OPEN WELL STAIRCASE

1. DESIGN DATA

Risers = R = 150 mm
Tread = T = 250 mm
Grade of Concrete used (σck) = 20.0 N/mm²
Grade of steel used (σy) = 500.0 N/mm²
Live load at Stair = 3.00 kN/m²
Width of wall where stair is resting = 200 mm

1. EFFECTIVE SPAN

For Longest Flight

Effective span (L) = (1.22 + 1.677+1.006+0.2)m 4.10 m

2. THICKNESS OF WAIST SLAB

Effective Depth Ratio (L/d) = 26

Depth of the waist slab (d) = (4103/26) = 160.0 mm
Overall depth of Waist Slab (D) = 180.0 mm

2. CALCULATION OF LOADS

On Flight
Self wt. of Slab on Horizontial area (w) = 5.25 kN/m²
Self wt. of Steps = 1.88 kN/m²
Live Load = 4.00 kN/m²
Weight of Finishes = 0.47 kN/m²
Total Load = 12 kN/m²

On Landing
Self wt. of Landing Slab = 4.50 kN/m²
Weight of Finishes = 1.00 kN/m²
Live Load = 4.00 kN/m²
Total Load = 9.50 kN/m²

3. BENDING MOMENT AND SHEAR FORCE

11.60 kN/m
9.50 kN/m 9.50 kN/m
A B
1.32 m 1.68 m 1.11 m

Reaction at Support B (RB) = 21.34 kN

Reaction at Support A (RA) = 21.15 kN
C.G = 2.060 m

Maximum Bending Moment (Mmax) = 21.95 kN m

Maximum Shear Force (Vmax) = 21.34 kN

Factored Bending Moment (Mu) = 32.93 kN m

Factored Shear Force (Vu) = 32.01 kN

4. CHECK FOR DEPTH OF WAIST SLAB

√(𝑀𝑢/
d = (0.138∗𝜎𝑐𝑘∗𝑏 )=) 109.2 mm
OK

5. CALCULATION OF MAIN BARS :

Mu = 0.87*fy*Ast*(d -Ast * fy /fck/b)

Ast min 0.12% of bD = 192 mm²
Tension Reinforcement = Ast = 514 mm²
Try, Φ = 16 mm
AΦ = ΠΦ²/4= 201 mm²
Spacing = bx AΦ / Ast reqd. = 393 mm
Provide 16 mm - Φ bars @ 125 mm c/c
Ast .provided = b x AΦ /spacing = 1608 mm²
pt =100Ast./bd = % > 0.12% = 1.0 %
Φ-max = 1/8*D= 22.5 12 mm
OK
Maximum spacing = least of 3d & 300mm 300 mm
OK
5. CALCULATION OF DISTRIBUTION BARS :
Area of distribution bars =0.12% of bD = 216.00 mm²
Try, Φ = 10 mm AΦ = ΠΦ²/4= 78.50 mm²
Spacing = b x AΦ / Ast reqd. = 363 mm
Provide 10 mm - Φ bars @ 150 mm c/c
Maximum spacing = least of 5d & 450mm 450 mm
OK
 6. CHECK FOR SHEAR

Vmax =V at d distance from support = 32.0 kN

Nominal ShearStress , Гv =V/bd (Cl. 40.1) = 0.2 N/mm²
Maximum shear Stress, Гcmax for M20 ) 2.8 N/mm²
Percentage of Tension Reinforcement =pt =100Ast/bd = 1.0 %
Design Shear Strength of Concrete with pt% and M20, Гc = 0.6 N/mm²
Enhanced Shear Strength , Гc' = k x Гc =1.3 x Гc = 0.8 N/mm²
OK

7. CHECK FOR DEFLECTION

fs =0.58x fy x Ast, required / Ast, provided = 92.8 N/mm²

Mu/bd^2 1.28 α = 26
β for L <10 = 1 γ = 1.99
Actual (L / d) Ratio = 25.64
Basic (L/d) ratio = 51.74
OK
4. Development Length / Anchorage

Design Bond Stress of concrete M20 for plain bars in tension, Гbd 1.2 N/mm²
Design bond Stress of M20 for deformed bars in tension, Гbd' =1.6 x Гbd = 1.9 N/mm²
Design bond Stress of M20 for deformed bars in comp.=1.25*above= 2.4 N/mm²
Stress in bar at the section considered at design load =σs =0.87*fy = 435.0 N/mm²
Diameter of the main tension bars (Fe 500) = Φ = 16 mm
Tension Steel Development length = Ld =Φσs/4Гbd = 906 mm
Compression Steel Development length = Ld =Φσs/4Гbd = 725 mm
Min. embedment = Ld / 3 302 mm
Embedment with U hooks behind centre of support = bs/2-25+16Φ= 381 mm
Ld should be available in either direction to top as well as bottom bars.
Hence provide , Ld = 550 mm for comp. bars & 700 mm for tension. bars.
 1220 mm
1677 mm
1006 mm

1006 mm 1128 mm 1006 mm

 pt
0.75
1
 Гc
0.56
0.62