DIN 10511 - English

DEUTSCHE NORM May 1999
DIN 10511
D
ICS 67.020; 97.040.40
Food hygiene –
Commercial glasswashing with glasswashing machines –
Hygiene requirements, testing
Lebensmittelhygiene –
Gewerbliches Gläserspülen mit Gläserspülmaschinen –
Hygienische Anforderungen, Prüfung
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Document comprises 27 pages
Translation by DIN-Sprachendienst.
In case of doubt, the German-language original should be consulted as the authoritative text.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
Contents Page
Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3
1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................3
2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................3
3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................4
4 Designation ............................................................................................................................................6
5 Requirements .........................................................................................................................................6
5.1 Requirements relating to construction materials...............................................................................6
5.2 Requirements relating to technical and functional features.............................................................6
5.3 Process requirements ...........................................................................................................................7
6 Requirements relating to detergents and rinse agents .....................................................................8
6.1 General....................................................................................................................................................8
6.2 Detergents/cleaning agents..................................................................................................................8
6.3 Rinse agents...........................................................................................................................................9
6.4 Dosage ....................................................................................................................................................9
7 Requirements relating to the glasses..................................................................................................9
7.1 General....................................................................................................................................................9
7.2 Recommendations relating to the shape and surface of the glasses..............................................9
8 Installation- and instruction handbook ...............................................................................................9
9 Marking ................................................................................................................................................ 10
Annex A (normative) Recommendations on the installation and operation of glass washing
machines ............................................................................................................................................. 11
Annex B (normative) Recommendations on treatment agents ................................................................... 12
Annex C (normative) Testing .......................................................................................................................... 13
Annex D (normative) Composition and preparation of DGWM, RGWM and the inactivation and
buffer solution..................................................................................................................................... 26
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DIN 10511:1999-05
Foreword
This standard has been prepared by Working Group Hygienische Anforderungen an das gewerbliche
Geschirrspülen of the Normenausschuss Lebensmittel und landwirtschaftliche Produkte (Food and
Agricultural Products Standards Committee).
1 Scope
This standard specifies hygiene requirements relating to the design, construction and operation of commercial
glasswashing machinery and in particular provides the user with information on hygienic and proper operation,
on decontamination of glasses and on care and maintenance of the machinery. It describes the procedures of
type testing, daily routine inspections and process inspections in practical use.
2 Normative references
This standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed below. In
the case of dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. In the case of undated references, the
last edition of the referenced publication shall apply.
DIN 10503, Food hygiene — Terminology
DIN 10510:1996-09, Food hygiene — Commercial dishwashing with multitank transport dishwashers —
Hygiene requirements, procedure testing
DIN 10514, Food hygiene — Hygiene training
DIN 10960, Apparatus for sensory analysis — Wine testing glasses
DIN 12331, Laboratory glassware — Beakers
[1] Verordnung über Trinkwasser und über Wasser für Lebensmittelbetriebe (Trinkwasserverordnung —
TrinkwV) (German Drinking Water Ordinance) as of 5 December 1990, BGBI. (German Federal Law
Gazette) I, 1990, No. 66, pp. 2613–26291)
[2] Verordnung über Lebensmittelhygiene und zur Änderung der Lebensmitteltransportbehälter-Verordnung

(LMVH) (German regulation on food hygiene and amendment of the German food transport container
regulation) as of 5 August 1997, BGBl. (German Federal Law Gazette) I, 1997, No. 56, pp. 2008–20151)
[3] Gesetz über die Umweltverträglichkeit von Wasch- und Reinigungsmitteln (Wasch- und Reinigungs-
mittelgesetz) (German Washing and Cleansing Agents Act) as of 5 March 1987, BGBI. (German Federal
Law Gazette) I, 1987, No. 20, pp. 875–8791)
1) Obtainable from Deutsches Informationszentrum für technische Regeln (DITR) in DIN, 10772 Berlin
(office address: Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787 Berlin).
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DIN 10511:1999-05
3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions in DIN 10503 and the following apply:
3.1
glasses
drinking vessels made of glass as normally used in the catering trade
3.2
glasswashing machine (GWM)
for the purposes of this standard, a machine commercially used for washing glasses, this machine having a
spray mechanism, a reservoir tank in which the detergent solution is collected and a final hot fresh-water
rinsing system. The glasses are cleaned by the action of the detergent solution circulating in the glasswasher.
The cleaning process is followed by a rinsing cycle using a rinse agent solution. The in-flowing rinse agent
solution also regenerates the cleaning solution
3.3
treatment agents for glasswashing machines
agents (products) which serve to clean, disinfect, rinse and descale glasses being cleaned in a glasswashing
machine
3.3.1
cleaning agent/detergent for glasswashing machines
agent (product) which serves to remove contaminants from the surface of glasses and which counteracts
recontamination of the glasses by material in the detergent solution
3.3.2
rinse agent for glasswashing machines
agent (product) which lowers the surface tension of the water and promotes optimum wetting of the glasses
which have been cleaned, thus improving drying performance (creation of a rinsing water film). Also referred
to as rinse aid
3.3.3
descaling agent for glasswashing machines
product based on various acids and/or acid salts and which is used to remove lime-scale and/or mixed lime
and/or calcium phosphate and magnesium phosphate deposits in the glasswashing machine
3.3.4
disinfection component for glasswashing machines
agent (product) either already contained in the glasswashing machine cleaning agent (detergent), or added to
this in order to achieve a disinfecting effect
3.4
Solutions and films of treatment agents
3.4.1
cleaning agent/detergent solution for glasswashing machines
water used in the glasswashing machine and to which a certain amount of cleaning agent/detergent has been
added
3.4.2
rinse agent solution for glasswashing machines
heated fresh water used in the glasswashing machine and to which a certain amount of rinse agent has been
added
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DIN 10511:1999-05
3.4.3
rinse agent film
fine, unbroken film of water on the surface of the glasses which enables fast drying without leaving spots or
streaks
3.5
Water quality
3.5.1
fresh water
untreated, softened, partially softened or fully de-ionized water taken from the drinking water supply. The
water can normally be processed by ion exchange or reverse osmosis processes [DIN 10510:1996-09]
3.5.2
processed water
water which has been subjected to a process to modify its ingredients. A distinction is made between
processes for softening the water and processes for reducing the overall salt content
3.5.3
softened water
water from which the hardness ions/minerals have been removed by cation exchange processes in a water
softening plant without reducing the overall salt content. The precipitation of water-insoluble salts is prevented
3.5.4
demineralized water
water from which the entire salt content has been removed by ion exchange processes
3.6
contact time
period for which the glasses are in contact with the detergent solution
3.7
programme cycle
washing process which starts with cleaning and ends after fresh-water rinsing
3.8
cleaning system of glasswashing machine

