Qatar Landscaping Qcs 2014

QCS 2014 Section 28: Landscaping Page 1
Part 01: Landscape Planting
1 LANDSCAPE PLANTING ....................................................................................................... 3

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS .................................................................................................. 3
1.1.1 Scope ....................................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1.2 References............................................................................................................................................... 3
1.1.3 Quality Assurance ................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1.4 Submittals ............................................................................................................................................... 5
1.1.5 Job Conditions ......................................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 SHIPPING, DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING ............................................................ 7
1.2.1 Shipping and Delivery .............................................................................................................................. 7
1.2.2 Storage .................................................................................................................................................... 8
1.2.3 Handling .................................................................................................................................................. 8
1.3 PRODUCTS ............................................................................................................................. 9
1.3.1 General .................................................................................................................................................... 9
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1.3.2 Plants ....................................................................................................................................................... 9
1.3.3 Labels .................................................................................................................................................... 10
1.3.4 Workmanship / Qualifications .............................................................................................................. 10
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1.3.5 Soil Preparation ..................................................................................................................................... 11
1.3.6 Subsoil Preparation ............................................................................................................................... 11
1.3.7
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Spreading and Preparation of Topsoil ................................................................................................... 12
Soil Specification ................................................................................................................................... 12
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1.3.9 Alternative Soil Specification ................................................................................................................ 13
1.3.10 Soil Additives – Procedure A ................................................................................................................. 14
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1.3.11 Soil Additive - Procedure B .................................................................................................................... 16

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1.3.12 Alternative Soil Additive Specifications ................................................................................................. 17

1.3.13 Compost Specifications ......................................................................................................................... 18
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1.3.14 Contractor’s Responsibilities ................................................................................................................. 21

1.3.15 The Supervising Officer’s Responsibilities ............................................................................................. 22
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1.3.16 Chemical Testing for Fertiliser Equivalence of the Compost ................................................................ 22

1.3.17 Planting Soil Mixture ............................................................................................................................. 23
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1.3.18 Planting Soil Mixture (Sweet Soil) ......................................................................................................... 23

1.3.19 Dry Plant Fertiliser ................................................................................................................................. 23
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1.3.20 Turf Fertiliser ......................................................................................................................................... 23

1.3.21 Mulch .................................................................................................................................................... 23
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1.3.22 Guys and Stakes .................................................................................................................................... 24

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1.3.23 Edging Material ..................................................................................................................................... 24

1.3.24 Irrigation Water..................................................................................................................................... 24
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1.4 SITE PREPARATION FOR PLANTING AREAS ................................................................... 24

1.4.1 General Requirements .......................................................................................................................... 24
1.4.2 Sub-Surface Grading.............................................................................................................................. 25
1.4.3 Finished Grading ................................................................................................................................... 25
1.4.4 Planting Operations and Layout ............................................................................................................ 25
1.4.5 Protection of Existing Vegetation.......................................................................................................... 26
1.5 PLANTING ............................................................................................................................. 26
1.5.1 Plant Pits ............................................................................................................................................... 26
1.5.2 Backfill Mixture ..................................................................................................................................... 26
1.5.3 Installation for Trees and Shrubs .......................................................................................................... 27
1.5.4 Installation of Palms .............................................................................................................................. 28
1.5.5 Cultivation of Turf Areas ....................................................................................................................... 28
1.5.6 Seeding .................................................................................................................................................. 28
1.5.7 Sprigging ................................................................................................................................................ 29
1.5.8 Turfing ................................................................................................................................................... 29
1.5.9 Plant List, Spacing and Sizes .................................................................................................................. 30
1.5.10 Edging Plant Beds .................................................................................................................................. 64
1.5.11 Mulch .................................................................................................................................................... 64
1.5.12 Watering of Plants................................................................................................................................. 64
1.5.13 Pruning .................................................................................................................................................. 65
1.5.14 Anti-Desiccant Application .................................................................................................................... 65
1.5.15 Clean up and Site Restoration ............................................................................................................... 65
1.5.16 Maintenance during Planting Operations ............................................................................................. 65
1.6 EXISTING LANDSCAPING ................................................................................................... 66
1.6.1 Care of Existing Landscaping ................................................................................................................. 66
1.6.2 Identification of Existing Plants ............................................................................................................. 66
1.6.3 Watering and Fertilizing Existing Non Native Trees .............................................................................. 66
1.6.4 Fertilizing Existing Non Native Shrubs and Groundcover Beds ............................................................. 66
1.6.5 Watering Native Trees, Shrubs and Groundcovers ............................................................................... 66
1.6.6 Pruning and Cavity Work....................................................................................................................... 66
1.7 PLANTING MATERIALS ........................................................................................................ 67
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1.7.1 General .................................................................................................................................................. 67
1.7.2 Nomenclature ....................................................................................................................................... 67
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1.7.3 Guaranties – Planting Material ............................................................................................................. 68
1.7.4 Accessories ............................................................................................................................................ 68
1.7.5 Transplanting Plants .............................................................................................................................. 69
1.7.6
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Planting Time ........................................................................................................................................ 70
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1.7.7 Water Consumption .............................................................................................................................. 70
1.7.8 Percolation Test .................................................................................................................................... 71
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1.7.9 Installation for Trees and Shrubs .......................................................................................................... 71
1.7.10 Installation of Palms .............................................................................................................................. 72
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1.8 GRASS ................................................................................................................................... 73

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1.8.1 Materials and Products ......................................................................................................................... 73

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1.8.2 Workmanship ........................................................................................................................................ 73

1.8.3 Soil Preparation ..................................................................................................................................... 73
1.8.4 Delivery ................................................................................................................................................. 74
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1.8.5 Seeding .................................................................................................................................................. 74

1.8.6 Preparation and Installation of Carpet Grass ........................................................................................ 74
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1.8.7 Watering, Cutting, and Completion ...................................................................................................... 75

1.9 APPLICATION OF PESTICIDE ............................................................................................. 75
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1.9.1 General Requirements .......................................................................................................................... 75

1.10 WARRANTy, MAINTENANCE AND HANDOVER ................................................................. 75
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1.10.1 Plant Establishment and Warranty Period ............................................................................................ 75

1.10.2 Plant Maintenance during the Establishment Period ........................................................................... 76
1.10.3 Replacement Plants during the Establishment Period .......................................................................... 76
1.10.4 Lawn Maintenance during Plant Establishment Period ........................................................................ 76
1.10.5 Final Acceptance ................................................................................................................................... 77
1.11 MAINTENANCE ..................................................................................................................... 77
1.11.1 General .................................................................................................................................................. 77
1.11.2 Appearance of the Ground ................................................................................................................... 79
1.11.3 Grass Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 81
1.12 APPENDIX A – Landscaping Details 1 .................................................................................. 86
1.13 APPENDIX B – Ashghal irrigation rates ................................................................................. 89
1.14 APPENDIX C – Landscaping Details 2 .................................................................................. 89
1 LANDSCAPE PLANTING
1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1.1 Scope
1 Work covered under this section consists of furnishing all labour, equipment and material
necessary to perform all operations required for landscaping herein specified.
2 Landscape planting is inclusive but not limited to finished grading, supplying and spreading
of soil, layout of plants and areas, turfing, seeding and sprigging of new lawns, ground cover
plantings, shrub planting, tree planting, landscape edges, maintenance period, landscape
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warranty, appliances and services necessary for and incidental to completing all the planting
operations in a workmanship like manner, according to the provisions of the Project
Documentation.
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3 The details pertaining to this scope of work are herein Appendix A and Appendix B. The
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Contractor shall execute his work as per the details in Appendix A and Appendix B.
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4 Related Sections are as follows:
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Section 6 Road works
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Section 12 Earthworks Related to Buildings

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1.1.2 References
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1 The following standards are referred to in this Part:

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ASTM C516 ................Specification for Vermiculite Loose Fill Thermal Insulation

ASTM C549 ................Specification for Perlite Loose Fill Insulation
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ASTM C136 ................Standard Methods of Sieve and Screen Analysis of Fine and Coarse
Aggregates
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ASTM D422 ................Standard Methods of Particle Size Analysis of soil

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ASTM D2607 .............. Standard Classification of Peat, Mosses, Humus, and Related
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Products
ASTM D2974 ..............Standard Method of Test for Moisture, Ash, and Organic Matter of
Peat Materials
ASTM D2976 .............. Standard Method of Test for pH of Peat Materials
ASTM D2977 .............. Standard Method of Test for Particle Size Range of Peat Materials
AS 3743 .....................Potting mixes. Standards Australia, Sydney Australia

AS 4419 .....................Soils for landscaping and garden use. Standards Australia, Sydney
Australia
BS 1377 .....................Method of test of soils for civil engineering purposes

BS 3998 .....................Tree Work
BS 4043 .....................Transplanting Trees
BS 3882 .....................Topsoil
BS 3936 .....................Nursery Stock and Shrubs
BS 4428 .....................General Landscape Operation
BS 5236 ....................Cultivation and Planting of Trees in the Extra Large Nursery Stock
Category
ANSI Z60-1 ................American Standard for Nursery Stock

