Printed pages: Sub Code: MTTE 012

Paper Id Roll No.

M. TECH.
(SEM -1) THEORY EXAMINATION 2018-19
REFRIGERATION & AIR CONDITIONING
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 70
Note: Attempt all Sections. If require any missing data; then choose suitably.
SECTION A

1. Attempt all questions in brief. 2 x 7 = 14

a. What is the main characteristic feature of air refrigeration system?
b. Explain the T S and p h diagram with process for wet vapour after
compression?
c. Draw the theoretical vapour compression cycle with superheated vapour
after compression?
d. What are the advantages of multistage compressor?
e. What are the advantages and limitations of steam refrigeration system?
f. Differentiate between absorbents and adsorbents.
g. What are the function of analyzer & rectifier in vapor absorption system?
SECTION B

2. Attempt any three of the following: 7 x 3 = 21

a. What are the main characteristic of an vapour compression refrigeration
system and what are its advantage over air refrigeration system?
b. The following data refer to a LiBr + H2O absorption system: Generator
temperature =80 °C, Condenser temperature: Absorber temperature =-30°C,
Evaporator temperature =10°C, Condensate temperature: 25 °C. Steam
enters the generator heating coil at 120°C (dry-saturated state steam) and
Leaves it at 100 °C as condensate. The concentration of liquid leaving the
absorber is 0.51 and its enthalpy is -170 kJ/kg. The enthalpy of vapour
leaving the generator is 2620 kJ/kg. The flow rate through the evaporator is
0.4 kg/s find,
i. Pressure in generator, Condenser, evaporator and absorber in mm of
Mercury head
ii. Tonnage
iii. Heat rejection to condenser and absorber
iv. COP and Relative COP
c. With the help of neat sketch explain the working of “Reduced ambient air
craft refrigeration system”.
d. A simple air cooled system is used for an airplane having a load of 10 tones.
The atmosphere pressure and temperature are 0.9 and 10 0C respectively. The
pressure increases to 1.013 bar due to ramming. The temperature of the air is
reduced by 50 0C in the heat exchanger. The pressure in the cabin is 1.01 bar
and the temperature of air leaving the cabin is 25 0C. Determine:- 1. Power
required taking the load of cooling in the cabin; and 2. COP of the system.
Assume that all the expansion and compressions are isentropic. The pressure
 of the compressed air is 3.5 bar.
e. A dense air refrigeration cycle operates between pressure of 4 bar and 16 bar.
The temperature after heat rejection to surroundings is 37 0C and air
temperature at exit of refrigerator is 7 0C. The isentropic efficiencies of
turbine and compressor are 0.85 and 0.8 respectively. Determine compressor
and turbine work per TR ; COP; and power per TR. Take γ =1.4 and
cp=1.005 KJ/kg .K.
SECTION C
3. Attempt any one part of the following: 7x1=7
(a) Explain with the help of neat sketch the working of refrigerating system
having three evaporators at different temperatures with individual
compressor and individual expansion valves.
(b) Explain the method of obtaining an isotherm (in two phase region) on
enthalpy=concentration (h-c) diagram for a mixture. (ii) Compare aqua
ammonia vapour absorption refrigeration system with Li-Br water absorption
refrigeration system.
4. Attempt any one part of the following: 7x1=7
(a) Using schematic and P-h diagram, explain the working of Cascade
refrigeration system. Compare it with multi-stage system.
(b) In a simple aircraft refrigeration system, air is compressed from a temperature of
27°C and pressure of 1·2 bar to a pressure of 6 bar. The total load of the passengers
of the aircraft is 30 kW, the load of control equipments is 5 kW and miscellaneous
load is 3 kW. The exit pressure of the cooling turbine is equal to the cabin pressure
of 1 atm. The compressor and turbine efficiencies are 80% and 75% respectively.
The rise in the temperature of the cool air in the cabin is 60°C. Assuming Cp. =
1·005 kJ/kg - K, determine: (i) the refrigeration capacity, the mass of air-flow
required, the power required for refrigeration, and the C.O.P. of the system.
5. Attempt any one part of the following: 7x1=7
(a) Explain basic psychometric processes with the help of neat sketches (after
drawing psychometric charts on answer book).
(b) In an air conditioner the outdoor air (at 40 C DBT) and 43% RH is mixed
with return (from room) air (at 25 C DBT and 50% RH) in the ratio of 3:2
before entering the cooling coil. The by-pass factor for the cooling is 0.25
and the room sensible heat factor (RSHF) is 0.8. Air flow rate (total) through
the cooling coil is 8 kg/s. Determine: (i) ADP (ii) Condition of air at inlet
and exit of the cooling coil. (iii) Tonnage of the plant, and (iv) rate of
condensation.
6. Attempt any one part of the following: 7x1=7
(a) Ambient air at a pressure of 0.8 bar is rammed to 1.05 bar, 17ºC and made
available for a 10 TR boot strap air craft refrigeration system. Air from main
compressor at 4 bar, after passing through main heat exchanger, is further
compressed to 5 bar in the secondary compressor. The isentropic efficiencies
of both the compressors and turbine are 0.85. The effectiveness values of
main and auxiliary heat exchangers (using rammed air as coolant) are 0.7
and 0.75 respectively. The cabin is to be maintained at 1.01 bar and 25ºC.
Take Cp = 1 kJ/kg K and γ = 1.4. Find (i)Power required (ii)COP of the
system (iii)Maximum cycle temperature
(b) Explain with the help of a neat sketch, the working of a steam jet
refrigeration system.
7. Attempt any one part of the following: 7x1=7
(a) A stream of 15 kg/s of aqua ammonia having concentration of 0.8 and a
 pressure of 5 bar mixes with another saturates liquid stream with flow rate 10
kg/s at 100 C at the same pressure. During mixing it receives heat at the rate
of 4000 KJ/s. Obtain mixture concentration, enthalpy, and amount of liquid
and vapour after mixing.
(b) Explain the working of Boot-strap air cooling system with the help of T-s
diagram.