entire cleaning apparatus comprising connecting pipes, jets, nozzles and spray pipes. A distinction is made
between rigid and moving systems
3.8.1
detergent circulation
process during which the detergent solution, which is kept heated to the nominal temperature, is sprayed onto
the surface of the glasses by means of a pump unit in order to clean the glasses by removing contamination
3.8.2
fresh-water rinsing
final rinsing process before drying, with the aim of wetting the glasses with a rinse agent solution and
removing any remaining contamination and detergent residues
3.9
interior of glasswashing machine
space encompassing all parts of the glasswashing machine which come into contact with the detergent and
rinse agent and/or the glasses as intended
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DIN 10511:1999-05
3.10
exterior of glasswashing machine
space encompassing all parts of the glasswashing machine which do not come into contact with the detergent
and rinse agent (e.g. pedestals, adjustable feet, handles, casing) but which are accessible from outside
3.11
pre-cleaning
emptying of the glasses and removal of major residue etc. before placing the glasses in the glasswasher racks
3.12
decontamination
cleaning and disinfecting of glasses
3.13
recontamination
undesirable re-soiling of glasses between the end of the rinsing process and further use of the glasses, and
which impairs the washing results
4 Designation
Glasswashing machines (German – GLSM) which conform to the hygiene requirements (H) of this standard
are given the designation:
GLSM DIN 10511 – H
5 Requirements
5.1 Requirements relating to construction materials
In terms of hygiene, the materials used in the design and construction of glasswashers shall be both
serviceable, ageing resistant and corrosion resistant under normal conditions of use, these conditions being:
⎯ on the interior: contact with beverage remnants, detergent solutions, disinfectant solutions, rinse agent
solutions, descaling agent solution;
⎯ on the exterior: contact with water, cleaning agents, disinfectants, cleaning and care products.
5.2 Requirements relating to technical and functional features
It shall be possible to place the glasses easily into the baskets in the intended optimum position. For this
purpose, the shape and size of the glasses and the baskets shall be suited to one another.
The washing mechanism shall be designed in such a way that the glasses are fully and adequately wetted
and contacted by detergent solution, so that an adequate cleaning effect is achieved.
The final freshwater rinsing mechanism shall be large and powerful enough to fully contact and wet the
glasses. A sufficient amount of rinse agent shall be used. During the rinse process, the rinse agent solution
shall access all parts of the glasses in order to rinse off residue detergent solution fully and allow the formation
of a rinse agent film. A sufficient amount of rinsing water shall be used since this also serves to regenerate the
detergent solution.
The interior of the glasswashing machine shall be easily accessible for cleaning, disinfection and maintenance
purposes.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
The heating elements shall be large enough to ensure that adequate energy is permanently available during
operation to keep the temperature of the detergent solution and the rinse agent solution constant.
All parts which have to be removed from the machine for cleaning (e.g. sieves and parts of the rinsing
mechanism) shall be easily accessible and easy to clean. It shall be possible to return them easily to their
correct position.
5.3 Process requirements
5.3.1 General
Decontamination, the cleanliness resulting from this and the hygienically safe condition of the glasses are
determined by interaction of the following main factors:
⎯ type and shape of the glasses and the glasswasher racks and baskets;
⎯ length of time for which the beverage remains have been allowed to dry on the glasses;
⎯ type and amount of beverage remains;
⎯ manual pre-cleaning;
⎯ temperature;
⎯ contact time;
⎯ mechanics;
⎯ water quality and water volume;
⎯ type and concentration of the treatment agents;
⎯ final freshwater rinsing;
⎯ drying.
5.3.2 Hygiene requirements
Glasses washed in a glasswashing machine shall achieve a hygienically safe condition as a result of the
cleaning procedure. Chemical and physical parameters interact to achieve this. The glasses are dried outside
of the machine.
The condition of the washed glasses shall meet the following general requirements:
a) The glasses shall be optically clean.
b) The outside of the glasses shall be dry 2 minutes after being removed from the glasswasher basket,
whereby remaining droplets on the base and a remnant dampness inside the glass may be tolerated.
c) The final rinsing water shall have drinking water quality in terms of colony count.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
d) A decontamination performance of 5 log10 stages shall be achieved for 90 % of the glasses according to
the procedure described in C.3, and/or in examinations using the wipe-test method, and no more than
5 cfu2) per 10 cm2 may occur on the glasses when using the procedure described in C.3.
e) The colony count in the detergent solution shall not exceed 200 cfu/ml as a standard value and 500 cfu/ml
shall be considered to be a critical value.
5.3.3 Water quality
Particular demands shall be placed on the water quality since this has a considerable effect on the overall
washing results. Tap water of drinking water quality pursuant to the Drinking Water Ordinance [1] does not
usually meet the requirements placed on machine glasswashing in respect of hardness and other mineral
contents. The water almost always has to be processed to obtain softened and/or demineralized water in
order to prevent lime scale in the machine and deposits on the glasses. The operator is responsible for
ensuring that water processing equipment used is in proper working order.
5.3.4 Temperature
Operation of a glasswashing machine requires a constant supply of energy. For reasons of hygiene, it is not
permissible to switch off heating elements temporarily to avoid electrical peak loads (operation at partial load)
as this would involve a reduction of the temperature.
For reasons of hygiene, the temperature in the detergent tank shall be at least 55 °C. Since temperature has a
considerable influence on the durability and serviceability of drinking glasses, the temperature of the detergent
solution should not significantly exceed 60 °C. The temperature of the rinse agent solution should be
(65 ± 2) °C.
Under special conditions, e.g. increased infection risk, higher temperatures shall be used in the glasswashing
machine, and/or the use of disinfection components shall be recommended.
5.3.5 Contact time
Glasswashing machines normally have several programme cycles. It shall be possible to fulfil the hygiene
requirements set down in 5.3.2 with the shortest programme cycle. A contact time of 90 s is considered
suitable to obtain a hygienically safe washing result.
6 Requirements relating to detergents and rinse agents
6.1 General
Normally, in order to achieve a good washing result, a product combination should be used which applies a
detergent in the decontamination phase and a rinse agent in the rinsing phase. Under certain circumstances,
e.g. in the case of increased infection risk, the use of both detergents and disinfectant components is
recommended.
6.2 Detergents/cleaning agents
In keeping with their task in the washing process, detergents shall ensure thorough removal of all beverage
and lipstick residues and other forms of contamination/soiling in order to achieve a clean, hygienically safe
glass. The final freshwater rinsing process shall remove all residue detergent solutions from the glasses (see
notes in Annex B).
2) cfu: colony forming unit
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DIN 10511:1999-05
6.3 Rinse agents
The rinse agent is added to the final rinsing water (freshwater rinsing) and shall ensure droplet-free wetting of
the decontaminated glasses, thus assisting fast, streak-free drying.
Only technically unavoidable residues of the rinse agent may be left on the glasses. These shall not impair the
taste or odour of beverages in any way. These remains shall not have a detrimental effect on beer foam (see
notes in Annex B).
6.4 Dosage
Dosing devices shall operate precisely and faultlessly and shall ensure that the specially adapted
concentrations of detergent and rinse agent remain constant throughout the entire process.
7 Requirements relating to the glasses
7.1 General
For reasons of hygiene, drinking glasses used in commercial and communal catering facilities should be
decontaminated using machines. At the same time they should remain serviceable for as long as possible. As
a rule of thumb, the glass should survive at least 500 programme cycles without incurring any visible damage.
Decor and patterns should survive at least 250 programme cycles without any discernible major colour
changes in decor and patterns.
NOTE For practical and aesthetic reasons, drinking glasses are manufactured in many shapes and designs. The
basic material, glass, can be produced in various different compositions, this having a characteristic effect on the
hydrolytic stability of the glass during later use. Glasses are often decorated, with various techniques being used: etching,
cutting, polishing, inorganic screen printing followed by curing as well as silicate fusing of decors to the main glass.
7.2 Recommendations relating to the shape and surface of the glasses
Glasses should have the following qualities:
⎯ a smooth, dense surface;

