Learning activity 4

Abigail Guerrero

Evidence: My presentation outline

A. Find a topic of personal interest. Imagine you are going to present that topic
orally to your teacher and classmates at school. For this part of the evidence
you need to carry out exhaustive research in order to be able to present all the
necessary information related to your selected topic. Report the most important
aspects of your research through a brainstorm of the ideas and concepts that
you think will be relevant to the presentation.

Brainstorm
Example of topic: Aviation.

 Aviation refers to the use of commercial and non-commercial aircrafts

for transportation of people or goods.

 The A380, manufactured by the Airbus Industry, is the biggest plane

ever made.

Brainstorm
Topic: The drugs and their consequences

Hello my name is Abigail Guerrero and I am going to talk about the drugs
and their consequences.

 A drug is any substance which, when taken into the body, alters the
body’s function either physically and/or psychologically. Drugs may
be legal (e.g. alcohol, tobacco) or illegal (e.g. ecstasy, cocaine).

 Psychoactive drugs affect the central nervous system and alter a

person's mood, thinking and behavior. Psychoactive drugs may be
divided into four categories: depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens
and 'other'.
B. Now, structure your presentation using the Signpost language learnt during
this learning activity. Present your outline through presentation cards. Use
as many cards as you need.

Remember: Each presentation card should include a heading,

a phrase at the bottom, a number and it should be organized
by numbering and bulleting.

(Model)

Aviation
[heading]

Structure: I’m going to divide this talk into five parts.

1. Early beginnings.
2. Civil aviation.
3. Commercial aviation.
4. Modern aircrafts manufacturers:
a. Airbus.
b. Boeing.
c. Embraer.
5. The most famous aircrafts in history:
a. Concorde.
b. Boeing 747.
c. Airbus A380.

Let’s turn now to the first part: the early beginnings

of aviation…
[Bottom phrase]
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 Drugs and their consequences

I am going to divide this talk into five parts

1. Drug definition.
2. Different types of drug, effects, classification, data and consumption.
3. Social, legal and economic consequences of drug use.
a) Social.
b) Legal.
c) Economic.
4. Prevention of drug abuse.
5. Glossary.

Say no to drugs 1

Let’s begin by the first part: Drug definition

A substance that is used with the intention of acting on the nervous system i
n order to enhance physical or intellectual development, to alter the
mood or experiencing new sensations, and whose repeated consumption
can create dependence or may have unwanted side effects.

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 Let’s turn now to the next topic: Different types of drug, effects,
classification, data and consumption.

Alcohol

Drug: alcohol.
Classified: depressive.
Data: 25% of people are intoxicated
It is found as: beer, wine, liquor, alcoholic drink.
Consumption: oral.
Produces the following effects: addiction (alcoholism) dizziness, nausea,
vomiting, hangovers,
interrupted sleep, aggressive behavior, pregnancy problems, shortness of expr
ession,
problems with pregnancy, respiratory depression and death (in high doses)

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 Ecstasy

Drug: Ecstasy
Classified: stimulant.
Data: is the most popular drug at night parties.
It is found as: XTC, adam, MDMA.
Consumption: oral.
Produces the following effects:panic, anxiety, depression and paranoia. mus
cle tension, blurred vision, allusiations, fainting, nausea,
high palpitations, difficulty sleeping, lack of appetite and chills.

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 Amphetamines

Drug: amphetamines.
Classified: stimulant.
Data: chronic use can cause psychosis with symptoms of schizophrenia.
It is found as: speed, uppers ,ups, hearts, black beauties, pep pills, capilots,
bumble bees, Benzedrine, dezadrine, footballs, biphetamine.
Consumption: oral, pulled, injected or smoked.
Produces the following effects: anxiety, depression , paranoia, addiction,
difficulty sleeping, dizziness, lack of appetite, psychosis, aggression,
seizures, dilated pupils, high risks to HIV, hepatitis and other contagious diseas
es if injected.
.

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 Cocaine

Drug: cocaine.
Classified: stimulant.
Data: a very adictiva.su common use drug can produce paranoia, depression,
aggression, allusiations and insomnia.
It is found as: coke, snow, nose candy, flake, blow, big C, lady, white ,
snowbirds.
Consumption: pulled, injected or dissolved in water.
Produces the following effects: addiction, dilated pupils, anxiety,
high pressure and heartbeat,
elevated breathing, epileptic seizures, heart attacks, insomnia,
restlessness, irritability, high temperature, death of an overdose.

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 Marijuana

Drug: marijuana.
Classified: hallucinogenic..
Data: on average the first time teenagers test it is at 14 years old.
It is found as: weed, pot, reefer, grass, dope, ganja, Mary jane, sincemilla,
herb, aunt Mary, skunk, boom, kif, gangster, chronic, 420.
Consumption: pulled, or
Produces the following effects: Red eyes, dry mouth, paranoia,
affected reason use, altered time reason, affected skills, intensified
attacks and anxiety, altered perception, problems with learning, the memory,
problems with speech, listening, thinking and problem solving.

Say no to drugs 7

Say no to drugs
Now continue with the third topic: Social, legal and economic
consequences of drug use.

There are many consequences that may come about as a result of drug abuse.
There can be social, legal, economic, and physical and mental health
consequences. The consequences of drug abuse may differ in intensity
depending on how far the addiction has progressed and the type of drug being
abused.

a) Social: Drug addicts, they are often involved in assaults,

public disorder, racial conflicts, among others. When drugs start to be ne
eded more than other people can be ruined or destroyed
intimate relationships and missing friendships. You can stop participating
in the world. Drug abuse can also harm others.