NATSPEC – Specifying Trees
Official Method of Analysis, Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC International)
The Australian Dangerous Goods Code (ADG), Department of Infrastructure and Transport,
Government of Australia
Standard Plant Names, American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature (AJCHN)
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Grade and Standards for Nursery Trees – Part II: Palms and Trees, Department of
Agriculture, Florida, USA
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Environmental Regulations and Technology, Control of Pathogens and Vector Attraction in
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Sewage Sludge, United States Environment Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Environmental Guidelines, Use and Disposal of Bio solids Products, Environmental
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Protection Agency, NSW, Australia
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Kirchhoff C, Malina J and Barrett (2003) Characteristics of Compost: Moisture Holding and
Water Quality Improvements. CRWR On-line Report, Centre for Water Resources, University
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of Texas, Austin
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Rayment GE and Higginson FR (1992) Australian Laboratory Handbook of Soil and Water
Chemical Methods. Inkata Press, North Ryde Sydney Australia
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RHS Complete Gardener’s Manual, Royal Horticultural Society, UK

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RHS Encyclopaedia of Plants and Flower, Royal Horticultural Society, UK

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The Royal Horticultural Society A-Z Encyclopaedia of Garden Plants, Royal Horticultural
Society, UK
Post, George E., Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai, American University of Beirut.
Sunset Western Garden Book, Latest Edition.
Wyman, Donald, Wyman’s Gardening Encyclopedia, Macmillan Publishing Company, New

York, U.S.A., Colliers Macmillan Publishers, London, Second Edition, 1986.
Tropica Color Encyclopedia of Exotic Plants and Trees, Alfred Byrd Graf
1.1.3 Quality Assurance
1 Landscape works including soil preparation and planting shall conform to the relevant
requirements of the respective standards, unless otherwise directed by the Engineer.
2 Landscape work must be undertaken by an experienced subcontractor specialising in

landscape work. Work shall be performed and supervised at all times by qualified personnel.
3 All landscape materials shall be shipped with certificates of inspection as required by the
Engineer. Manufacturer’s certified analysis for standard packaged products shall be
provided.
4 Defective plant material shall be considered to be any tree, shrub or other plant that is:
(a) Dead, dying, damaged or otherwise defective upon completion of the works after six
weeks
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or at the first leafing out, whichever is later
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(b) Not in accordance with the Project Documentation.
1.1.4 Submittals
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The Contractor shall submit catalogue data and literature of manufacturers and suppliers.
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2 The Contractor shall submit manufacturer’s certified analysis of all standard products. The
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certificate of origin for all chemicals and pesticides should clearly state that the product is
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used in the manufacturers country.

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3 The Contractor shall submit certificates confirming the origin, size, age of all plant materials
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and that the same are free from insects and disease.
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4 The contractor shall ensure that all landscape materials including soil additives, fertilizers,
compost, organic materials and plants have the required authority approvals affixed.
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5 The Contractor is to submit his method statement for his fertilizer application for the approval
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of the Engineer.
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6 The Contractor shall submit a Plant Procurement Schedule within fourteen (14) days of the
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start of the Contract. All plants for Ashghal projects are to conform with 1.5.9 Table 9b.This
schedule shall identify the source of every plant species to be included in the Works and
highlights plants that must be imported due to non-availability in Qatar. The schedule shall
be documented with the listing of names and locations of all nurseries, growers and plant
material sources. The schedules are a guide and any departure from the guide needs to be
justified on technical grounds that the species will thrive in Qatar.
7 The Contractor shall submit a weekly work schedule for approval before work is started. The
schedule shall identify tasks to be completed on a weekly basis and the anticipated schedule
for completing the tasks. The Contractor will then modify and submit the schedule on a
weekly basis identifying tasks completed, tasks to be completed, problems encountered and
recommendations additional to a monthly report contains all the above in details.
8 A soils report is to be submitted by the Contractor for all soils to be used for landscaping
purposes in the Works. The Contractor shall arrange for an approved independent analyst to
prepare a physical and chemical analysis of the soil and irrigation water to be used. The
analyst shall also provide recommendations on soil amendment, fertiliser application and the
like. The report shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval before soil is placed. In the
case of imported soil, the report shall be submitted at least 10 days prior to delivery. The
report shall identify the source(s) from which imported soils are to be furnished. At a
minimum, the soil shall be analysed for:
(a) Total salts (Electro-Conductivity of soil solution)
(b) Soil pH
(c) Exchangeable Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium
(d) Available Phosphates
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(e) Organic matter as a percentage
(f) Available Zinc, Manganese, Iron and Boron
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(g) Total Sulphates
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The soil analysis shall also include fertilisers and other amendment requirements and
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quantities which when incorporated with the soil will provide the required nutrient levels for
vigorous plant growth.
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10 Additional soil samples shall be taken at the rate of one in every 20 loads or as directed by
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the Engineer and analysed. The results will be compared with the original sample to ensure
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consistency and compatibility of supply.

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11 An operations and maintenance manual is to be provided by the Contractor. Instructions

shall be furnished for year round care of installed plants to be followed by the Owner. As a
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minimum, the manual will include the following:

(a) irrigation details: including water application rates and maintenance procedures
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(b) fertilisation: including fertiliser descriptions, application rates and application schedule
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(c) salinity control: including leaching methods and leaching program monitoring
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(d) pesticide/fungicide/herbicide applications: including safety application rates,

procedures, and schedules
(e) turf grass management: including mowing procedures, aerification, topdressing,
vertical mowing for thatch removal, rolling, overseeding and sprigging
(f) propagation and seasonal replacement of all flowers and flowerbeds
(g) general maintenance: including pruning, stakes and ties, replacement and clean-up,
protective fencing and grading
(h) equipment inventory: including maintenance procedures and manufacturer’s
maintenance manual
(i) landscape maintenance personnel requirements and job descriptions.
1.1.5 Job Conditions
1 The Contractor shall proceed with and complete planting operations as rapidly as possible
as portions of the Site become available, working within seasonal limitations for each type of
landscape work required.
2 No planting shall be carried out during periods of heavy rain, sandstorms, heavy winds, or
during intense daytime heat. Plants and trees shall only be moved or planted between mid-
September and mid-May.
3 When special conditions warrant a variance to the planting time and conditions, a proposed
planting schedule shall be submitted to the Engineer for review and approval. In such cases,
the planting will be installed at no additional cost and all conditions and obligations such as
maintenance and warranty remain the same as specified herein.
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4 Planting of trees and shrubs will occur prior to lawn plantings.
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1.2 SHIPPING, DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING
1.2.1 Shipping and Delivery

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1 Prior to shipping all plants shall be inspected, dug, and made ready for transport in
accordance with standard practices and procedures. The Engineer shall inspect all plants at
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the source prior to delivery to the Site. The Engineer shall be notified of the delivery
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schedule in advance so the plant material can be inspected upon arrival at the Site. All
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unacceptable plant material shall be removed from the Site immediately. The Engineer
reserves the right to reject any plant material that does not meet the quality requirements of
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the Project Documentation.

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2 The Contractor shall protect plants to prevent damage to the root balls, containers or
desiccation of leaves. All plant material shall be delivered in a closed vehicle or in open
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vehicles with the load properly covered in transit for protection from drying winds.
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3 Fertiliser, pesticides, fungicides, chemicals and seed shall be delivered to the Site in the
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original unopened containers bearing the manufacturer’s guaranteed chemical analysis,

name, trade name, or trademark. In lieu of containers, fertiliser’s and seed may be furnished
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in bulk and a certificate indicating the above information shall accompany each delivery. The
fertiliser shall be kept dry and protected from contamination.
4 Palms shall be transported by covered truck. Such transportation shall not exceed 24 hours
from time of loading until arrival at the site. The palms shall be transported and handled in
the following manner:
(a) When the palms are to be shipped, gently place the palm horizontal on a level surface
and tighten the wrapping and tying of frond. At least two layers of burlap must be
used.
(b) Wrap the root ball with a minimum of two layers burlap. Saturate with water and cover.
Periodically, the burlap must be watered. Do not allow the burlap to dry out at any
time.
(c) Do not damage the growth bud in any manner.
(d) Do not water the trunk of the palm.
(e) Do not permit the root ball to become dry.
(f) Use only sharp tools in cutting and trimming.
(g) A bed of 150mm of moist organic soil shall be placed on the floor of the truck. The
palms shall be hoisted by means of nylon or canvas slings and placed horizontally on
the bed of the truck. They shall be laid carefully in an alternating fashion. Moist burlap
shall be placed over the roots to keep them moist.
(h) The entire load shall be covered snugly with two layers of tarpaulin.
(i) The palms shall be secured in such a manner so as to prevent wind from lifting the
tarpaulin and drying the palms.
(j) The palms shall be unloaded using nylon or canvas slings.
1.2.2 Storage
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1 Plants shall be installed as soon as possible after delivery to the Site. Plant material shall be
protected from exposure to wind and direct sunlight prior to installation. Plants not installed
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on the day of arrival shall be stored in shaded areas, protected from the wind and maintained
and watered to good horticultural standards until planted. Care shall be taken to ensure that
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the plants do not dry out. No plant shall be stored on site for more than 3 days prior to
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planting.
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2 Root balled and container grown trees and plants shall be placed close together with root
balls covered with approved soil, peat or straw and kept medium moist until planted.
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3 Bare rooted trees and shrubs shall be heeled into prepared trenches and covered with
agricultural soil or peat and kept medium moist until planted.
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4 Seed and fertilizers shall be kept in dry storage away from contaminants in areas as
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designated or approved by the Engineer. All seed containers shall show clearly the
germination and the purity percentages.
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5 Soil, compost and other organic materials, fertilisers and other mineral amendments shall be
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delivered to the Site and stored separately in approved locations and in a manner to avoid
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contamination and wetting until soil mixing operations commence.