⎯ wide openings;
⎯ no distinct fused lips;
⎯ no protrusions;
⎯ no deep hollows in the base;
⎯ stability when stood on end;
⎯ as little glass mass as possible.
Failure to follow the aforesaid recommendations may impair the hygienic safety (see LMHV [2]).
8 Installation- and instruction handbook

The manufacturer shall provide an installation- and instruction handbook for each glasswashing machine.
These shall include the following:
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DIN 10511:1999-05
a) installation instructions;
b) instruction handbook with requirements on
⎯ initial commissioning;
⎯ on-going operation;
⎯ cleaning and disinfection of the machine;
⎯ care and maintenance;
⎯ action to be taken in case of disturbances and faults;
⎯ measures to be taken in case of lengthy interruptions;
c) information for use (see Annex A (normative)).
9 Marking
Every glasswashing machine which has passed type testing may have a permanent type label affixed to it in a
clearly visible location. The label may include the following details:
a) name of manufacturer and/or a registered trademark;
b) type designation;
c) DIN 10511 – H or, where applicable, a DIN mark of conformity.

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DIN 10511:1999-05
Annex A
(normative)
Recommendations on the installation and operation of glass washing

machines
A.1 General
This annex contains notes on the proper and appropriate installation and operation of glasswashing machines
required in order to ensure compliance with hygiene requirements with regard to glasses.
The instructions of the machine manufacturer shall be followed. The supplied instructions for use cannot
possibly cover all eventualities and therefore do not release the operator from his/her normal responsibilities
involved in operating technical equipment. It shall be assumed that the operating staff has received
appropriate instruction and knows how to handle the glasswashing machine. Adherence to rules regarding
personal hygiene is essential (see DIN 10514).
A.2 Manual pre-cleaning and loading of the machine

Glasses are to be washed as soon as possible following their use. Beverage residue shall not be allowed to
dry on the glass for longer than 2 hours. Beverage residue shall not be emptied into the machine.
The glasses shall be loaded into the baskets according to the instructions for use.
A.3 Preparation and storage for further use

Washed glasses shall not be dried or polished manually subsequent to washing. The operator shall ensure
proper storage to avoid recontamination of the glasses up to the time of their further use.
A.4 Planning of facilities

When planning catering facilities, care should be taken to provide enough space in the vicinity of the
glasswashing machine to keep used and washed glasses separately from each other, and to provide sufficient
space to allow washed glasses to dry naturally. Additional space is to be provided for manual pre-cleaning
and water processing.
A.5 Operational and functional safety

