INTRODUCTION 1

WIRELESS NETWORKS DEFINITION 1

WIRELESS NETWORK COMPONENTS 2
WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK TOPOLOGIES 3

SCHOOL BACKGROUND 5

ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS REQUIREMENTS 6

NETWORK DESIGN 7

WLAN TOPOLOGY 7
WLAN SECURITY 9
PHYSICAL NETWORK DESIGN 10

CONCLUSION 19

REFERENCE 20
INTRODUCTION

In addition to the continued development of the social economy, computer networks

have changed people's lifestyles in many ways. The widely applied local area
network plays a greater role in medical and military treatment, education, and
science. Businesses and businesses not only create LANs, but families and schools
also create their own small LANs.

With LANs, work and study efficiency has been improved, but it also brings some
problems. Wired LANs cannot function without the cable, which means that we
cannot accidentally change the network structure according to actual situations.
Therefore, we cannot implement the mobile office and the studios. Therefore, the
current local area network was unable to satisfy user requests. For users to access
data anywhere, anytime, networks must evolve from wired and fixed to wireless and
mobile.

Compared to local networks, wireless LANs offer advantages in different places. One
of the advantages of wireless LAN is that if there is WLAN coverage, users can go
wherever they want using their device and transfer data at the same time. Other
advantages include ease of installation, efficient expansion, flexibility, and cost
savings.

In this project, we will design a WLAN for high school. We will provide a basic
understanding of wireless LAN, and design and plan a wireless LAN based on the
actual high school situation. We will also introduce topology.

Wireless networks definition

There are many different types of computer networks in the world, as shown in
Figure 1, including the Global Area Network (GAN), the Wide Area Network (WAN),
the Metropolitan Network (MAN), and the Area Network local (LAN). Among them,
wireless LAN is a type of LAN.

Figure 1. Different networks (Animasigaia 2014)

Wireless local area networks use infrared or radio waves to provide a network for
wireless devices and allow users to send data to each other in the coverage area
without limiting cables and wires. WLANs have different wireless network protocols,
such as IEEE802.11, Bluetooth, HomeRF, and HiperLAN. It is compatible with
many wireless WLAN devices, including mobile phones, game consoles, some
cameras, tablets, and GPS systems. WLANs can contain two devices or up to one
hundred and more. (Bradley 2016.)

Wireless Network Components

Core components of WLANs, including client devices, access points, wireless

network adapters, wireless routers, wireless controllers, and wireless antennas.
Client devices are also known as terminals. All wireless capabilities work as clients,
for example, mobile phones, laptops, and PDAs.

Network interface cards, also known as wireless adapters, act as WLAN interfaces
and are required by devices when they want to access WLANs. There are three
different types of network interface cards, including PCMCIA, PCWE, and USB.
PCMCIA cards are designed for laptops and support fast switching, which means
that users can replace or add network interface cards without turning off devices.
PCWE cards are suitable for desktop computers, while USB cards are suitable for
desktop and laptop computers.

The wireless router can act like a normal router or access point. Most wireless
routers are designed for home users. Wireless routers have an internal firewall to
protect home users from being hacked. Even if wireless routers differ in several
ways, generally only one router is required for all members of the family.

The access point acts as a bridge between wireless devices and wired networks.
Access points are generally used in large buildings to create a local wireless network
that spans a wide range of areas. Home users can add an access point but not a
router if they want to expand their network, while office users can add more than one
access point to expand the network to the entire building.

Wireless controllers are used to automatically manage and configure a group of

access points. Wireless controller features including load balancing, coverage hole
detection and correction, interference detection and avoidance. In addition, there are
also antennas on WLANs. The function of the antennas is to send and receive
electromagnetic waves, and users can extend the coverage of the wireless LAN
using the antennas. Transmission speed is greatly reduced when wireless devices
are away from AP or other devices, and antennas will be useful to improve signal
and accelerate transmission speed at the same time.

Wireless Local Area Network Topologies

There are three different types of WLAN topology, including IBSS, BSS, and ESS.
IBSS refers to groups of independent services, also known as a temporary network.,
users can transfer data directly to each other without access points. At least two
wireless stations are required for each topology. We can easily create a small WLAN
in the office using the IBSS topology. But all the nodes must use the same channel.
Figure 2. Independent basic service sets

BSS stands for Basic Service Set, also known as BSS Infrastructure. It requires an
access point when users want to communicate with each other,.

Figure 3. Basic service set

ESS refers to the set of extended services. You can consider combining many BSSs
with a distribution system on the same network, as shown in Figure 4. ESS often has
two or more AP points and can cover a wider area of BSS.
Figure 4. Extended service set

IBSS systems are suitable for large companies because they need many devices
and all devices need a high-speed transmission. BSSs are suitable for home users
because the devices do not need high-speed data transmission.