For example:

The money with which drugs are paid can deprive the family of vital satisfaction
s such as food or clothing. Discussing the problems and situations of the
addiction can lead to family conflicts. Violent drug reactions can lead the user to
commit assaults and even murders. If a pregnant woman takes
drugs without medical control it can cause genetic malformations in the new bei
ng she is in management.

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b) Legal: Abusing drugs is against the law. Offenders
(both those who experience and those engaged in drug use) run the risk of havi
ng to pay fines and be imprisoned.
An arrest can mean embarrassment, interruption of life plans, criminal records.
Certain drugs can trigger uncontrollable violence and
lead the user to perform crimes that are severely punishable by law.

c) Economic:
Given the sheer volume of money that drives the drug market and
drug trafficking, both consumers and countries are incurring significant debts; or
ganized bands are created; national economic destabilization occurs
Continued drug use can be very expensive, as its costs rise to hundreds and so
metimes thousands of dollars a year. To sustain their habit many people turn to
crime.

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 Let’s turn now to the fourth topic: prevention drug abuse.

Preventing drug abuse means taking a positive attitude to oppose drug abuse, so i
t will never become a problem.
That's what it takes:

 Understand why drug abuse.

 Encourage the development of individual qualities that lead to personal sati
sfaction.
 Identify the conditions under which drug abuse is more likely to begin.
 Support the ongoing effort of communication between parents,children of th
e same group, the community and schools.
 Assiduousness, setting reasonable goals and striving to achieve them can give
personal satisfaction and avoid boring.
 Sow in our family the values of responsibility, discipline, solidarity and soci
al commitment.
 Communicating with children, students and young people to discuss the
difficulties that may arise in your environment.

In conclusion
Educating is preventing.

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 And finally the glossary

Abstinence: Not using drugs or alcohol.

Addiction: A chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive (or

difficult to control) drug seeking and use despite harmful consequences, as well
as long-lasting changes in the brain. In the past, people who used drugs were
called “addicts.” Current appropriate terms are people who use drugs and drug
users.

Agonist: A chemical substance that binds to and activates certain receptors on

cells, causing a biological response. Oxycodone, morphine, heroin, fentanyl,
methadone, and endorphins are all examples of opioid receptor agonists.

Amphetamine: A stimulant drug that acts on the central nervous system

(CNS). Amphetamines are medications prescribed to treat attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder (such as Adderall®) and narcolepsy.

Central nervous system (CNS): The system consisting of the nerves in the
brain and spinal cord.

Cerebrum: The upper part of the brain consisting of the left and right
hemispheres.

CNS depressants: A class of drugs that include sedatives, tranquilizers, and

hypnotics. These drugs slow brain activity, making them useful for treating
anxiety, panic, acute stress reactions, and sleep disorders.

Dependence: A condition that can occur with the regular use of illicit or some
prescription drugs, even if taken as prescribed. Dependence is characterized
by withdrawal symptoms when drug use is stopped. A person can be
dependent on a substance without being addicted, but dependence sometimes
leads to addiction.

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Drug abuse: An older diagnostic term that defined use that is unsafe, use that
leads a person to fail to fulfill responsibilities or gets them in legal trouble, or
use that continues despite causing persistent interpersonal problems. This term
is increasingly avoided by professionals because it can perpetuate stigma.
Current appropriate terms include: drug use (in the case of illicit substances),
drug misuse (in the case of problematic use of legal drugs or prescription
medications) and addiction (in the case of substance use disorder).
Hallucinations: Sensations, sounds and/or images that seem real though they are
not.
Illicit: Illegal or forbidden by law.
Injection drug use (IDU): The act of administering drugs by injection. Blood-borne
viruses, like HIV and hepatitis, can be transmitted via shared needles or other
drug injection equipment.

Psychoactive: Having a specific effect on the brain.

Psychosis: Delusional or disordered thinking detached from reality; symptoms
often include hallucinations.

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What are the short and long-term effect of drugs on the body and mind?

The effects of drugs will vary from person to person depending on the persons
characteristics (such as physical size, gender, mood, diet, fitness, age,
expectations and health), the drug itself (such as the amount used and its
purity), and how it is taken and the environment a person is in when using the
drug.

Some people become depressed, angry, aggressive, sleepy, unmotivated,

paranoid, anxious or talkative. Drug use can also lead to social and emotional
problems and negative effects on relationships with family and friends.

That’s all I have to say about the drugs and their consequences.

Please feel to ask questions.

Thanks.

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C. To complete the evidence, you must now write a complete list of references
using the guidelines given by the American Psychological Association (APA). Do
not forget to organize your references alphabetically.

References

what are drugs? drug aware. (s.f.). Obtenido de https://drugaware.com.au/getting-

the-facts/faqs-ask-a-question/what-are-drugs/

the drugs. (4 de abril de 2014). Obtenido de

https://prezi.com/q7ngpj_on959/exposicion-sobre-las-drogas/

center, v. (03 de mayo de 2015). Consequences of Drug Abuse. Obtenido de

https://myvictorycenter.com/consequences-of-drug-abuse/

National institute on drug abuse. (july de 2018). Obtenido de

https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/media-guide/glossary

When you finish your work, send the file to your instructor through the platform as
follows:

1. Click on the title of this evidence.

2. Click on Examinar mi equipo and look for the file in your computer. Make sure
the file is attached.
3. Leave a comment for the instructor (optional).
4. Click Enviar.

Note: This evidence is an individual activity. Remember to check the learning

guide in order to know if you have done all the assigned activities, know how to
develop them and deliver them correctly.

Criterio de evaluación
Prepara presentaciones orales haciendo uso del vocabulario y las diferentes
estructuras gramaticales requeridas.