The operational and functional safety of the glasswashing machines is to be ensured by permanent function
monitoring and regular maintenance as specified in the manufacturer’s instructions.
A.6 Cleaning following operating/production intervals and when closing down for
the day
When closing down operations for the day (week, etc.), the glasswashing machine shall be emptied, cleaned
thoroughly and left standing open in accordance with the instruction handbook.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
Annex B
(normative)
Recommendations on treatment agents
B.1 Detergent/cleaning agent

The detergent is normally made up of mildly alkaline components.
Where necessary, additional oxidizing components may be used to achieve a decontaminating effect and to
help decompose ink, lipstick colouring and tanning agent residues. General decontamination performance can
be enhanced by the use of an active chlorine component or other disinfecting components.
Complex-forming and dispersing additives may consist of polymer phosphates or organic phosphate
substitutes. These counteract the precipitation of dissolved minerals and prevent deposition of insoluble
components on the glasses.
Tensides used in the rinsing process shall not cause foaming and shall be biologically degradable pursuant to
the provisions of the Wasch- und Reinigungsmittelgesetz [3]. The detergent should be composed in such a
way that corrosion of the actual glass and the decor and patterns is kept to a minimum.
B.2 Rinse agents

Rinse agents are based on low-foam, non-ionic tensides and are either pH-neutral or acidic by nature, organic
acids being used to improve the rinsing performance. The aim of adding rinse agents to the rinsing water is to
achieve a uniform wetting/coating of the glass surfaces, this being necessary in order to ensure that the rinse
agent solution runs off properly and the glasses dry without streaks developing. Residual water on the glasses
presents a hygiene risk since it allows the proliferation of micro-organisms.
Foam development in the glasswashing machine is to be avoided by the proper choice of tensides for the
rinse agent, since foam can reduce the mechanical effect and thus impair the decontamination performance in
the mechanical washing process.
Technically unavoidable rinse agent residues on the glasses shall not impair the stability of beer foam.
B.3 Descaling/decalcifying agents

Micro-organisms can multiply in deposits inside the glasswashing machine or on the glasses and this can
become a hygiene problem. If deposits occur as the result of dosages being too low, or due to the formation of
foam, due to deviations from the desired water quality or due to precipitation of hardness minerals, the cause
of the fault is to be eliminated and the deposits removed as quickly as possible. The machines need to be
descaled. Special descaling agents are available for this purpose.
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Annex C
(normative)
Testing
C.1 General
Microbiological on-site tests may only be carried out by persons with sufficient expertise and know-how. This
also applies to water sampling, wipe tests, etc.
The results shall be shown in the form of a table on record sheets 1 to 4.
Users are permitted to reproduce record sheets 1 to 4.
C.2 Types of test

a) type test;
b) daily routine inspection;
c) procedure testing during practical operation.
C.2.1 Type test
The aim of the type test is to prove that a glasswashing machine operated in accordance with the instruction
handbook meets the hygiene requirements specified in 5.3.2.
C.2.2 Daily routine inspection
Daily routine inspection consists of the operator testing the functions in accordance with the instruction
handbook.
C.2.3 Procedure testing during practical operation
It is recommended that the operator carries out procedure testing during practical operation as part of his duty
of care, especially if there is any suspicion of dissatisfactory functioning.
If procedure testing during practical operation is carried out, this should include the following checks:
visible cleanliness and dryness of the glasses, wipe tests on the glasses as described in C.3.3.3 as soon as
the rinsing process has been concluded, and microbiological testing of the rinse agent solution as described in
C.3.3.5 and the detergent solution as described in C.3.3.4.
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C.3 Test procedure
C.3.1 Procedure for type test
C.3.1.1 General
The type test comprises the visual inspection of the test glasses for cleanliness and dryness, and testing of
the decontamination performance under defined conditions using two standardized test glasses, the test
treatment agents DGWM3) and RGWM3) and the shortest programme cycle.
C.3.1.2 Water quality
Water with a conductivity of < 50 µS/cm shall be used for the entire procedure.
C.3.1.3 Test glasses
Beakers as specified in DIN 12331 – H250

Form T1 wine tasting glass as specified in DIN 109604)
For the type test, glasses which are in good condition and have no signs of wear and tear shall be used. The
glasses shall be clean, free of grease and capable of being wetted.
Cleaning can be carried out using a glasswashing machine with the test detergent, for example. It is
recommended that cleaning be carried out three times in succession.
After the final cycle, the glasses are taken out of the machine and placed with the opening facing upwards for
natural drying.
C.3.1.4 Test detergent DGWM and test rinse agent RGWM
The test detergent DGWM consists of potassium hydroxide, sodium silicate (water glass) and potassium
tripolyphospate and was developed specially for type testing (see Annex D for preparation).
The test rinse agent RGWM was developed specially for type testing and consists of non-ionic tensides and
citric acid (see Annex D for preparation).
NOTE DGWM and RGWM are not commercially available.
C.3.1.5 Test soil
Reconstituted skimmed milk is used for preparation of the test soil (preparation according to C.5.3.3).
C.3.1.6 Test organism and test soiling medium
E. faecium ATCC5) 6057 is used as the test organism. The bacteria are added to reconstituted skimmed milk.
The colony count of the test soiling medium shall be more than 1 × 108 cfu per ml and less than 1 × 109 cfu
per ml.
3) Detergent (RGLSM) and rinse agent (KGLSM) for testing glasswashing machines
4) Corresponds to cup (“elongated egg”) shaped glass with stem as specified in ISO 3591:1977 Sensory analysis –
Apparatus – Wine tasting glass.
5) ATCC: American Type Culture Collection.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
C.3.1.7 Contamination of the test glasses with test soiling medium
The test glasses are filled with the test soiling medium and then emptied again. The rim is contaminated
specially according to C.5.3.3. The residues are allowed to dry on the glasses for 2 h at room temperature
between 20 °C and 24 °C and a relative humidity of 50 % to 70 %.
The position of the glasses in the glasswasher baskets shall be documented. When the programme cycle has
been completed, the test glasses are removed under aseptic conditions and evaluated according to C.5.3.5.
C.3.1.8 Decontamination test
The glasswasher baskets are to be filled completely with the test glasses. The programme parameters shall
be measured and entered in the record sheet. They shall be the same for all programme cycles.
The following parameters shall be checked and documented:

⎯ temperature of the detergent solution and the rinse agent solution before the programme cycle is started;
⎯ concentration of detergent in the detergent solution;
⎯ water quality (conductivity).
The number of test glasses shall be recorded in the record sheet. The positions of the glasses shall be
marked in the schematic diagram, e.g. B1, B2 etc., W1, W2 etc.
Three programme cycles shall be carried out consecutively with an intermediate change of water and a
disinfection step, for each test glass.
After each of the three programme cycles, a disinfection component on the basis of active chlorine is added to
the detergent solution, whereby a concentration of at least 10 mg active chlorine per litre is to be achieved in
the solution. The machine is then disinfected with the basket, but without test glasses, in a complete
programme cycle. Finally, the detergent solution is drained off and the machine refilled with water. Once the
set temperature has been achieved, another full programme cycle is run and the tank emptied. Now a further
test can be carried out.
The liquid detergent DGWM is used in a solution with a mass concentration of 1,5 g/l. Pre-dosage and final
dosing may be carried out either using the integrated dosing device or manually. The test rinse agent RGWM
is added to the fresh water using the existing dosage mechanism and adjusted empirically so that the glasses
are fully wetted.
The glasses are first checked visually and then microbiologically in accordance with C.5.3.4. The results are
listed in detail in the test report, making reference to the position diagram.
C.3.1.9 Evaluation and assessment of results
C.3.1.9.1 Recording of results and test report
All the data collected simultaneously with the test, e.g. concentration of detergent in the detergent solution,
temperatures, contact times, water quality (measured conductivity) etc., as well as the programme cycle, are
to be entered in record sheet 1.
Record sheets 1 and 2 are used to present the data and individual results.
The position of the test glasses is entered in the position diagram and record sheet 1. If the glasses are
stacked in two different ways in the glasswasher, two position diagrams shall be filled out accordingly.
The results of the visual test for cleanliness and degree of dryness are entered in record sheet 2.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
The microbiological tests are evaluated as described under C.5.3. The used culture media and microbiological
processes shall be stated. The reduction factors are calculated separately for each test glass. The basis of
calculation are the initial colony counts of two test glasses of each kind of glass. Here, too, record sheet 2 is
used to present the individual results.
C.3.1.9.2 Test report and assessment
All measurements, machine and programme data shall be entered in the test report. The test report shall
contain an overall assessment.
The assessment can be made on record sheet 2 or in a separate test report.
The record sheets and a technical description of the glasswashing machine shall be attached to the test
report. All data collected in conjunction with the test, e.g. concentration of the detergent in the detergent
solution, temperatures, contact times, water quality (measured conductivity) etc., as well as the programme
cycle shall be entered in the record sheet.
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DIN 10511:1999-05
Record sheet 1: Parameters for type testing
Cycle 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Type of glass B B B W W W
Concentration detergent g/l
Temperature in °C
of detergent solution:
of rinse agent solution:
Programme code:
Contact time with
detergent solution:
Water quality:
Rinsing water volume
per batch:
Programme code, contact time, water quality and rinse agent volume per batch can be entered under 0 if
these data are the same for all six cycles.
Record sheet 1: Position diagram
Type of glass: Positions
Row
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3
5
+ optically clean ++ slight soiling +++ soiled
Documents relating to the machine

⎯ manufacturer;
⎯ type designation;
⎯ serial number;
⎯ electrical connections;
⎯ equipment (water preparation, type of glass baskets);
⎯ detailed data sheet.
The glass baskets are filled according to the operating instructions. The glasses are placed next to each other
in individual rows and are numbered for the evaluation. The position diagram shall be extended accordingly if
more than 8 glasses can be placed next to each other in a rack, and/or there are more than 5 rows in the
glass basket.
17
DIN 10511:1999-05
Record sheet 2: Assessment of the type test
Type of glass tested: Test cycle

Glass no. 1 2 3
C DD cfu RF C DD cfu RF C DD cfu RF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Initial bacteria count per test glass:
1.
2.
C cleanliness: assessment acc. to 5.3.2: + good ++ satisfactory +++ not satisfactory
DD degree of dryness: assessment acc. to 5.3.2: + good ++ satisfactory +++ not satisfactory
cfu cfu per glass
RF logarithmic decimal reduction factor
Assessments
Assessment beaker-type glass:
Assessment wine tasting glass:
Overall assessment:
18
DIN 10511:1999-05
C.3.2 Daily routine inspection procedure
Daily routine inspection means that the operator checks all functions in accordance with the instructions for
use. This includes checking the operating temperature at the start of operations and during operation,
checking optical cleanliness and the dryness of the glasses, cleanliness of the glasswashing machine and the
surroundings (draining boards, baskets and cupboards/closets). Apart from this, the glasswashing machine
should be free of deposits. The detergent and rinse agent consumption shall be recorded. The measured or
otherwise determined data and findings are to be entered in an operation log-book.
It is recommended that work instructions (a standard operating procedure) be drawn up for operating staff.
The staff is to be instructed accordingly (see LMHV [2]).
C.3.3.1 General
Procedure testing during practical operation comprises visual inspection of the glasses for cleanliness and
dryness, checking the microbiological state/condition of the glasses washed under the given conditions, and
determining the colony count in the detergent solution and the rinse agent solution.
C.3.3.2 Visual inspection
At least 10 glasses are removed from different positions in the glasswasher basket. Cleanliness and degree of
dryness are evaluated and entered in record sheet 3. The position diagram in record sheet 1, for example, can
be used for entering the positions.
C.3.3.3 Wipe tests
The wipe tests are carried out on the same glasses subjected for visual inspection and should preferably
focus on the rims of the glasses. For this test, sampling devices coated with the casein-peptone soymeal-
peptone agar (CSA) culture medium or similar shall be used. At least 10 tests are to be carried out. These are
evaluated in accordance with C.5.1.
C.3.3.4 Microbiological testing of detergent solution