School background

The campus is a special place for students to learn something new and the campus
network has become an important platform for gaining a deeper understanding. As a
result, building a network in the campus environment has become an important
necessity. The number of students using their own devices is increasing rapidly, and
this increases pressure on the network. Just using the equipment available on
campus is not enough and cannot meet the requirements of the students. Many
universities have become an affordable and affordable wireless network. The
characteristics of the wireless network cannot be combined with a wired network.

In this project, we will design a WLAN for high school. Actual campus situations must
be considered before designing a WLAN. This school has a main building, student
dormitories, a complex building, a gym, and a laboratory building. Around 2,000
students study and 250 teachers work there.
Analysis of business requirements

In this project, the main objective is to use wireless network technology to expand
the network of the teaching area and allow students to connect to the network
anytime, anywhere. In a real environment, it is impossible to extend signals at all
angles using wired networks, which is one of the reasons why we need WLAN.

The goals of the WLAN campus should focus on efficiency, stability, and security.
Easy to install, maintain, and manage. WLAN should have better performance and
low cost at the same time. It must provide teachers with a flexible teaching platform
and an effective study environment for students. The establishment of a WLAN
campus is mainly the following aspects of the requirements. The first is the teacher's
teaching requirements. WLAN will take full advantage of multimedia resources, so
teachers can use WLAN at any time to obtain relevant teaching resources and
course information, then all valuable information for students is conveyed clearly and
accurately.

The second is the student's learning requirements. Students can access information
resources, submit assignments, or do group activities in a WLAN environment. The
third is the number of port requirements. There is much terminal equipment on the
campus network. There is a high demand for network ports in a classroom or library
environment. WLAN will serve the needs of the information points. Fourth, the
requirements for construction cables. WLAN enables seamless communication
between different buildings on campus. Wireless networks can cover signals to
places where wiring is difficult to organize.

We will design WLAN for five different buildings and an outdoor area. The buildings
include the main building, the complex, the bedrooms, the cafeteria, and the
laboratory, as shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5. The plan of the campus

There are six floors in the main building, which consists of classrooms and offices.
There are 5 floors in the building complex consisting of the library and activity rooms.
Additionally, there are six floors in the dormitory, two floors in the cafeteria, and eight
floors in the laboratory building.

Network design

WLAN Topology

In this part we planned a basic topology for the WLAN, as shown in Figure 6.
Figure 6. WLAN topology

In this way, the core of the campus network is the center of the network. The router
is connected to the external network and the firewall. There are different types of
servers connected to the router. We use a primary key connected to the wired
network and a wireless controller connected to the primary key. Then we have
several PoE keys connected to the primary key and the access point connected to
the PoE keys. PoE stands for Power over Ethernet, a technology that allows
network cables to carry electrical energy. This means that only one cable is
sufficient for the PoE adapter to provide network and power connections at the
same time. The access points will then broadcast the wireless signals so that all
clients in the coverage area can access the WLAN.
 WLAN security

The use of transmissions in WLAN can cause a security problem. Planning for
campus wireless LAN security is complex. Some hackers can corrupt the data
without promise. To solve the problem, WLANs always need user authentication
and data privacy. Network security protects organizations from threats and controls
that can access the network. So, for the security part, we will configure the VLAN for
each building, then we will use portal authentication to control access to the WLAN.
As shown in Table 1, each building has its own VLAN number, and we configure the
IP for each location, but we still have to discuss it with the school, whether we can
use these IP addresses or not. The table clearly shows the number of floors we
have for each building and the number of access points we use for each floor.

Table 1. Division of VLAN

Building VLAN IP Gateway Floor AP

1 4

2 4

Main 3 4
101 192.168.101.0 192.168.101.254
Building 4 4
5 4
6 4
1 2
2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2
Complex
6 2
Building 102 192.168.102.0 192.168.102.254
7 2
8 2
9 2
10 2
11 2
1 2
 2 2
3 2
4 2
5 2
Laboratory
6 2
Building 103 192.168.103.0 192.168.103.254
7 2
8 2
1 2
2 2
3 2
4 2
Dormitory 104 192.168.104.0 192.168.104.254
5 2
6 2
1 1

Cafeteria 105 192.168.105.0 192.168.105.254 2 1

Playground 106 192.168.106.0 192.168.106.254 1 2

Total 78

For authentication, we use portal authentication to control access to the network.

With portal authentication, all students and teachers must log in to the portal site,
after which everyone can access the portal site. If they want to access the Internet,
they must pass portal authentication on the portal site. The benefit is that you make
friends with customers directly through the website, without using any client
software. It is up to the IT manager to manage the clients.