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6 Fertilisers, antidessicants, pesticides and other chemicals shall be delivered to the Site in the
manufacturer’s unopened containers, each fully labelled, conforming to applicable
regulations and bearing the trade name and warranty of the producer. All products if stored
by the Contractor on-site shall remain his responsibility.
1.2.3 Handling
1 Care shall be taken to avoid injury to the plants. Plant material shall not be dropped from
vehicles. Balled and burlapped plants shall be handled carefully to avoid cracking or
breaking the earth ball or damaging any other part of the plant. Container grown plants shall
be handled by the container. Plants shall not be handled by the trunk or stem with the
exception of large trees and Date Palms to be lifted by crane using purpose made sling and
harness..
2 Chemicals shall be stored in a manner to avoid cross contamination. No measuring, mixing

or work of any kind shall be permitted within storage area.
1.3 PRODUCTS
1.3.1 General
1 All plants and turf material will conform to the varieties specified or shown in the Project
Documentation and be true to the botanical name as listed in publications.
2 Substitutions shall only be made when a plant (or alternative as specified) is not obtainable
and the Engineer authorises a change order providing for use of the nearest equivalent
obtainable.
3 Plants shall be supplied from localities similar to the climatic conditions of the Project and be
grown in those conditions for 9 months, a minimum of one complete growing season.
1.3.2 Plants
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1 Only nursery grown plants shall be provided except for palm species.
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2 Plants to be used in the Works shall be well branched and formed planting stock. They shall
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be sound, vigorous and free from disease, sunscald, windburn, abrasions, harmful insects or
eggs, and have a normal healthy, well developed and non-broken root system, evenly
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distributed through the root ball, free of circulation. Plant structure shall be well balanced,
self supporting with unrestricted superstructure and root form.
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3 Deciduous and evergreen trees shall be a single trunk with a single leader, unless otherwise
indicated, and display no weak crotches.
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4 Symmetrically developed trees and shrubs shall be provided with uniform habit and shall be
free from objectionable disfigurement.
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5 Groundcover and vines shall be provided with the number and length of runners for the size
specified.
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6 Trees shall be earth balled and burlapped covered or pot grown.

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7 Shrubs, vines and ground cover plants shall be provided well established in removable
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containers or formed homogenous soil sections.
8 Palms shall have straight parallel sides and healthy stems that are not rotted, infected or
eaten by pests or with root systems extending above the level which the palm was originally
planted. Palms should have vigorous root system, a crown of new leaves, leaves the colour
of an adult palm and proper hardiness. Palms shall be balled and burlapped unless container
grown palms are available. Off shoots are not acceptable.
9 The digging and lifting of palms shall take place in accordance with the following procedure:
(a) Remove all suckers, all flowering and fruiting parts and approximately 30 % of the
fronds
(b) Trim remaining fronds to 65 % of original length, lift fronds to enclose and protect the
growing tip. Wrap in burlap cloth and securely tie in place
(c) Saturate the entire root ball with water prior to excavation
(d) Dig with hand tools a vertical sided trench to a minimum depth of 750 mm, cleanly
cutting roots no closer than 250 mm from the stem
(e) Under cut roots and carefully lift tree, avoiding any shock which may damage leaf
heart
(f) Wrap root ball with burlap and secure with wire mesh to contain soil and retain
maximum soil moisture.
10 The minimum acceptable sizes of all plants measured before pruning in normal position shall
conform to the measurements specified in the Project Documentation. Plants larger in size
than specified may be used with the approval of the Engineer, at no extra cost.
11 Container grown trees, shrubs, groundcover and vines shall have sufficient root growth to
hold the earth intact when removed from the containers, but shall not be rootbound.
Containers shall be sufficiently rigid to hold ball shape and protect root mass during shipping.
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12 A plant schedule is to be provided listing the designated plants and following information:
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(a) Botanical Name
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(b) Common Name
(c) Quantity
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(d) Size, including height, caliper and root ball
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(e) Condition
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(f) Additional Pertinent Data

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13 Plants which are provided in pots or other containers and which have been acclimatised to
outside conditions are acceptable provided they are equal in quality to field grown stock and
are not root bound. Ground cover plants shall be of the species, sizes, and spacing shown
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on plant materials schedule, sufficient to cover fully the designated area as shown on
drawings.
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14 It is the Contractor’s responsibility for potting on plants as required to prevent root binding.
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The Engineer can reject any plant that is root bound. All costs of potting on will be the
Contractors responsibility.
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1.3.3 Labels
1 Each plant, or group of plants or container of the same species, variety, and size of plant,
shall be legibly tagged with a durable, waterproof and weather resistant label indicating the
nursery source, correct plant name and reference number if applicable. Labels shall be
securely attached and not removed.
1.3.4 Workmanship / Qualifications
1 The Contractor shall submit samples of materials for approval as per the list below. For
standard products, the manufacturer’s analysis will be acceptable. For all other materials,
analysis is to be provided by recognized laboratories.
(a) Soil Mix
(b) coco peat or equivalent organic materials such as recycled peat moss.
(c) Fertilizer
(d) Organic Manure
(e) Soil Conditioner
(f) Pesticides
(g) Gravel Mulch
(h) Wood Mulch
(i) Pruning Paint
(j) Gypsum Paint
(k) Wood Stakes
2 Soil samples will be taken by the Engineer upon his request and at random time and
location, samples will be tested at a certified soil lab at the Contractor’s expense.
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3 Sampling and testing shall be the responsibility of the Contractor and shall be performed at
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no additional cost to the Client, by an approved commercial testing laboratory.
(a) Tests shall be performed in sufficient number to ensure that the materials meet the
specified requirements.
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(b) Copies of the test results shall be furnished to the Engineer for approval.
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1.3.5 Soil Preparation
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1 Soil preparation materials and products shall conform to the description herein after.
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2 Soil: soil is composed of a mixture of sand and clay. Sand is dune sand from Government
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approved site. Clay is from Government approved site.

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3 Drainage Stone: Crushed hard durable stone washed free of loam, sand, clay, and other
foreign substances and evenly graded from 20 mm minimum to 30 mm maximum size.
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4 Stone Mulch: washed white stone pebbles, washed free of loam, sand, clay, and other
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foreign substance, evenly graded 25 to 50 mm.

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5 Wood Bark Mulch: coniferous wood bark, free of disease and pests, not shredded, min. 10
mm x 50 mm pieces with a pH of 4.5 as minimum.
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6 Permeable Membrane: non-woven, 70% polypropylene, 0.3 mm thick, weighing 70 g/m ,
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with permeability to water of 80 litres/m /sec at 100 mm head of water. Membrane is to be
resistant to all naturally occurring soil acidities and to tearing and stress and is to remain
unaffected by direct sunlight for up to one month.
7 Nursery: shall be Qatari based company of proven experience, specializing in growing and
cultivating plants as listed in this specification.
1.3.6 Subsoil Preparation
1 The Contractor shall excavate and Provide Earth filling as necessary to achieve the subsoil
levels and profiles required.
2 Break up soil for a depth of 300 mm and grade to levels and profiles shown on drawings in
order to achieve tolerances specified for the finished level of topsoil.
3 Where the topsoil is to be laid on rock sub-strata, break up and loosen the rock surface for a
minimum depth of 300 mm.
4 Root Barrier (Root control system), as per the details drawings,.
5 is to line the tree pits or trenches, over or beside service pipes and hard landscape
structures such as sidewalks, pavements, and concrete building foundations to prevent
structural damage due to root penetration or heaving
1.3.7 Spreading and Preparation of Topsoil
1 Topsoil Filling: spread over prepared subsoil in layers not exceeding 200 mm and firm
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gently each layer by watering lightly before spreading the next.
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2 Final Grading: when topsoil is reasonably dry and workable, grade to levels shown on
Drawings.
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Finished Levels: unless otherwise stated, finished levels of topsoil after settlement to be 70
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mm below adjacent paving or curbs not less than 150 mm below finished ground floor slab
level of adjoining buildings married-in with adjoining soil areas
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4 Fallow Period: where possible carry out cultivation of topsoil sufficiently early for it to lie
fallow for several months. During this period, prevent growth and seeding of weeds by
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further cultivation or by application of herbicides if permitted.