The detergent solution sample is taken at the end of the programme cycle. A sample of approx. 100 ml
detergent solution is taken from the tank under aseptic conditions and poured into a sterilized bottle. The
samples are then further cooled and transported to the laboratory in a cooled condition. This solution is used
to determine the total colony count. The samples shall be processed immediately. If this is not possible,
determination of the colony count shall be carried out in-situ.
Directly after sampling and before the start of colony count determination, the pH value shall be checked to
ensure that it is between pH = 5 and pH = 7,2. If this is not the case, the solution shall be neutralized. Any
existing disinfection components shall be inactivated as soon as samples have been taken.
NOTE Mildly alkaline detergents without active chlorine are normally used in practice. In order to ensure inactivation
of any disinfectant components on the basis of active chlorine or active oxygen on all accounts, it is recommended that
sodium thiosulfate solution be added to the sample bottles at a ratio of 5 ml of 0,1 mol/l to 100 ml detergent solution. In
order to achieve a pH value of 5 to 7,2, a mildly alkaline solution, e.g. 0,15 % solution of test detergent DGWM and 5 ml
sterile buffer solution can be added in addition.
In all events, the pH value setting shall be checked again. The inactivation and buffer solutions shall be taken
into account in the calculations (see Annex D).
19
DIN 10511:1999-05
C.3.3.5 Microbiological testing of rinse agent solution
After the rinse agent solution has cooled down, the total colony count shall be carried out in accordance with
the Trinkwasserverordnung [1].
C.3.3.6 Evaluation and assessment of results
C.3.3.6.1 General
The microbiological examinations are evaluated in accordance with C.5. The culture media and the
microbiological procedure shall be specified. The record sheets shall be used to show the individual results.
C.3.3.6.2 Recording of results and test report
All the data collected in conjunction with the test, e.g. concentration of detergent in the detergent solution,
temperatures, contact times, water quality (measured conductivity) etc., as well as the programme cycle, are
entered in record sheet 1.
Record sheets 3 and 4 shall be used to present the data and individual results.
The results of the visual test for cleanliness and degree of dryness shall be entered in record sheet 3.
The wipe test results are evaluated as described in C.5.1. The results of the overall bacteria counts in the
detergent solution and, where applicable, in the rinse agent solution, as well as a general assessment of the
surroundings are noted down on record sheet 4. The culture media and the microbiological procedure shall be
specified.
20
DIN 10511:1999-05
C.3.3.6.3 Test report and assessment
The assessment can be made on record sheet 4 or in a separate test report. The record sheets shall be
attached to the test report.
Record sheet 3: Visual inspection and wipe tests
Serial no. Type of glass C DD cfu/10 cm2
9
10
C cleanliness: assessment acc. to 5.3.2: + good ++ satisfactory +++ not satisfactory