Physical network design

For the WLAN campus, we must think of devices from all sides. When choosing
access points, we take into account the following aspects: The first is the
environmental characteristics, whether the access point is used in an indoor area or
an outdoor area. The second is the mounting method, either for ceiling or panel
mounting. The third is the power supply, whether PoE is standard or PoE is
negative. The fourth is WLAN coverage, be it a single room or multiple rooms. How
many clients can access each AP. All devices are manufactured by TP-LINK of
China as they are very suitable for the actual situation of this project.
We chose TL-AP1750C-PoE as the internal AP model, as shown in Figure 25. TL-
AP1750C-PoE is a type of TP-LINK AP AP. It can operate in the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz
bands and allow more customers to access APs than the price at par for other
access points. This AP model has a built-in directional antenna to improve the
coverage quality of the signal area. In a complex environment, we can increase the
AP transmit power to improve the WLAN coverage effect. Depending on the needs
of the building, this AP model can be installed on the ceiling or on the wall. PoE
uses standard power supplies and each access point only needs one network
cable. It is convenient to build. The price of this model is 120 euros.

Figure 7. TL-AP1750C-PoE APTP-LINK 2017

The hardware provisions and software specifications of the model TL-AP1750C-
PoE AP are shown in Table 2.

Table 2. Hardware and software specifications of TL-AP1750C-PoE

We

chose TL-AP300P as the external AP for wireless LAN, as shown in Figure 8. TL-
AP300P is the high power AP model for outdoor locations. ASA outer plastic shell
and professional components are used to have good moisture, dust, antistatic,
shockproof, and lightning protection properties. It will adapt to wind, sun, rain, snow,
and other harsh environments. It will work properly even in high and low-temperature
environment (-30 ° C ~ 70 ° C). TL-AP300P provides a transmission rate of 300Mbps
and has a 9dBwe dual gain polarized antenna that has a stronger signal and a wider
range that covers the area. TL-AP300P has a transmit power of 500mW and an
acceptance sensitivity of -95dBm and is particularly suitable for external WLAN
applications. The passive PoE cable is used for the power supply and 60 meters of
power transmission. The price of the model is 70 euros.

Figure 8. TL-AP300P AP (TP-LINK 2017)

The hardware provisions and software specifications of the model TL-AP300P AP

are shown in Table 3.
Table 3. Hardware and software specifications of TL-AP300P AP
We chose TL-SL1218MP as the template for the access key, as shown in Figure 9.
TL-
SL1218MP is the PoE switch designed by TP-LINK. It will provide standard
switching, video monitoring, and VLAN isolation. Simple switch management and
maintenance. It has been designed to meet the requirements of midsize companies,
society, hotels, office networks, and campuses to create a profitable network. The
key PoE price is € 150.

Figure 9. TL-SL1218MP switch (TP-LINK 2017)

The hardware qualifications and software specifications of the model TL-AP300P

AP are shown in Table 4.

Table 4. Hardware and software specifications of TL-AP1750C-PoE

We chose TL-AC100 as the wireless controller for WLAN, as shown in Figure 10. TL-
AC100 is a TP-LINK wireless controller product designed for hotels, institutions,
schools, shopping malls, and restaurants. It can be standardized to manage up to
100 TP-LINK ceiling access points and plate access points. It can meet a wide range
of wireless engineering requirements. TL-AC100 regularly collects the working status
of each access point, and since the working status of the access points in the
interface will be displayed intuitively, it is easy for IT administrators to manage the
access points. IT administrators can update all AP software with TLAC100 to avoid
update problems separately. It will reduce the complexity of maintenance. In this
case, we have 78 campus access points, so it's best to choose TL-AC100 as your
wireless controller when considering efficiency and cost at the same time. The price
of the wireless controller is 50 euros.

Figure 10. TL-AC100 wireless controller (TP-LINK 2017)

The hardware qualifications and software specifications of the model TL-AC100

wireless controller are shown in Table 5.

Table 5. Hardware and software specifications of TL-AP1750C-PoE

We chose TL-SG5428 as the primary switch for WLAN, as shown in Figure 11. TL-
SG5428 are TP-LINK three-layer Gigabit network management switches designed
for high performance and high-security network. Supports RIP, static route, DHCP
server, DHCP relay, ARP proxy. It will provide a comprehensive security policy, a
perfect quality of service strategy, and VLAN functionality. It is easy to manage and
maintain. It can serve as the primary key for the midsize business, hotel network,
and campus to meet the needs of a stable, reliable, and affordable high-performance
network. The price of this model is 350 euros.

Figure 11. TL-SG5428 core switch (TP-LINK 2017)

The hardware qualifications and software specifications of the model TL-SG5428

core switch are shown in Table 6.
Table 6. Hardware and software specifications of TL-SG5428 core switch

Choosing suitable WLAN campus devices is important. All devices must meet the
needs and realities of WLAN. For campus, always make sure to ensure high-
performance WLAN and cost savings at the same time. The cost of the devices
included in the WLAN was around 10,000 euros, excluding cables and all other
installation fees.

Conclusion

WLAN is a product that combines computer technology and wireless communication

technology. It brings a lot of comfort to people's lives. The goal of the project was to
create a campus WLAN. We successfully build the WLAN topology in practice with
the VISIO tool. We also then we choose the appropriate WLAN security methods
and devices
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