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1.3.8 Soil Specification

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1 The contractor shall be responsible for the procurement, transportation, mixing, placing,
mounding and finished grading. The specified mix shall be strictly controlled over all the
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grading work.
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2 Soil mix shall consist of a mix of dune sand, clay and approved organic materials with the
following proportion:
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3 75% sand, 20% clay, 5% organic materials for all plants in parks, roads and open areas.
4 100% sand for grass in sports fields.
5 Dune Sand: shall be suitable for inclusion into the soil mix and free from excessive salts,
weeds, stones or other foreign matter taken from a maximum depth of 500 mm having
removed surface crust and gypsoferrous accumulations.
6 Dune sand shall be obtained from an approved source. Irrigate at maximum rate for two
days before planting to wash salt from the sand.
7 Dune sand shall possess the following physical and chemical characteristics.
(a) Physical Characteristics (Table 1):
Table 1: Dune Sand Grading Criteria
Sieve Size % of Material Passing
No 10 sieve 100%
No 35 sieve 85 to 100%
(b) Loamy sand, clay to be less than 0.002 mm

(c) Chemical Characteristics:
(i) Salinity (ECE x 1000): less than 4
(ii) SAR (Sodium Absorption Ratio): less than 2
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(iii) Boron (saturation extract): less than 1.0 ppm
between 6.0 – 7.5
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(iv) pH:
(v) Free carbonates: less than 0.5% air dried soil
(vi) Chlorides:
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less than 200 ppm in saturation extract
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(vii) Sulphates: less than 15% in neutral saturation extract
(viii) Nitrates: less than 75 ppm in saturation extract
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(ix) Phosphorous: 10 – 15 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

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extract (½ hour shake)

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(x) Exchangeable sodium: less than 15% in neutral normal ammonium

acetate
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(xi) Potassium: 100 – 400 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

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(xii) Magnesium: 25 – 100 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

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8 Clay shall be obtained from an approved source.

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9 Clay shall have uniform composition and structure, a lean clay character, and be free from
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roots, stones, clods larger than 50 mm in greatest dimension, pockets of coarse, sand,
noxious weeds, sticks and other litter. It shall not be infected with nematodes or other
undesirable insects and plant disease organisms. Prior to mixing all lumps shall be
thoroughly broken up.
1.3.9 Alternative Soil Specification
1 Alternatively (to Clause 1.3.8) soil shall be sweet sand free of admixtures of subsoil, foreign
matter, toxic substances, weeds and any material or substance that may be harmful to plant
growth upon the Engineer’s approval.
2 The Contractor shall furnish agricultural soil from approved sites.
3 Material shall be stored in piles less than 1 metre high. Piles shall be protected from undue
compaction and maintained free of contamination and construction debris.
4 The soil shall comply with the following chemical criteria:

(a) pH value: not less than 6.5 nor more than 8.5
(b) electro-conductivity: less than 4 mm mhos/cm saturated extract at 25oC
(c) free carbonates: less than 0.5 % air dried.
(d) chlorides: less than 200 ppm in saturated extract.
(e) sulphates: less than 200 ppm in saturated extract.
(f) exchangeable sodium: less than 15 % in neutral normal ammonium acetate.
(g) boron: less than 1.5 ppm, hot water soluble.
5 The soil shall comply with the grading criteria in Table 2.
Table 2 Grading Criteria
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Sieve Size (mm) % by Mass Passing
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5.000 100
2.380 65 to 100
1.180 o.
45 to 100
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0.600 35 to 80
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0.300 5 to 48
in
0.150 0 to 15
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0.075 0 to 3
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1.3.10 Soil Additives – Procedure A

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1 There are two applicable procedure, contractors shall follow EITHER procedure (A) OR
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procedure (B).
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2 Procedure A Consists of the following components:

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3 Composted organic waste shall be a recycled waste product such as cocopeat, or a fully
natural authority approved composted product shredded and granulated to pass through a
12 mm mesh screen and conditioned in storage piles for at least 6 months. The compost
shall be free from sticks, stones, roots, and other objectionable matter. It shall have a pH
value of not less than 7 and nor more than 7.5. The minimum organic content shall be 85%
on a dry weight basis. Compost shall be delivered in undamaged recyclable bags in air dry
condition.
4 Manure shall be pasteurized dried pelletized sewage sludge or decomposed animal manure
of fully fermented pre-dried, sheep, horses, goat, cow or chicken manure with nitrogen,
phosphoric acid and potassium and a pH value of 6.0 to 7.5. Manure shall be free of stones,
sticks and non-biodegradable material. Manure shall be heat treated, free from pathogen,
weeds and other pollutant. A health certificate shall be submitted for the proposed sample.
Animal manure shall not be used for top dressing of grass area.
5 Vermiculite shall be horticultural grade and free of any toxic material and conform to ASTM
C516.
6 Perlite shall conform to ASTM C549.
7 Natural zeolite products
8 Fertilizer shall be commercial grade and uniform in composition. Fertilizer shall be of slow
release 2 month minimum and shall bear the manufacturer’s guaranteed statement of
analysis.
9 Granular fertilizer for trees, shrubs, ground covers and seasonal shall consist of, percentage
by weight, 5 % nitrogen (N), 10 % available phosphoric acid (P) and 5 % potassium (K). For
grass use minimum 11 % nitrogen (N), 11 % available phosphoric acid (P) and11 %
potassium and micro nutrients.
10 Plant derived fertilizers: shall be used in all soil mix as alternative option to animal manure. It
shall be heat treated, free from seeds and nematodes and possess the following
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characteristics.
(a) Organic content: more than 70%
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(b) C:N ratio more than 20%
(c)
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Particle size not bigger than 2 mm for 80% of the mix
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(d) Humic Acid more than 10%
(e) pH 5-6.
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11 Dry Plant Fertilizers shall have following properties:

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(a) Fertiliser shall be commercial grade and uniform in composition.

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(b) Packets of slow release fertiliser shall bear the manufacturer’s guaranteed statement
of analysis.
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(c) Granular fertiliser for trees and shrubs shall consist of, by percentage by weight, 5 %
nitrogen (N), 10 % available phosphoric acid (P) and 5 % potassium (K).
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(d) Controlled release fertiliser shall consist of, by percentage by weight, 5 % nitrogen (N),
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10 % available phosphoric acid (P) and 5 % potassium (K). Control released fertiliser
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may be in packet or tablet form.

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12 Turf Fertilizer shall be commercial grade, free flowing and uniform in composition and bear
the manufacturer’s guaranteed statement of analysis.
13 Edging Material shall be galvanized steel, polyethylene, electrostatically painted aluminium

or other as approved by the Engineer. The material shall be to the sizes designated in the
drawings. Edging anchors shall be as recommend by the manufacturer.
14 Irrigation Water shall be provided by the Contractor from an off-site source approved by the
Engineer as being suitable for irrigation. Water shall be free from substances harmful to plant
life. Water sources shall not exceed the following parameters:
(a) pH: 6 to 7
(b) total dissolved solids: less than 1000 ppm
1.3.11 Soil Additive - Procedure B
1 There are two applicable procedure, contractors shall follow EITHER procedure (A) OR
procedure (B).
2 Procedure B Consists of the following components:
3 Manure: shall be the decomposed animal manure, pasteurized dried pelletized sewage
sludge or fully fermented pre-dried heat treated sheep, horses, goat, cow or chicken manure
with nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium and a pH value of 6.0 to 7.5. Manure shall be
free of stones, sticks and non-biodegradable material. Manure shall be heat treated, free
from pathogen, weeds and other pollutant. A health certificate shall be submitted for the
proposed sample. Animal manure shall not be used on the top dressing of grass area.
4 Soil conditioner: shall be as detailed in the following paragraphs.
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(a) Soil conditioner shall be added with the organic manure only, it must meet the
requirements below (Table 3).
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Table 3: Soil Additives Proportion for Plants
Organic or
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Organic Fertilizer
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Soil other Inorganic Mixing
Plant Type
Conditioner composted Animal or Plant Fertilizer Depth
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waste
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As per
5% soil
Palms manufacturer 25 kg/Tree 5 Kg/Tree 100 g/Tree 40 cm
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volume
recommendations
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As per
5% soil
Trees manufacturer 12.5 kg/Tree 5 Kg/Tree 50 g/Tree 40 cm
volume
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recommendations
As per
Shrubs 5% soil
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manufacturer 7 kg/Shrub 1 Kg/Shrub 25 g/Shrub 30 cm

Large volume
recommendations
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As per
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Shrubs 5% soil 2
manufacturer 5 kg/Shrub 0.5 Kg/Shrub 25 g/m 30 cm
Small volume
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recommendations
As per
5% soil 5 kg/linear 0.5 kg/linear
Hedges manufacturer 25 g/ linear m 20 cm
volume m m
recommendations
Ground As per
5% soil 2 2 2
Cover & manufacturer 5 kg/m 0.5 kg/m 25 g/m 20 cm
volume
Seasonal recommendations
As per
5% soil 2 2 2
Lawn manufacturer 5 kg/m 1 kg/m 50 g/m 20 cm
volume
recommendations
(b) Materials supplied shall NOT be any of the following:

(i) classified as hazardous according to National Occupational Health & Safety
Commission, Australia (NOHSC) criteria or equivalent
(ii) classified as a dangerous good by the criteria of the Australian Dangerous
Goods (ADG code) or equivalent
(iii) classified as a dangerous good for transport by Australian Code for the
Transport of Dangerous goods by Road and Rail or equivalent
(iv) flammable or explosive
(v) poisonous or allocated a poison schedule number by Standard for the Uniform
Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons (SUSDP) or equivalent
(c) Composition / Information on ingredients: The materials used in the production
process must be derived from naturally occurring and sustainable sources and are
consistent with organic principals. It shall NOT contain synthetic chemicals, animal
components, animal by-products, manure or manure by-products. It must be
environmentally safe and is not harmful to animals, plants or humans and shall not
contain chemicals or genetically modified materials.
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(d) Accidental Release Measures and Spillage: The soil conditioner must have moisture
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content above 32%. Ventilate spillage area. Collect and place in sealable containers
for disposal. Avoid generating dust.
(e) Handling and storage
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(i) Handling: Before use contractors shall carefully read the product label. Use of
safe work practices are recommended to avoid eye or skin contact and
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inhalation. Observe good personal hygiene, including washing hands before
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eating. Prohibit eating, drinking and smoking in contaminated areas.