DD dryness: assessment acc. to 5.3.2: + good ++ satisfactory +++ not satisfactory
cfu per 10 cm2 acc. to C.3.3.3
21
DIN 10511:1999-05
Record sheet 4: Testing of the detergent solution
Colony count of aerobic micro-organisms
Detergent solution
pH value
Detergent solution:
pH value (universal indicator for pH = 1 ... 14)
Type and amount of inactivation media added to detergent solution:
Assessment of surroundings:
Glasses pre-cleaned:
Cleanliness of counter/area around counter:
Assessment of visual inspection:
Assessment of wipe tests:
Assessment of microbiological test on detergent solution:
Overall assessment:
Signature: Date:
C.4 Assessment of results and measures
C.4.1 Type testing
Glasses shall be rejected if they are not clean and/or are full of water droplets.
C.4.1.2 Decontamination
Reduction of the test organism is to be determined separately for each test glass. There shall be at least 50
individual results for each type of glass tested. If this number cannot be obtained in three programme cycles,
an appropriate number of additional cycles shall be effected.
The reduction shall be 5 log10 stages for 90 % of the test glasses. 10 % with lower reduction values may be
tolerated. However, lower reduction factors shall not occur at the same position or for the same type of glass
in all programme cycles.
22
DIN 10511:1999-05
C.4.1.3 Assessment and measures
If the results meet the stipulated hygiene requirements, the test can be given an overall positive assessment.
If some of the requirements are not met, a new test shall be carried out following a technical review or after
changing some of the parameters.
C.4.2 Daily routine inspection
C.4.2.1 The results of the daily routine inspection shall be recorded in writing.
C.4.2.2 If the requirements according to C.3.2 are not fulfilled, appropriate measures shall be taken as
part of due diligence (see C.4.3.4). If the causes for non-fulfilment cannot be identified and eliminated, a
service engineer shall be called in.
C.4.2.3 It is to be ensured that only trained staff work at the glasswashing machine (see LMHV [2]).
Glasses shall be rejected if they are not clean and/or are full of water droplets.
C.4.3.2 Wipe tests
The count shall not exceed 5 cfu/10 cm2 in 10 wipe tests.
C.4.3.3 Detergent solution
The guideline for microbiological loading of the detergent solution is 200 cfu/ml. The critical value of
500 cfu/ml shall not be exceeded.
C.4.3.4 Assessment and measures
If the results meet the stipulated hygienic requirements, the test can be given an overall positive assessment.
If some of the requirements are not met, a new test shall be carried out following a technical review or after
changing some of the parameters. Where necessary, it shall be checked that the operating instructions have
been followed properly.
The following measures and/or checks can be carried out, for example:
⎯ if severe soiling is the reason, more frequent changing of the detergent solution, or better pre-cleaning;
⎯ check the kind of detergent and the concentration, if necessary increase the concentration;
⎯ does the machine have an automatic dosing device for detergent, and is this adjusted correctly?
If necessary, installation or repair of the dosing device;
⎯ are the temperatures correct?
⎯ is the machine serviced regularly?
⎯ is the water quality correct?
⎯ has the machine been loaded properly, has the staff been trained properly?
23
DIN 10511:1999-05
⎯ have the residues been allowed to dry on the glasses for more than 2 h before washing? If necessary,
improve organizational procedures;
⎯ do the non-conformities apply to glasses of a specific shape or which have contained specific beverages?
Replace unsuitably shaped glasses; pre-rinse glasses with components which are difficult to remove or fill
them with water after use;
⎯ has the instruction handbook been adhered to? Check that instructions have been followed.
If the causes cannot be identified on site, a technical inspection shall be carried out. If serious nonconformities
are identified, e.g. if the required temperatures are not reached due to defective heating elements, the
machine may not be put into operation again until these have been eliminated.
C.5 Microbiological procedures
C.5.1 Wipe tests
Unloading devices coated with the culture medium (CSA) or similar should be used. Incubation over a period
of (44 ± 4) h is carried out at (30 ± 1) °C. The unloading devices are then evaluated. Where applicable, notes
on characterization of the micro-organisms are to be entered in record sheet 3.
C.5.2 Determination of the aerobic colony count per ml detergent solution
Colony count determination is carried out as a double determination with the neutralized sample using a
surface culture process. The culture medium (CSA or similar) shall be used for this process. The incubation
shall be over a period of (44 ± 4) h at (30 ± 1) °C.
C.5.3 Preparation of the test glasses
C.5.3.1 Test organism
The test organism E. faecium ATCC 6057 is incubated according to C.3.1.6 in three subcultures on CSA for
24 h at (36 ± 1) °C. To obtain a bacteria suspension, sodium chloride solution with a mass fraction of NaCl of
0,9 % is applied by sponge to six slides (10 ml to each slide) and the slides are washed, centrifuged, then
rewetted with the suspension and centrifuged again.
C.5.3.2 Resistance testing of test organism E. faecium ATCC 6057
The test organism shall be adequately heat resistant. This shall be checked at least every six months. For this
purpose, 20 test tubes are each filled with 10 ml casein-soymeal-peptone solution and heated to 70 °C in a
water bath. 0,1 ml of a bacteria suspension prepared according to C.5.3.3 is added to each test tube, and the
test tubes are then left for 10 min in the water bath at 70 °C. The test tubes are then cooled immediately under
flowing cold water and incubated for 24 h at (36 ± 1) °C. At least 18 of the 20 test tubes shall show growth of
the test organism.
C.5.3.3 Contamination of the test glasses
Contamination is carried out using a mixture of reconstituted skimmed milk and E. faecium ATCC 6057.
24
DIN 10511:1999-05
a) Preparation of reconstituted skimmed milk
A special milk powder6) is used to prepare the skimmed milk. In order to obtain 100 ml reconstituted
skimmed milk, 10 g milk powder is added to 100 ml WSH (water of standardized hardness), stirred
vigorously and then sterilized in an autoclave for 5 min at 121 °C. The WSH with c(Ca2+ + Mg2+) =
3,0 mmol/l 7)and a pH value of 7,2 ± 0,2 is prepared by dissolving 17,5 ml of a 10 % solution (mass
fraction) of CaCl2 · 6 H2O and 5 ml of a solution of 10 % (mass fraction) MgSO4 · 7 H2O in 3 300 ml
bidistilled water and sterilizing this in an autoclave for 15 min at 121 °C. If the specified pH value for WSH
is not obtained, NaOH (c(NaOH) = 0,1 ml/l) shall be added to achieve this value.
NOTE In order to achieve the correct pH value, around 0,2 ml NaOH are required. In this case, one can assume
that no bactericide effect is achieved.
b) Preparation of the test soiling medium
5 ml of the sterile reconstituted skimmed milk prepared as described above are placed in the centrifuge
tube (C.5.3.1) in order to obtain the sediment of E. faecium, and this is then returned to the remaining
entire amount of reconstituted skimmed milk. The colony count of E. faecium should be in the region of
1 to 5 × 108/ml.
c) Application of the test soiling medium
The test soiling medium is applied to the test glasses which have been prepared according to C.3.1.3 as
follows:
A glass is approximately half-filled with the test soiling medium and is then emptied again while rotating it
in a slanted position in such a way that the entire interior surface is wetted by the test soiling medium. In
order to cover the rim of the glass, the glass is turned upside down and the rim is dipped approx. 1 cm
into the test soiling medium. The test soiling medium shall then be allowed to dry for a total of 2 h,
whereby the glass is first placed upside down on a draining grate and then turned the right way round
after 1 h.
C.5.3.4 Determination of the initial colony count per test glass
Two glasses are used per test to determine the initial bacterial contamination. 10 ml of sterile sodium peptone
solution is poured into each glass containing approx. 2 g of plastic granulate6) (so that the test soiling medium
can be washed off more easily). For recovery, the glass is covered with a sterile petri dish cover and then
thoroughly shaken. From these 10 ml, a series of diluted samples is made and tested on kanamycin aesculin
azide agar as culture medium. Samples are incubated for 48 h at (36 ± 1) °C. Subsequently the slides are
evaluated. The colony count per test glass shall be more than 1 × 107 cfu, so that a reduction factor RF of
≥ 5 log10 stages can be detected, taking into consideration the detection limit.
C.5.3.5 Evaluation of the test glasses
The position of the individual glasses is entered in the position diagram. Each glass is inspected according to
C.5.3.4. The results are entered in record sheet 2 together with the visual assessment of cleanliness and
degree of dryness.
6) Information on sources of supply is given by the Normenausschuss Lebensmittel und landwirtschaftliche Produkte
(NAL – Food and Agricultural Products Standards Committee) of DIN (office address: Burggrafenstraße 6,
10787 Berlin).
7) This concentration corresponds to the hardness value formerly specified as 17 °d (°d = deutsche Grad Härte: German
hardness measurement) using units of measurement no longer permitted.
25
DIN 10511:1999-05
Annex D
(normative)
Composition and preparation of DGWM, RGWM and the inactivation and

buffer solution
D.1 DGWM
D.1.1 Formula for DGWM, alkaline
Table D.1
Mass fraction Quantity required

