® FRO Farts MMM II (dotasiing personal cata Be Sormartea te git attached far EE files. A cony of MAIO Re art Ae forwarded by BOPAGI3. SECRET SECURITY INFORMATIONNOTH HE/FIG £110 ox KYBIT171 sant te Meir 2~ 11 Servite Fale 2" oe oeein e SEE aS emer aoe se Winer | AME. + ovat ten Herbert his cL DATE © PLAGE OF BINT + 4 June 1924 ~ Osgershein ~ Ladvigabaven/inein DATE OF EMPLOWMENY UES CIA 1 Cetober 1952 | INTE OF OPR+s1TON & SUBIECT!S ACTIVITY + Staybeh{nd project —~ Subject used ao operator of clandestine radio-in Staybehin’ untt DATE TERMTUATED 4 CLRCUNSTANOYS reasons! uated June 1952 for the following + Imature end @ personelity not eulted to clandestine | activities. 2. Original control of subject and his. operutdona] activities are not considered to have been secure An that Sabject learned too my true identities of his fellow ¥/T students. 3s Because of the genaitive mature of the staybenind ‘progren and the above resgons, Subject 's evacurtion from Gernany vould hive be to accomplished et the outbronk of hostilities, | ALIAS ( TICLUDING DATES & CIRCIMSTANCES UNE! 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