General Chemistry II

Homework # 1
Note: For Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4 answer either (a or b)
Question one:
b. Rank the following in order of increasing surface tension (at room temperature): (a)
CH3OH, (b) HOCH2CH2OH; (c) CH3CH2OCH2CH3
Answer : b , a , c

Question two
b. Butanol and pentane have approximately the same mass, however, the viscosity (at 20 ºC) of
butanol is η = 2.948 cP, and the viscosity of pentane is η = 0.240 cP. Explain this difference.
Answer : because butanol has hydrogen bond with OH , dipole-dipole force and dispersion forces
but pentane just have dispersion forces .

Question three
a. The enthalpy of vaporization of benzene, C6H6 (l), is 33.9 kJ mol‒1 at 298 K. How many liters
of C6H6 (g), measured at 298 K and 95.1 mmHg, are formed when 1.54 kJ of heat is absorbed by
C6H6 (l) at constant temperature of 298 K?
1 mol
# of moles for C6H6 = × 1.54 KJ=0.0454 mol
33.9 kJ
nRT ( 0.0454 )( 0.0821 ) ( 298 )
PV =nRT → →→ V = = =8.88 L
P 95.1/760
Question four
a. The normal boiling point of acetone, an important laboratory and industrial solvent, is
56.2 °C and its ΔvapH is 25.5 kJ mol‒1. At what temperature does acetone have a vapor pressure
of 375 mmHg?
P1 ∆ H vap T 1−T 2 760 25.5 × 103 329.2−T 2
Answer : ln
P2
=
R (
T 1T 2 )
ln
375
=
8.314 ( 329.2T 2 ) o
→→ T 2=305.7 K =32.7 C

Question five
How much heat is required to raise the temperature of 215 g CH 3OH from 20.0 to 30 ºC and
then vaporize it at 30 ºC? Use Δ vapH for CH3OH (l) = 38.0 kJ mol–1 and specific heat for
CH3OH (l) of 2.53 J g‒1 K‒1.
KJ J
Answer : ∆ H vap=38 , s=2.53 , m=215 g , ∆ t=10 K
mol gK
J
q 1=m× s × ∆ t=215 g ×2.53 ×10 K=5.439 KJ
gK

215 g KJ
q 2=n × ∆ H vap= × 38 =254.99 KJ
32.04 g mol
mol

total energy is qtotal = q1 + q2 = 5.439 KJ + 254.99 KJ = 260.429 KJ

Question six
Shown here is a portion of the phase diagram for
phosphorus.
(a) Indicate the phases present in the regions labeled
with a question mark.
Answer : liquid and vapor phase
(b) A sample of solid red phosphorus cannot be melted
by heating in a container open to the atmosphere.
Explain why this is so.
Answer : because the pressure will increase that make
changing phase from solid to liquid need more heat to melt
(c) Trace the phase changes that occur when the
pressure on a sample is reduced from point A to B, at
constant temperature.
Answer : when the pressure decrease from point A to point B the solid phase can be change to vapor
phase without passing liquid phase in the same temperature .

Good luck! 