Raw material
in % for 1 kg
Fully de-ionized water 60,57 605,7 g
Potassium tripolyphospate solution, 50 % (mass fraction) 20,00 200,0 g
Potassium hydroxide, 50 % (mass fraction) 8,00 80,0 g
Sodium silicate (water glass), substance proportions r(SiO2/Na2O)
11,43 114,3 g
= 3,41 to 3,51; mass fraction of solids approx. 35 %
Total 100 % 1 000 g
D.1.2 Preparation of DGWM
The potassium tripolyphospate solution and potassium hydroxide are added to the fully de-ionized water and
mixed by stirring. Finally, sodium silicate (water glass) is added and mixed by stirring.
In this initially clean solution, a slight sediment develops after 1 to 2 days, depending on the raw materials
used. This can be removed by precipitation and filtration.
D.2 RGWM
D.2.1 Formula for RGWM
Table D.2
Mass fraction Quantity required

Raw material
in % for 1 kg
Fully de-ionized water 70,00 700 g
Citric acid-monohydrate, crystalline 5,00 50 g
Niotenside, fatty alcoholC12/C14 + 5 EO 1) + 4 PO2) 20,00 200 g
Sodium cumolsulfonate, 40 % (mass fraction) 5,00 50 g
Total 100 % 1 000 g
1) EO: ethylene oxide
2) PO: propylene oxide
26
DIN 10511:1999-05
D.2.2 Preparation of RGWM
The crystalline citric acid-monohydrate is dissolved in the fully de-ionized water by stirring. Finally the two
other liquid raw materials are added and mixed by stirring.
D.3 Inactivation and buffer solution
D.3.1 Formula for buffer solution
Table D.3
Mass fraction
Raw material
in %
Distilled or demineralized water 98,4
Disodium phosphate · 2 H2O 1,0
Phosphoric acid 75 % (mass fraction) 0,6
D.3.2 Preparation of buffer solution
The disodium phosphate and phosphoric acid are added to the distilled or demineralized water. This solution
is filtered under sterile conditions. 5 ml of this solution are added per 100 ml detergent solution, without active
chlorine or active oxygen.
D.3.3 Formula for inactivation and buffer solution
Table D.4
Mass fraction
Raw material
in %
Distilled or demineralized water 48,4
Disodium phosphate · 2 H2O 1,0

Phosphoric acid 75 % (mass fraction) 0,6
0,1 mol/l sodium thiosulfate solution 50,0
D.3.4 Preparation of the inactivation and buffer solution
The distilled or demineralized water is placed in a vessel and the disodium phosphate-dihydrate, phosphoric
acid and sodium thiosulfate solution are added. This solution is filtered under sterile conditions. 10 ml of this
solution are added per 100 ml detergent solution.
27

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DEUTSCHE NORM May 1999

Document comprises 27 pages

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DIN 10503, Food hygiene — Terminology

DIN 10514, Food hygiene — Hygiene training

DIN 10960, Apparatus for sensory analysis — Wine testing glasses

DIN 12331, Laboratory glassware — Beakers

[2] Verordnung über Lebensmittelhygiene und zur Änderung der Lebensmitteltransportbehälter-Verordnung

3 Terms and definitions

cleaning system of glasswashing machine

GLSM DIN 10511 – H

5.1 Requirements relating to construction materials

solutions, descaling agent solution;

5.2 Requirements relating to technical and functional features

5.3 Process requirements

⎯ type and amount of beverage remains;

⎯ water quality and water volume;

⎯ type and concentration of the treatment agents;

⎯ final freshwater rinsing;

5.3.2 Hygiene requirements

a) The glasses shall be optically clean.

5.3.3 Water quality

5.3.5 Contact time

6 Requirements relating to detergents and rinse agents

6.2 Detergents/cleaning agents

2) cfu: colony forming unit

6.3 Rinse agents

7 Requirements relating to the glasses

7.2 Recommendations relating to the shape and surface of the glasses

Glasses should have the following qualities:

⎯ a smooth, dense surface;

⎯ no distinct fused lips;

⎯ no deep hollows in the base;

⎯ stability when stood on end;

⎯ as little glass mass as possible.

8 Installation- and instruction handbook

b) instruction handbook with requirements on

⎯ cleaning and disinfection of the machine;

⎯ care and maintenance;

⎯ action to be taken in case of disturbances and faults;

⎯ measures to be taken in case of lengthy interruptions;

c) information for use (see Annex A (normative)).

a) name of manufacturer and/or a registered trademark;

c) DIN 10511 – H or, where applicable, a DIN mark of conformity.

Recommendations on the installation and operation of glass washing

A.2 Manual pre-cleaning and loading of the machine

A.3 Preparation and storage for further use

A.4 Planning of facilities

A.5 Operational and functional safety

Recommendations on treatment agents

B.1 Detergent/cleaning agent

B.2 Rinse agents

B.3 Descaling/decalcifying agents

C.2 Types of test

b) daily routine inspection;

c) procedure testing during practical operation.

C.2.1 Type test

C.2.2 Daily routine inspection

C.2.3 Procedure testing during practical operation

C.3 Test procedure

C.3.1 Procedure for type test

C.3.1.2 Water quality

C.3.1.3 Test glasses