Nightingale’s Environmental Model

Nightingale Environmental areas that a nurse can control are: ventilation and
warming, light, noise, variety, bed and bedding, personal cleanliness, nutrition and
taking food, and chattering hopes and advices. When one or more aspects of the
environment are out of balance, the client will be using increased energy to counter the
environmental stress. The stresses drain the client of energy that should’ve been used
for healing. It is the role of the nurse to manipulate the environment to compensate for
the client’s response to it. That is why it is a must that Nightingale’s theory will be
applied in this kind of case especially that the patient is a pregnant woman. Pregnant
women are susceptible to infection. Why pregnant women are more susceptible to
infection? Pregnancy affects every system in your body. Changes in hormone levels
and immune system function can make you more vulnerable to infections and serious
complications. Labor and delivery are especially susceptible times for both you and your
baby. So as a nurse, we must prioritize the cleanliness of the surroundings of our
patient and must apply the theory of Florence Nightingale.

Orem’s Self Care Theory

Dorothea Orem’s theory is composed of three related theories: the theory of Self-
Care, the theory of Self-Care Deficit and, the theory of Nursing. Orem’s theory views the
individual as a self – care agent with special needs. When self-care is practiced it
promotes the health and well-being being of an individual. There is a relation between
responsibility and self-care. Self-care can be defined as a, voluntary, cautious and
purposeful action related to health and well-being. Appropriate action is performed to
meet the therapeutic self-care demand arising out of known needs for care. This varies
from time to time, as required by the various stages of life-cycle, of the individual
person. When this demand is not fulfilled, that is when self-care deficit arises which
indicates the need for nursing care. The decision to provide self-care is taken
cooperatively by the patient and the nurse.  This is where the nurse plays a vital part in
the influence of the patient.
 The fundamental responsibility of the nurse is four-natured: – a) to promote
health, which would be in the delivery room, b) to prevent illnesses such as infection
and risk factor that could lead to certain diseases and complication, c) to restore health
refers to bringing and encouraging routine for healing, and lastly, d) to alleviate suffering
which involves caring from loss and pain management. The nurse is in charge to assist
and increase the self-care abilities of the individual.
Based on Dorothea Orem’s philosophy, here a human being is a unique
individual who can take responsibility for his/her own life, also capable of coping with life
as long as she/he has the adequate support when needed. (Carlson, 1997).
In the transformation of an individual, the nurse plays an essential role. It is even
more important in case when handling pregnant woman, since pregnancy puts the
woman and the fetus into a particularly susceptible position. Regarding on childbearing,
registered nurses, midwives, nurse practitioners, and neo-natal nurses should be
qualified to on doing assessments since; they are more knowledgeable in terms of
understanding the changes in maternal physiology and anatomy during pregnancy.  It is
required for the nurses to identify and assess the background of the patient about the
patients’ physical, cultural, economic, educational, and emotional readiness. With
proper assessment done this will build up the relationship of the nurse and the patient
and will be able to communicate with support and help or aid them in healing process.

Faye Abdellah’s Theory

According to Faye Glenn Abdellah's theory, “Nursing is based on an art and

science that molds the attitudes, intellectual competencies, and technical skills of the
individual nurse into the desire and ability to help people, sick or well, cope with their
health needs.” This theory is also one of the profound statements that can be applicable
in this case, because as we all know pregnancy or giving birth to a child is no joke.
Nursing students nowadays does not really know what is the true essence of caring
through empathy. By fitting yourself on other’s shoes, one can provide a satisfactory
care. As today’s workers, mostly thrive to finish their tasks without even knowing the
inner aspect of the patient. When it comes to nursing, it is understood that the care that
will be applied should be patient centered because this is the foundation and devotion of
the nursing profession.