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AE 2251 –AERODYNAMICS I Two Marks

Questions With Answers 2014
Anna University, Chennai

Department of Aeronautical Engineering

AE 2251 –AERODYNAMICS I Two Marks Questions.

UNIT-I

1. De ne momentum principle.

Net force acting on a mass of uid is equal to rate of change

momentum of ow in that direction.

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2. De ne moment of a momentum principle with

reference to a turbo machine.

he torque acting on a rotating uid is equal to the rate of

change of momentum.

3. What is equation of continuity in one3 dimensional

compressible ow

UA = cons

4. State equation of continuity in 1D incompressible ow

UA=cons

5. What is Newton 2nd law?

Rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to Popular Posts

applied force acting on me direction
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April May 2015
F=ma
Even Semester
Exam Results
6. Types of applied force
Anna University, Exam
Results for UG 2nd , 4th , 6th
A: load, gravitational force
and also 8th Semester (Except
All Clear Candidates)
B: shear force, viscous force, pressure force expected to be announced
yesterd...
7. De ne circulation.
Anna University -
af liated colleges April /
It is a ow means that the ow system could be resolved into a
May 2012 Examination
uniform irrotational portion and a circulating portion and if
Timetable for Chennai ,
circulation is present in a uid motion vorticity must be
Trichy , Combaitore , Madurai
present even though it is restricted to a space.
, Tirunelveli

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8. What is aerodynamics? Anna University - af liated

colleges April / May 2012
It is the study of ow of gases around the solid bodies. (Revised) Examination
Timetable for Chennai ,

9. Diff control volume and control surface? Trichy , Combaitore , Madurai

, ...

Control volume has a xed boundary, mass, momentum and Anna University
energy are allowed to cross the boundary. The boundary of the Nov Dec 2014 Jan
control volume is referred to as control surface. 2015 UG/PG 1st
3rd 5th 7th Sem
10. De ne system? Examination Results
Anna University,Chennai
It is de ned as xed mass with a boundary however with time Anna University Nov Dec
the boundary of a system change but the mass may remain the 2014 UG PG Results Anna
same. University UG/PG 1st 3rd 5th
7th Semester Results Anna
11. Differentiate compressible and Incompressible ow. Uni...

Anna University - B.E.

Nov/Dec 2011 3rd,5th,7th
In a compressible ow, Density of a ow density will not be Semester Exam Results
change from point to point in a uid ow, for incompressible Anna University and Anna
ow density will not be change from point to point in a uid University of Technology -
ow. Chennai,Trichy,Combaitore,
Madurai,Tirunelveli  Exam
12. What are the forces can be experienced by the owing Results Held on
of uid on a system November/December ...

B.E Civil - Semester 5 -

1. Body forces like gravity , electromagnetic forces(or)any
Question Bank Collection
other forces which act at a distance on a uid inside volume.
(Anna University)
Anna University Department
2. Surface forces like pressure and shear stress acting on the
of Civil Engineering ---------
control surface S.
-------------------------------
------------ B.E Civil 5th
13. What is the principle of conservation of mass?
Semester Question...

Mass can be neither created nor destroyed. This is the basic

principle for continuity equation. Blog Archive
▼ 2020 (5)
14. Differentiate steady & unsteady ow.
▼ March (1)

In a steady ow uid characteristics is velocity, pressure , NCETHPIC 2020 -

Density etc at a point do not change with time but for unsteady National Conference -

ow these characteristics will change Anna Univer...

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with repeat to time. ► February (2)

► January (2)

► 2019 (29)
UNIT-II
► 2018 (98)

► 2017 (256)
15. De ne source ow?
► 2016 (359)

The ow will radialy outwards towards a xed point. ► 2015 (226)

► 2014 (338)
the strength of the source ow is q/2πr ► 2013 (84)

► 2012 (543)
16. De ne sink ow?
► 2011 (675)

The ow will be radialy inwards towards a xed point.

The source of the sink ow –q/2πr

17. De ne free vortex?

A ow eld with circular steam lines with absolute value of

velocity varying

inversely with the distance from centre. The ow is irrotational

at every point except at the centre.

18. De ne force vortex?

A ow in which each uid particle moves in a circular path

with speed varying

directly as the distance from the axis of rotation.

19. De ne doublet ow?

The combination of sink and source ow is called doublet ow.

20. De ne vorticity?

It is de ned as the value twice of he rotation and hence it is

given as 2w

21. De ne vortex ow?

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It is de ned as the ow of a uid along a circular path or the

ow of a rotating

mass of uid is known as vortex ow.

There are two types 1) free vortex 2)force vortex

22. De ne stream fn and its eqn?

Flow per unit time across the line joining two stream lines is
called stram fn of stream line.

The unit of stream fn is m2/sec

Per unit dimension perpendicular to the plane of stream line

stream fn gives volume rate of ow. It is a scalar fn.

23. De ne potential fn and its eqn?

It is a scalar fn. It is a positive derivative with respective

positive direction. it

satis es Laplace eqn.

24. What is d’alemberts paradox?

For a stationary cylinder kept with the axis perpendicular to

the ow of an ideal

uid, no lift or drag force is felt.

25. De ne Magnus effect?

For a spinning cylinder kept with its axis perpendicular to the

ow of an ideal

uid there is force only in one direction which is lift force this
is called magnus effect Magnus effect is independent of the
cylinder size.

UNIT-III

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1. When will conformal transformation break down?

If aerodynamic design to involve only 2D ows at low speeds

the design method based on conformal transformation theory
would be best choice this technique can extended to three
dimensional.

2. When will joukowski transformation breakdown?

For nite angle trailing of an aerofoil the trailing edge

becomes stagnation point.