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(ii) Storage: Store in well-ventilated area, removed from oxidising agents and heat
sources. Ensure containers are adequately labelled, protected from physical
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damage and sealed when not in use. Check regularly for leaks or spills.
(f) The Contractor shall ensure the safety of the workers and the environment at all times
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(g) Fertilizers/plant nutrients must be beneficial to plants at low levels, not in high levels
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which might cause reducing growth or burns in sensitive species. Excess shall be
washed through soil to waterways. Contractors shall minimize Fertilizers released to
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waterways which might cause algal blooms, with potential for toxic effects on aquatic
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organisms.
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(h) Disposal Considerations

(i) Waste Disposal: Reuse or recycle where possible. Alternatively, ensure material
is covered with moist soil to prevent dust generation and dispose of to an
approved landfill site.
(ii) Legislation: Dispose of in accordance with Qatari local legislation.
(i) Material shall contain only chemicals listed on the Australian Inventory of Chemical
Substances (AICS) or equivalent.
1.3.12 Alternative Soil Additive Specifications
1 Should the Engineer decide on an alternative soil Additive (to Clause 1.3.11), the Contractor
may use the specification listed below hereinafter.
2 Preamble
3 The following is a specification for composted products suitable for use as a soil amelioration
agent. Hereinafter described as “the composted product.”
4 Definition
5 “HACCP” – Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points is a method that addresses physical,
chemical and biological controls as a means of prevention rather than inspection of finished
product inspection.
6 Supply Conditions
(a) All products supplied shall conform fully, to the standards indicated herein or to an
equivalent standard subject to the agreement of the Supervising Officer (SO).
(b) It is noted that the composted products may vary, (within acceptable limits) to the
physical and chemical parameters stated within this specification. Such variations
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must not compromise the agronomic characteristics of the product and where
variations in analysis occur the supervising officer must be informed prior to placement
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of the product.
(c) The contractor shall demonstrate to the supervising officer that the manufacturers
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(“The Suppliers”) of the composted product have HACCP accreditation or equivalent
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with the agreement of the supervising officer. Where HACCP accreditation is not in
place documentation of a site based product management plan that demonstrates the
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principles of HACCP is necessary.
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(d) The contractor shall supply appropriate production and sampling documentation from
the supplier that shall clearly indicate that the product conforms to the composted
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specification.
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(e) The supervising officer may reject any product or batch that (on the basis of analysis
and documentation) is deemed not to conform to standards specified herein. On this
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basis the Contractor must submit all documentation 10 (ten) working days prior to
placement to allow for interpretation of the analyses and for approval of placement to
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be granted or with-held as appropriate.

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(f) The whole quantity required to complete the project must be of the same type,
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manufacture and/or source. No change of source will be permitted without approval.

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As such written evidence of the source of the compost must be supplied when
requested by the supervising officer.
1.3.13 Compost Specifications
1 All composted products must conform to the minimum requirements specified in Tables 4
and 5. The particle size distribution grades of the composted product must meet the criteria
for a top-dressing product (Table 5, as specified in AS 4419 soils for landscaping and garden
use).
Table 4:
Contaminant acceptance concentration limits, Sludge Quality for Land
Application / composted soil conditioners (Exceptional Quality USEPA Part
503 / EC Directive 86/278/EEC / NSW EPA/ GCC Fertilizer Law 2006).
Heavy Metal maximum Organic chemical maximum concentration
contaminant concentration mg/kg contaminant mg/kg
Arsenic 10 DDT/DDD/DDE 0.5
Cadmium 20 Aldrin 0.02
Chromium (total) 300 Dieldrin 0.02
Copper 1000 Chlordane 0.02
Lead 300 Heptachlor 0.02
Mercury 10 HCB 0.02
Nickel 200 Lindane 0.02
Selenium 50 BHC 0.02
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Zinc 2500 PCBs not detectable
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2 As a minimum requirement, all composted products to be used as a soil conditioner must
meet the temperature, time and turning frequency as specified by the USEPA standard for
pathogen disinfection and vector reduction.
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3 Pathogen disinfections and weed seed reduction shall be achieved by the aerobic,
thermophilic decomposition of organic matter which produces a humus-like material. Using
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the windrow composting method, the temperature of the windrow is maintained at 55 C
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(131 F) or higher for 15 consecutive days or longer. During the period when the compost is
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maintained at 55 C (131 F) or higher, there shall be a minimum of 5 turnings of the windrow

(USEPA).
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Table 5: Chemical testing results required for the < 2mm fines of a
composted soil conditioner to verify the suitability of the soil conditioning
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properties of the composted product for Qatar.

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Compost Parameter Test Method Parameter Requirements

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<2% by wt > 5mm,

Particle size Top Dressing AS 4419 <15% by wt pass a 5 mm
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sieve but not a 2 mm sieve
Heavy metal and organic NSW EPA - threshold levels for

Refer Table 4
chemical contaminants grade A Biosolids
pH 1:5 soil water extract# 5.5 to 8.5
Electrical Conductivity 1:5 soil water extract# < 2.5 dS/m
Wettability Appendix C AS 3743 < 2 minutes
Total water holding capacity Appendix B AS 3743 > 40%
Chloride *1:5 soil water extract < 600 mg/kg
% organic carbon *Dichromate wet oxidation >15% by mass
Effective Cation Exchange *1 M ammonium chloride pH7, no > 40 meq/100g

Compost Parameter Test Method Parameter Requirements
Capacity (ECEC) pretreatment for salts
Exchangeable sodium % *1 M ammonium chloride pH7, no

< 15%
(from exchangeable cations) pretreatment for salts
º
As received moisture content *Oven-dry 105 C basis < 40% by mass
Methods indicated by a hatch (#) and the parameter requirements are based on the Australian
Standard AS 4419 - soils for landscaping and garden use.
Reference to AS 3743 - potting mixes indicates that the method and the parameter requirements are
based on this australian standard (AS 3743).
Methods preceded by an asterisk (*) are internationally recognised for testing the chemical properties
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of soil, and are described in the text Rayment and Higginson (1992), Australian Laboratory Handbook
of soil and water chemical methods.
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4 Contamination of the compost may occur due to poor source separation as with municipal
green-waste and/or through poor control in turning and loading during production. These
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indicate poor composting practice and procedure. As such, any batches found to contain
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deleterious material (for example soil, sharps such as glass or metal, contaminants such as
plastic or stones) will be rejected by the supervising officer.
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5 In addition, the fines of the compost (<10 mm particle size) shall be analyzed for chemical
and organic contaminants, to verify compliance with appropriate threshold levels (Table 4
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and Table 5) for minimizing the contamination of soils with potentially hazardous substances
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(e.g. NSW EPA - threshold levels for grade A biosolids). Where a case can be made that
higher concentrations of trace elements such as copper and zinc may be beneficial, limits of
1,500 mg/kg and 2,800 mg/kg may be accepted (Kirchhoff et al 2003). No detectable PCB
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compounds are permitted, at a 0.2 mg per kg detection limit.

