RESISTIVITY - LATEROLOG

Dual Laterolog (DLT-F)

Chart: DLTF-1a (Dual Laterolog (DLT-F) - Borehole Corrections: Deep and Shallow
Resistivity, Deep Laterolog, Thick Beds)

Applications: Correct Dual Laterolog deep and shallow resistivities for borehole effects

Nomenclature: RLLD . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity

RLLDcor . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity corrected for borehole effects
Rm . . . . . . . . mud resistivity at formation temperature
dh . . . . . . . . . borehole diameter

Given: RLLD = 31 ohm•m

Rm = 0.91 ohm•m
dh = 11 in
Standoff = 1.5 in

Find: RLLDcor

Procedure: Since you are correcting the Dual Laterolog deep resistivity with a tool standoff of 1.5 inches, use the
R
owner chart. To determine the point on the LLD axis at which to enter the chart, calculate
Rm
RLLD 31 ohm•m
= = 34.07
Rm 0.91 ohm•m

Project vertically into the chart and use the dh = 10 in and dh = 12 in curves to estimate where the
projection would intersect a dh = 11 in curve. From that intersection point, project horizontally to the
RLLDcor R
axis, there estimating LLDcor to be 1.03. Calculate
RLLD RLLD

 RLLDcor 
RLLD =  • RLLD = 1.03 • 31 ohm•m = 31.93 ohm•m
 RLLD 
cor

Answer: RLLDcor = 31.93 ohm•m

Notes: You can correct the Dual Laterolog shallow resistivity with procedures analogous to those used above
for the deep resistivity. Use the chart on page DLTF-1b.
Chart: DLTF-2a (Dual Laterolog (DLT-F) - Bed Thickness Corrections: Deepand Shallow
Resistivity)

Applications: Correct Dual Laterolog deep and shallow resistivities for bed thickness

Nomenclature: RLLD . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity

RLLDcor . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity corrected for shoulder bed effects
Rs . . . . . . . . shoulder bed resistivity
Rm . . . . . . . . mud resistivity at formation temperature
h .... . . . . . bed thickness

Given: RLLD = 0.42 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects)

Rs = 1.4 ohm•m (from Dual Laterolog deep resistivity in shoulder bed)
Rm = 4 ohm•m
h = 8 ft

Find: RLLDcor
Rs 1.4 ohm•m
Procedure: Since = = 0.35 ≈ 0.2 and since you are correcting the deep resistivity, the upper chart
Rm 4 ohm•m
is applicable. For use in the chart, calculate

RLLD 0.42 ohm•m

= = 0.3
Rs 1.4 ohm•m
RLLD
Enter the chart at 8 ft on the Bed Thickness axis. Project vertically into the chart and use the = 0.2
Rs
RLLD R
and = 0.5 curves to estimate where the projection would intersect a LLD = 0.3 curve. From that
Rs Rs
RLLDcor RLLDcor
intersection point, project horizontally to the axis, there estimating to be 0.525. Calculate
RLLD RLLD

 RLLDcor 
RLLD =  • RLLD = 0.525 • 0.42 ohm•m = 0.2205 ohm•m
 RLLD 
cor

Answer: RLLDcor = 0.2205 ohm•m

Notes: You can correct the Dual Laterolog shallow resistivity with procedures analogous to those used above
for the deep resistivity. Use the lower chart.
Chart: DLTF-3a (Dual Laterolog (DLT-F) - Invasion Corrections: Dual Laterolog - Rxo,
Rxo < Rt)

Applications: Determine true formation resistivity and diameter of invasion

Nomenclature: RLLD . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity

RLLS . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog shallow resistivity
RMSFL . . . . . . Micro Spherically Focused Log resistivity
Rt . . . . . . . . . true formation resistivity
Rxo . . . . . . . . flushed zone resistivity
di . . . . . . . . . diameter of invasion

Given: RLLD = 176 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects and bed thickness)
RLLS = 44 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects and bed thickness)
RMSFL = 11 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects)

Find: Rt, Rxo, and di

Procedure: To determine the appropriateness of using this chart, use RMSFL and RLLD as first approximations to Rxo
and Rt, respectively, in comparing Rxo and Rt.