For cusped trailing edge trailing edge of aerofoil no longer

becomes stagnation point.

By method joukowski transformation the trailing edge

becomes cusped and so the kutta condition is not satis ed.
This is the draw back of joukowski transformation.

3. What is kutta trailing edge condition?

A; for nite trailing edge angle V1 = V2 = 0 strength of vortex

at a a=

(T.E)=0

B; cusped trailing edge angle V1=V2

4 .state importance of Kelvin’s circulation

Circulation and hence cortex strength does not vary with time
if (i) the uid is non viscous (ii) the density is either constant
or a function of pressure only (iii) body forces such as gravity
or magnetic force such as gravity or magnetic force are single
valued potential

5. State the importance of blasius theorem in

aerodynamics.

For an assumed complex potential of a two dimensional ow

past a body of given shape and orientation the aerodynamic

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forces per span length and moments per span length of the
body are obtained in terms of complex variables of the ow .

6. What is barotropic uid?

a uid having density either constant or a function of its

pressure is said to be a barometric uid .

7. Explain the roll of the starting vortex (cast of vortex) in

establishing the lift on an

aerofoil?

The starting vortex builds and grows up to just the right

strength such that equal and opposite clockwise circulation
around the airfoil leads to smooth ow from trailing edge (at
this situation kutta condition is successfully satis ed)when the
point is reached the vorticity shed from the L.e becomes zero,
the starting vortex no longer grows in strength and steady
circulation exists around the airfoil.

8. Show that as per kutta condition the strength of vortex

at trailing edge I zero (or)

what is kutta trailing edge condition

1)for nite t.e angle v1=v2=0 therefore strength of vortex at a =

(t.e=0)

2)for cusped t.e v1=v2≠0 but as v1=v2 strength of vortex at a=

(t.e ≠0 ) Kutta condition makes the the strength of vortex at t.e
must be equal to zero.

9.state importance of kelvin circulation.

Circulation around a curve is un altered is transformation.

10. what is joukowski hypothesis ?

In order that the velocity at the t.e of airfoil is zero or

stagnation point of the t.e , the circulation is increased to the
ow past the airfoil to such a magnitude that a st.point

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coincides with the t.e .this method of specifying the magnitude

of circulation is known as joukowski hypothesis

11. When a transformation is called conformal?

Transformation is conformal if small elements of area are

unaltered in shape but altered in size position and orientation.

12. What is transformation?

It is a mathematical process by which a gure or network may

be disorted or altered in size it is effected by means of an
algebraic relationship between the orginal co rdinates (x,y)

And coordinates of each new position (δ,Ψ)

UNIT-IV

1. Assumption of thin airfoil theory

A; airfoil is assumed in nitely thin so that it may be

represented by cambered line.

B; camber is assumed to small also angle of incidence also

small.

2.State analogical electromagnetic theory to Biot- Savart

law

The vortex lament is visualized as a wire carrying current ‘I’

then the magnetic

eld strength dB induced at a point P by a segment of wire ‘dl’

with current in the direction of wire is

dB = µ I d l x r

4π|r|3

3. Why Karman treftz equation is used?

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The joukowski pro le is suffer an important practical defect in

that the trailing edge are

always cusped and hence this equation is used.

4. De ne Helmholtz theorem

(i) Strength of vortex lament is constant along its length.

(ii) A vortex lament cannot end in a uid .it must extend to

the boundary of the uid a form a closed path

5. De ne prandtl lifting line theory

The ow past a nite wing if assumed to represent a vortex

con guration as a vortex

lament of strength which somehow bound to a xed location

in a ow

6. De ne aerodynamic center

It means the moment around the center is zero

7. De ne centre of pressure

It means the moment is constant around its centre

8. De ne potential ow of uid

The irrotational motion of an incompressible uid is called

potential ows

9. Relate vorticity and circulation

Vorticity is the circulation around an element divided by its

area

10. Assumption of horse shoe vortex

The wing is replaced by a single bond span wise vortex of

constant strength which turn at

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right angle at each end to trailing vortices which extend to

in nity behind the wing these two trailing vortices i) each of
which must provide the same total lift

ii) Each must have same magnitude of circulation and same

circulation at mid span

11. State Limitation of lifting line theory.

A straight narrow wing with smooth pressure distribution

theory agrees well.

Theory gives correct value of down wash along the centre of

pressure of any distribution of left i.e.; symmetrical ahead and
behind a straight line at right angles to the direction.

For curved or yawed lifting line of law aspect ratio theory is

not adequate.

12. De ne slender body of revolution

The radius of body is very small then length is knows as

slender body revolution.

UNIT- V

1. What is meant by boundary layer?

A narrow belt or layer of relatively slow moving uid next to

the surface of the body moving in the uid is called boundary
layer. There is a continuous change of velocity

through the layer from zero at surface to free stream value of

outer edge of boundary value.

2. De ne Boundary layer thickness?

That is distance in y character from boundary surface at which

local velocity u=0.99U

where U is the stream velocity outside boundary layer.

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3. De ne Displacement thickness?

It is the distance by which boundary surface would have to be

displaced outwards so that total actual discharge of uid would
be same as that of ideal uid past the displaced boundary.

4. De ne Momentum thickness?

It is de ned as the distance along y direction from the

boundary surface such that the momentum ux corresponding
to the main stream. It is de ned as the distance measure
perpendicular to the boundary of the solid body by which the
boundary should be displaced to compensate for the reduction
in momentum of the owing uid on account of boundary
layer formation

5. De ne Energy thickness?

It is de ned as the distance measured perpendicular to the

solid body by which the boundary should be displaced to
compensate for the reduction in kinetic energy of the owing
uid on account of boundary layer formation.

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