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6 Attributes of the Compost shall be appropriate for use as a soil conditioner in the sandy soils
of Qatar, the composted product must be verified as possessing the following attributes:
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(a) a high total water holding capacity to function in part as a replacement for sphagnum
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peat
(b) a high cation exchange capacity (nutrient holding capacity of the soil), to function in
part as a replacement for sphagnum peat
(c) a low chloride ion concentration and a low exchangeable sodium percentage to
minimize the salt concentration in the rooting zone, and
(d) a high proportion of the nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer value of the product to be in
the slow-release organic form, to reduce the risk of leaching nutrients into the
groundwater
7 Application rates shall be as follows:

(a) The composted product will be incorporated into a soil to improve its physical and
chemical properties at rates determined by the site, planting and soil parameters.
(b) Composted products verifying compliance with Tables 4 and 5 are considered suitable
for application to soils in Qatar as a soil conditioner. The preferred mode of application
is incorporation into the soil, to a depth of 20 cm. However, after a routine cultivation
maintenance operation such as plugging in turf, a composted soil conditioner may be
applied to the surface of the soil as a top-dressing.
(c) The rate of application to soil of a composted soil conditioner shall be based on the
fertilizer equivalence of the product. For chemical testing (refer to Table 5), the
composite sample shall be screened through a sieve with an aperture size of 2 mm
with the particles retained on the sieve excluded from the analysis. A bulk density test
shall be undertaken on the compost (refer to the method in Appendix B of AS 4419),
to enable the calculation of fertilizer equivalence on a mass basis, to a volumetric
basis for ease of application.
(d) The maximum application rate permitted for incorporation into a soil shall be based on
the results of chemical testing of the receiving soil.
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8 The contractor shall ensure that the supplier takes from each separate batch, at least x10
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random samples each having a volume of not less than 200ml that are blended to produce a
composite sample of not less than 2 ltr (Appendix A AS 4419). Where necessary, the
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compost sample shall be air dried overnight (room temperature less than 35°C) to facilitate
sieving. The size of a batch will be determined in accordance with the HACCP procedures
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9 Internationally accepted testing methods must be applied to the compost samples and a
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certificate of analysis supplied with each compost consignment or as requested by the

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supervising officer.
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1.3.14 Contractor’s Responsibilities

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1 The contractor shall verify that the compost has been produced according to a HACCP-
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based site and product management plan, and that production temperature and turning
records comply with the USEPA pathogen disinfection and vector reduction requirements of
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the relevant sections of the specification.

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2 The contractor shall use the results of the chemical tests listed in Table 4 and Table 5, to
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calculate the plant-available (immediate fertilizer) and slow-release fertilizer equivalence of

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each specific batch of compost intended for use as a soil conditioner. The results shall be
expressed on the oven-dry mass basis of the <2mm particle size grade.
3 The contractor shall also calculate the maximum (field weight basis) application of the
composted soil conditioner on the fertilizer (plant-available) equivalence of the least limiting
major nutrient (most commonly phosphorus or potassium) in the compost, and the annual
fertilizer application recommendations for the receiving soil.
4 The contractor shall ensure that the supplier has provides all documentation to the
Contractor as required by same – this shall include: HACCP (or equivalent) certification;
temperature and turning records of the material; physical and chemical testing results for
each batch of compost supplied.
1.3.15 The Supervising Officer’s Responsibilities
1 The supervising officer (Engineer) shall ensure that the appropriate documentation is in
place in accordance with the specification. Adjust all other inorganic fertilizer application
rates to account for the fertilizer equivalence of the applied compost (eg sewage sludge
pellets). Accounting for the fertilizer contribution of the compost in the fertilizer management
regime is necessary, to avoid causing nutrient imbalance or nutrient excess in the rooting
zone. Nutrient imbalance and/or excess are known to increase the severity of root disease.
1.3.16 Chemical Testing for Fertiliser Equivalence of the Compost
1 Chemical testing for results required to determine the fertiliser equivalence of the compost
shall be as described herein.
2 The following methods have been selected as the most suitable for testing of minerals
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contained within an organic matrix. Subtracting the fertilizer value of the nutrient from the
total value indicates the slow-release (organic) nutrient pool. In the case of nitrogen,
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subtracting the ammonium concentration (Table 6) from the total kjeldahl nitrogen value will
indicate the slow-release (organic) nutrient pool. Potassium is a component of the cell sap in
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organic materials, with very little locked up in the organic (slow-release) form. The as
received moisture content is required to enable calculations of the oven-dry application rates
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to be adjusted for the field moisture content of the product.
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Table 6: Chemical testing results required to determine the fertiliser

equivalence of the compost.
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Reference in Rayment
Compost Parameter Test Method
& Higgins on
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Fertilizer phosphorus Bicarbonate extractable P 9B

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X-ray fluorescence or sodium

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Total phosphorus 9A
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carbonate fusion
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Fertilizer potassium Bicarbonate extractable P 18A1
Nitrate nitrogen In the presence of nitrite 7C1b
Total nitrogen Kjeldahl 7A
Exchangeable Cations From ECEC in Table 4 & 5 15A1
As received moisture
content From Table 4 & 5 2B1
1.3.17 Planting Soil Mixture
1 The planting soil mixture for shall consist of approved soil, cocopeat or recycled organic
compost,, manure, pasteurized pelletized sludge and other soil conditioners as specified in
the Project Documentation.
2 The mixture shall be placed in accordance with the requirements of the trees, shrubs or
grass to be planted.
1.3.18 Planting Soil Mixture (Sweet Soil)
1 The planting soil mixture shall consist of approved soil (sand and clay), cocopeat,; approved
organic compost; pasteurized pelletized sludge; organic and inorganic fertilizer. Peat is not to
be used without manufacturer’s certification confirming that it is a recycled product.
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2 The mixture shall be placed in accordance with the requirements of the trees, shrubs or
grass to be planted as per Table 3 (Soil Additives Proportion for Plants).
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3 Soil additives: Shall be added as per Table 3 (Soil Additives Proportion for Plants).
4
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Peat and compost or soil conditioner shall be added for palms earlier than 4 months after
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planting, subject to the Engineer approval.
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5 Provide analysis of soil mixture from samples approved by the Engineer.
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1.3.19 Dry Plant Fertiliser

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1 Fertiliser shall be commercial grade and uniform in composition.
2 Packets of slow release fertiliser shall bear the manufacturer’s guaranteed statement of
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analysis.
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3 Granular fertiliser for trees and shrubs shall consist of, by percentage by weight, 5 %
nitrogen (N), 10 % available phosphoric acid (P) and 5 % potassium (K).
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4 Controlled release fertiliser shall consist of, by percentage by weight, 5 % nitrogen (N), 10 %
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available phosphoric acid (P) and 5 % potassium (K). Control released fertiliser may be in
packet or tablet form.
1.3.20 Turf Fertiliser
1 Fertiliser shall be commercial grade, free flowing and uniform in composition and bear the
manufacturer’s guaranteed statement of analysis.
1.3.21 Mulch
1 Mulch shall be free of weeds, sticks and other deleterious material.
2 Inert mulch material shall be crusher run rock, granite chips, marble chips or other suitable
material approved by the Engineer.
3 Organic mulch material shall be coco bean shell, shredded bark or other suitable recycled
organic material approved by the Engineer.
1.3.22 Guys and Stakes
1 Stakes for tree support shall be rough sawn wood, free from knots, rot, cross grain, or other
defects that impair the strength. Stakes shall be treated with pentachlorophenol or other
approved non-injurious green preservative.
2 Bracing stakes shall be a minimum of 50 mm by 50 mm by 2,400 mm long and pointed at

one end.
3 Ground stakes shall be a minimum of 50 mm by 50 mm by 900 mm long and pointed at one

end.
4 Guying wire shall be 2.7 mm annealed galvanized steel wire.
5 Guying cable shall be a minimum of five strand, 2.76 mm diameter cadmium plated steel
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cable.
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6 Hose chafing guards shall be new 2-ply reinforced rubber or plastic hose and shall be of the
same colour for the entire Project. The length of hose chafing guards shall be 1½ times the
circumference of the plant at its base.
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7 Flags shall be fastened to the guys and be white surveyor’s tape.
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1.3.23 Edging Material
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1 Edging material shall be galvanized steel, polyethylene, electrostatically painted aluminium

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or other as approved by the Engineer. The material shall be to the sizes designated in the
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drawings. Edging anchors shall be as recommend by the manufacturer.
1.3.24 Irrigation Water

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1 Irrigation water shall be provided by the Contractor from an off-site source approved by the
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Engineer as being suitable for irrigation. Water shall be free from substances harmful to plant
life. Water sources shall not exceed the following parameters:
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(a) pH : 6 to 7
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(b) total dissolved solids : less than 1000 ppm
1.4 SITE PREPARATION FOR PLANTING AREAS
1.4.1 General Requirements
1 The contractor shall examine areas to receive landscaping for compliance with requirements
and conditions affecting performance of work in this section. The contractor shall not
proceed with plant operations until unsatisfactory conditions are discussed with the engineer
and corrected.
2 The contractor shall determine the location of above grade and underground utilities and
perform work in a manner which will avoid damage to them. Damage to underground utilities
shall be repaired at the contractor’s expense.
3 When conditions detrimental to plant growth are encountered, such as rubble, adverse
drainage or obstructions, The Contractor shall notify the Engineer prior to planting.
4 The Engineer shall verify that sub-grades are as indicated in the project documentation.
5 Grade stakes shall be maintained until removal of them is mutually agreed upon by all
parties concerned.
6 When grades are encountered that are detrimental to finished grading and planting
operations, the contractor shall notify the Engineer prior to planting.
1.4.2 Sub-Surface Grading
1 All perennial weeds shall be treated with an approved herbicide and the period of time
recommended by the manufacturer shall be allowed to elapse prior to commencing grading
operations
2 Grading operations shall occur when the sub-soil is reasonably dry and workable.
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3 Areas to be graded shall be shaped to smooth flowing contours with all minor hollows and
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ridges removed. Rock projections and boulders shall be removed and disposed of at a
location as agreed with the Engineer.
4
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Non-cohesive, light subsoil shall be loosened with a 3-tine ripper to a depth of 300 mm at
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600 mm centres. Limestone and other cohesive substrate shall be loosened with a single
tine ripper to a depth of 450 mm at 1 m centres.
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5 A minimum of 150 mm of approved soil shall be spread uniformly over the loosened area
and incorporated into the sub-grade soil to obtain a uniform and well pulverised soil mix.
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6 The area shall be compacted to a minimum of 90% of maximum dry density as determined in
accordance with test 13 of BS 1377.
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1.4.3 Finished Grading

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1 Grades shall be brought to the finished ground levels as indicated on the project drawings or
as agreed with the Engineer to a tolerance of ± 25 mm. finished ground levels shall be 30
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mm below adjoining paving or kerbs after compaction and settlement. Grading shall be
carried out in such a manner that even gradients are formed between the spot levels
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indicated on the project drawings. No depressions shall remain which could collect standing
water.
2 Soil shall be placed in lifts not greater than 150 mm in thickness.
3 The filled area shall be compacted to a minimum of 90% of maximum density as determined
in accordance with test 13 of BS 1377.
1.4.4 Planting Operations and Layout
1 Plant material locations and planting bed outlines shall be staked two (2) days before any
excavations are made.
2 The Contractor shall notify the Engineer two (2) days before the start of planting operations.
3 Plant locations may be adjusted by the Engineer to meet site conditions.