Rxo ≈ RMSFL = 11 ohm•m < 176 ohm•m = RLLD ≈ Rt

Since Rxo < Rt, use of this chart is appropriate.

For use in the chart, calculate the following, again using RMSFL as a first approximation to Rxo:
RLLD 176 ohm•m
= =4
RLLS 44 ohm•m
RLLD RLLD ohm•m
≈ = 176 = 16
Rxo RMSFL 11 ohm•m
R R
Starting at 4 on the LLD axis, project vertically into the chart. Starting at 16 on the LLD axis, project
RLLS Rxo
horizontally into the chart. Note the point of intersection of the two projections.
Rt R
Use the intersection point to interpolate between the = 1.4 and t = 1.5 curves ( solid, vertically
RLLD RLLD
Rt
oriented curves) and estimate to be 1.46. Calculate
RLLD
 Rt 
Rt =   • RLLD = 1.46 • 176 ohm•m = 256.96 ohm•m
 RLLD 
Rt R
Use the intersection point again to interpolate between the = 20 and t = 30 curves (solid,
Rxo Rxo
R
horizontally oriented curves), and estimate R t to be 23.5. Calculate
xo

1 1 = 10.93 ohm•m
Rxo = =
 Rt   1  1 
 R •  R  (23.5) •  
 xo   t  256.96
The intersection point is also located on the di = 50 in curve (one of the dashed, vertically oriented curves).
Thus, di = 50 in.

Answer: Rt = 256.96 ohm•m, Rxo = 10.93 ohm•m and di = 50 in.

Chart: DLTF-3b (Dual Laterolog (DLT-F) - Invasion Corrections: Dual Laterolog - Rxo,
Rxo > Rt)

Applications: Determine true formation resistivity and diameter of invasion

Nomenclature: RLLD . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog deep resistivity

RLLS . . . . . . . Dual Laterolog medium resistivity
RMSFL . . . . . . Microspherically Focused Log resistivity
Rt . . . . . . . . . true formation resistivity
Rxo . . . . . . . . flushed zone resistivity
di . . . . . . . . . diameter of invasion

Given: RLLD = 50 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects and bed thickness)
RLLS = 58 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects and bed thickness)
RMSFL = 126 ohm•m (corrected for borehole effects)

Find: Rt, Rxo, and di

Procedure: To determine the appropriateness of using this chart, use RMSFL and RLLD as first approximations to Rxo
and Rt, respectively, in comparing Rxo and Rt.

Rxo ≈ RMSFL = 126 ohm•m > 50 ohm•m = RLLD ≈ Rt

Since Rxo > Rt, use of this chart is appropriate.

For use in the chart, calculate the following, again using RMSFL as a first approximation to Rxo:
RLLS 58 ohm•m
= = 1.16
RLLD 50 ohm•m

Rxo R ohm•m
≈ MSFL = 126 = 2.52
RLLD RLLD 50 ohm•m

RLLS R
Starting at 1.16 on the axis, project vertically into the chart. Starting at 2.52 on the xo axis,
RLLD RLLD
project horizontally into the chart. Note the point of intersection of the two projections.
Rt R
Use the intersection point to interpolate between the = 0.7 and t = 0.8 curves (solid red,
RLLD RLLD
Rt
vertically oriented curves) and estimate to be 0.76. Calculate
RLLD
 Rt 
Rt =   • RLLD = 0.76 • 50 ohm•m = 38.00 ohm•m
 RLLD 
Rxo R
Use the intersection point again to interpolate between the = 3 and xo = 4 curves (solid,
Rt Rt
Rxo
horizontally oriented curves), and estimate to be 3.4. Calculate
Rt

 Rxo 
Rxo =   • Rt = 3.4 • 38.0 ohm•m = 129.2 ohm•m
 Rt 
Use the intersection point again to interpolate between the di = 15 in and di = 20 in curves (dashed,
diagonally oriented curves), and estimate di to be 15.75 in

Answer: Rt = 38.00 ohm•m, Rxo = 129.2 ohm•m, and di = 15.75 in.