1.4.5 Protection of Existing Vegetation
1 Grassed areas that have been established prior to planting operations shall be covered
before any excavations are made in a manner that will afford adequate projection.
2 Existing shrubs, trees and groundcover shall be barricaded in a manner to protect them
during planting operations and they shall be maintained with adequate irrigation to ensure
their survival.
1.5 PLANTING
1.5.1 Plant Pits
1 Plant pits shall be dug to produce vertical sides and flat uncompacted bottoms. Excavated
material shall be disposed of in a proper manner. If approved by the Engineer, excavated
LL
material may be used as fill in areas where fill material is required.
W
2 Upon completion of excavation, the pit shall be filled with water and then left to thoroughly
drain prior to setting plants.
3 o.
Excavate and provide earth filling as necessary to achieve the subsoil levels and profiles
C
required. Depths of excavation shown below are from finished top soil level.
g
4 Minimum acceptable pit sizes shall be as shown in Table 7.

in
Table 7:
ct
Plant Pit Size Schedule

Item Pit Size
tra
Palm Trees for Ashghal projects 2000 x 2000 x 2000 mm

on
Palm Trees for other projects 2000 x 2000 x 2000

Ornamental Trees 1500 x 1500 x 1500 mm
C
Large Shrub 1000 x 1000 x 1000 mm

f
Small Shrub 600 mm

ul
Hedges 600 mm width and 600 mm depth

G
Ground cover, seasonal flowers and turfed areas 500 mm depth

400 mm depth with proper drainage if
Grass
ground below is impermeable
5 Break up bottom of pits to a depth of 300mm for trees and palms and 400mm for shrubs and
ground cover.
6 Ensure planting areas and tree pits are well drained.
1.5.2 Backfill Mixture
1 The backfill mixture shall be apportioned by volume and shall be made from a mixture of
agricultural soil and selected soil amendments as detailed in Table 8
Table 8:
Mix Proportions
Item Backfill Mix Proportion
Component
Trees Soil 80 % of mixture
Cocopeat or 5 % of mixture
compost
clay or other 15 % of mixture
approved mineral
general Fertiliser
35 g per pit
Palms Soil 80 % of mixture
compost
LL
Manure 10 % of mixture
General Fertiliser 50 g per pit
W
Shrubs Soil 85 % of mixture
compost
Manure o.
C
5 % of mixture
General Fertiliser 30g per pit
g
Groundcover Soil 85 % of mixture.

in
and Vines Cocopeat or 10 % of mixture.

Compost
ct
Manure 5 % of mixture.
tra
General Fertiliser 25 g per pit

on
1.5.3 Installation for Trees and Shrubs

C
1 Plants shall be handled carefully and arranged so they take full advantage of the individual
character of each plant in relationship to other plants.
f
ul
2 Plants shall place in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in place until sufficient backfill
G
mixture has been firmly placed around the root ball. Plants shall be placed so that the level
at which they were set with respect to surrounding ground level before installation is the
same as after installation.
3 Ball and burlap plants shall have twine, metal, plastic and wire ties removed from the tops of
the earth ball after backfill soil has been placed to approximately two thirds of the ball depth,
tamped lightly and watered. Backfilling around plant shall be completed in 150 mm layers
after water has drained away. Burlap wrapping shall not be pulled out from under the earth
ball.
4 Plants supplied in non-biodegradable containers shall be removed in such a way as to

prevent damage to plant or root system. Before planting, any damaged or broken roots shall
be carefully trimmed and removed. Plants in biodegradable of organic containers may be
installed with the container in place.
5 A 150 mm high earth saucer shall be formed around individual plants. The diameter of the
saucer should be larger than and outside the backfilled area.
6 After planting, plants shall be guyed or staked as required or directed by the Engineer. Trees
and shrubs shall be protected against wind and sun with burlap wrapping where necessary
or directed to ensure satisfactory establishment of plant.
7 Trees 1.2 to 1.8 m tall shall be held in place with one (1) bracing stake. The stake shall be
positioned close to the tree on the windward side. The stake shall be driven vertically into
firm ground taking care not to injure the roots. The tree shall be held firmly to the stake with a
double strand of wire placed 1m above ground level. A chafing guard shall be used were the
wire is in contact with the tree.
8 Trees 1.8 to 2.5 m tall shall be held in place with two (2) bracing stakes placed on opposite
sides. The stake shall be driven vertically into firm ground taking care not to injure the roots.
The tree shall be shall be held firmly in place with a double stand of wire placed 1m above
ground level and chafing guards shall be used where the wire is in contact with the tree.
LL
9 Trees taller than 2.5 m shall be held firmly in place with three (3) guying lines of double
strand wire placed equidistantly around the tree. The wire shall be anchored with ground
W
stakes driven into firm ground outside the earth saucer. The wire shall be anchored to the
tree at a point 1m above ground level. a flag shall be securely fastened to each guying wire.
1.5.4 Installation of Palms o.

C
1 Palms shall be lifted and moved with a crane and purpose made sling with harness or other
g
approved method to avoid any damage to any part of the palm.

in
2 Palms shall be placed in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in place until sufficient
ct
backfill mixture has been firmly placed around the root ball. The top of the root ball should be
tra
100 mm below the top of the planting pit. The pit shall be backfilled with specified mixture to
approximately two thirds of depth of the root ball, tamped lightly and watered. Backfilling
on
around plant shall be completed in 150 mm layers after water has drained away. A 100 to
150 mm high earth saucer shall be formed around the palm. The diameter of the saucer
C
should be larger than and outside the backfilled area.
1.5.5 Cultivation of Turf Areas

f
ul
1 After the areas required to be turfed have been brought to the specified levels, fertiliser shall
G
be applied at the rate recommended by the manufacturers. Soil conditioners shall be spread
uniformly over the soil. The soil shall be raked to a true and even surface. All stones of
greater than 25 mm diameter are to be removed.
1.5.6 Seeding
1 Seed shall be spread over a fine levelled, cultivated soil bed by hand or mechanical seeder.
Half of the specified rate applied twice in perpendicular directions so as to achieve an even
seed distribution rate.
2 Following seeding, the bed shall be raked, harrowed or gilled to cover the seed with soil to a
maximum depth of 25 mm.
3 Cut straw or other fibrous mulch shall be applied over seeded areas to protect from direct
sun exposure and blowing winds. Whenever necessary, mulch shall be covered with jute
netting to hold the mulch in place. The netting shall not be removed until directed by the
Engineer.
4 The perimeter of seeded area shall be flagged off to restrain foot traffic until after the second
mowing following complete grass coverage or as directed by the Engineer.
5 Water shall be applied lightly and frequently until one week after 50 % germination and then
gradually increase duration and period between watering until normal irrigation programme is
met.
1.5.7 Sprigging
1 Sprigs shall be broadcast uniformly by hand, with mechanical equipment or other approved
LL
method. The maximum planting spacing between viable sprigs shall be 300 mm. sprigs shall
be forced into the prepared soil to a minimum of 25 mm by hand, disk-rolling or other
W
approved method.
o.
2 Immediately after completion of the sprigging operation the entire area shall be firmed with a
roller not exceeding 135 kg for each metre of roller width. The planted area shall have a
C
smooth uniformed finish without depressions or ridges.
g
3 The perimeter of the sprigged area shall be flagged off to restrain foot traffic until after the
in
second mowing following complete grass coverage or as directed by the Engineer.

ct
4 Watering shall be started immediately after completing each day of sprigging. Water shall be
tra
applied at a rate sufficient to ensure moist soil conditions to a minimum depth of 70 mm.
Watering shall continue until majority of sprigs can sustain themselves on the normal
on
irrigation programme. Run-off and puddling shall be prevented.
1.5.8 Turfing
C
1 Turfing shall be laid on cultivated soil within 24 hours of stripping. The turf shall be laid to
f
ul
form a solid mass with tightly fitted joints. The ends of the turf shall be butted. Strips shall be
staggered to offset joints in adjacent courses.
G
2 The turf shall be tamped or rolled to ensure contact with the sub-grade. Soil shall be worked
into minor spaces between pieces of turf and excess soil removed.
3 The perimeter of the turfed area shall be flagged off to restrain foot traffic until after the third
mowing or as directed by the Engineer.
4 The turfed area shall be watered with a fine spray immediately after completing each day of
turfing operations. Water shall be applied to ensure a moist sub-grade soil to a minimum
depth of 70 mm is achieved. Watering shall continue until turf can maintain itself on the
normal irrigation programme.
1.5.9 Plant List, Spacing and Sizes
1 The Contractor shall follow the requirements of Table 9a & 9b for plant list, plant spacing,
sizes required and other relevant information which is provided in the Table 9a for other
projects and Table 9b for all Ashghal Projects.
Table 9a: Plant List, Spacing and Sizes Required for the Projects
Palms & Cycads
Requirements
Root Ball DIA
Stem Girth
Spreading
Spacing
Pot Size
Water
Clear
BOTANICAL NAME Common Name
Trunk
LL
L/PLANT M CM CM CM CM
W
1.5 -2.0
Bismarckia nobilis Bismarckia palm 120.0
M
o. 1.5 -2.0
C
Brahea Armata Blue hesper Palm 120.0
M
g
Butia capitata Pindo palm 120.0 1.5 M

in
European fan 1.0 -1.5

ct
Chamaerops humilis 80.0 30

palm M
tra
1.5 -2.0
Cocos nucifera Coconut palm 120.0 As 75
M
on
1.5 -2.0
Cocos plumosa Coconut palm 120.0 75
M
Copernicia alba Wax Palm
C
1.80 -
120.0
3.0 M
Cycas circinalis Queen Sago
f
1.0 -1.5
ul
60.0
M
G
Cycas revoluta Sago palm 25- 0.75 -

60.0
30 1.5 M
Dioon edule Mexican Cycad 25- 0.75 -
60.0
30 1.5M
Elaeis oleifera American oil palm 2.0 -
80.0 75
3.0 M
Hyophorbe Lagenicaulis Bottle Palm 1.25 -
80.0 75
2.0 M
Hyophorbe verschaffeltii Spindle Palm 1.25 -
80.0
2.0 M
Livistona chinensis Chinese fan palm 2.0 -
80.0 Per 30
3.0 M
Phoenix canariensis Island Date palm 1.5 -
120.0 125
2.0 M
Phoenix dactylifera Date palm 2.0 -
120.0 Design 125
3.0 M
Phoenix roebelenii Pygmy date palm 1.0 -
60.0 60
1.5M
Phoenix sylvestris Silver date palm 2.0 -
tree 120.0 125
3.0M
Roystonea regia Cuban Royal
Palm 120.0 60 1,5 M
Sabal domingensis the Hispaniola

palmetto 2.0 -
120.0 35 60
3.0 M
Trachycarpus fortunei Chusan Palm

60.0 1.5 M
Washingtonia filifera California fan 2.0 -

palm 120.0 75
3.0 M
Washingtonia robusta Washingtonia 2.0 -
LL
palm 120.0 75
3.0 M
Wodyetia bifurcata Foxtail Palm
80.0 60 1,5 M
W
Zamia furfuracea Cardboard Palm
0.25 -
o.
40.0
0.40M
C
g
Large Evergreen Trees
in
ct
Requirements
Root Ball DIA
Stem Girth
Spreading
Spacing
Pot Size
tra
Water
Clear Trunk
Botanical Name Common Name
on
C
f
ul
Brachychiton Populneus Bottle tree

80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
G
Casuarina equisetifolia Horsetail tree,

Australian pine
80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Chorisia speciosa Bottle tree

80.0 35.0 50.0 100.0 2.0 M
Ficus Alii Amstel king

80.0 2.0 M
Ficus Alii Amstel queen
80.0 2.0 M
Ficus altissima Council tree

80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Ficus bengalensis Banyan tree
80.0 As 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Ficus infectoria White-Fruited
Wavy Leaf Fig
80.0 25.0 2.0 M
Ficus panda indian ficus panda
80.0 25.0 2.0 M
Ficus religiosa Scacred ficus

80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Ficus Salicifolia Willow leaved fig
80.0 2.0 M
Ficus sycomorus sycamore fig 80.0 2.0 M

Harpullia Pendula tulip lancewood
80.0 2.0 M
Khaya senegalensis African mahogany

80.0 2.0 M
Kigelia Pinnata Sausage tree 80.0 2.0 M

Moringa oleifera Horse radish tree
pterygosperma 60.0 Per 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
LL
Parkinsonia aculeata Jerusalem thorn
60.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
W
Pithecelobium dulce Manila tamarird
80.0 Design 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Prosopis alba White carob tree
Prosopis juliflora Honey mesquite

60.0
o. 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
C
60.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Schinus molle Pink pepper,
g
peruvian pepper 80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
in
Tamarindus indica Tamarind

ct
80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

Taxodium Distichum bald cypress
tra
80.0 2.0 M
Terminalia cattapa Indian almond

on
80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Zizyphus chinensis jujuba tree

C
60.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

Zizyphus jujuba Chinese date
f
60.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

ul
Zizyphus spina - christi Christ Thorn

G
80.0 25.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Decidious Trees
Requireme
Stem Girth
Spreading
Root Ball
Spacing
Pot Size
Water
DIA
nts
Clear Trunk
Albizia julibrissin Silk tree

80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Albizia lebbeck Women's tongue
80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Azadirachta indica Neem tree
80.0 As 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Bauhinia variegata Orchid tree

60.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Coccoloba uvifera Seagrape tree

60.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
cochlospermum religiosum Silk-Cotton Tree

60.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
LL
Delonix elata Royal poinsiana,
flame tree
80.0 Per 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
W
Delonix regia Flame of forest
80.0
o. 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
C
Millingtonia hortensis Indian Cork Tree
g
80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
in
Melia azedarach China berry

ct
80.0 Design 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

tra
Morus alba Fruitless mulberry

on
80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

C
Morus nigra Black mulberry

f
80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M

ul
G
peltophorum inerme yellow ponciana

80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Paulownia tomentosa Princess Tree

80.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Thespesia populnea Portia tree

60.0 20.0 8.0 50.0 2.0 M
Medium Evergreen Trees

ROOT BALL DIA

REQUIREMENT
STEM GIRTH
SPREADING
POT SIZE
SPACING
WATER
Clear Trunk
BOTANICAL NAME COMMON NAME
Acacia arabica Arabian acacia

60.0 As 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M
Acacia farnesiana yellow mimosa
LL
60.0 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M
W
Dalbergia sisso Indian rosewood
o.
60.0 CPer 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M
Schinus terebintifolius Brazilian pepper

tree
g
60.0 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M
in
Tabebuia argentea Silver Trumpet

ct
Tree
60.0 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M
tra
Tabebuia impetiginosa Pink Lapacho

on
60.0 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M

C
Tabebuia rosea White trumpet tree

f
60.0 Design 20.0 6.0 50.0 2.0 M

ul
G
Xanthorrhea sp. Grass Tree

40.0 20.0 12.0 35.0 1m
Small Trees Or Large

Shrubs
REQUIREMENT
STEM GIRTH
SPREADING
ROOT BALL
POT SIZE
SPACING
WATER
TOTAL HEIGHT
DIA
15-
Aillanthus altissima Tree Of heaven 20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
15-
Alstonia Scholaris Devil tree 20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
bauhinia purpurea orchid tree 15-
20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
bauhinia variegata orchid tree 15-
20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Bucidia Buceras Black Olive tree 15-
20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Bambusa ventricosa -Thick Buddha's Belly
15-
stem Bamboo 20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Caesalpinia gilliesii Bird of paradise
bush yellow 15-
20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
flowers 20
LL
calliandra haematocephala Red Powder Puff 15-
20.0 4.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
W
Callistemon viminalis Weeping bottle 15-
brush 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
20
o.
Calotropis procera Dead sea apple 15-
20.0 50.0 2.0 M
20
C
Carica papaya Papaya 15-
20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
20
Cassia fistula Golden shower
g
15-
tree 60.0 4.0 60.0 2.0 M
20
in
Cassia glauca Cassia glauca 15-

ct
60.0 4.0 60.0 2.0 M

20
tra
Cassia javanica apple blossom

tree 15-
20.0 60.0 2.0 M
20
on
Cassia nodosa Pink & white

15-
C
shower 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M

20
Cordia sebestena Scarlet cordia,
f
ul
aloe wood 15-

60.0 As 3.0 60.0 2m
20
G
Dodonaea viscosa Hopseed bush 15-

12.0 3.0 10.0 0.5 m
20
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis China rose 15-
20.0 Per 3.0 30.0 0.5 m
20
Jatropha integerrima Peregrina 15-
20.0 3.0 30.0 0.5 m
20
Lagerstroemia indica Crape myrtle 15-
20.0 Design 3.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Lagerstroemia loudonii Thai Bungor 15-
20.0 3.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Lagerstroemia speciosa Pride of India 15-
20.0 3.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Leucophylum frutescens Texas ranger 15-
20.0 3.0 30.0 0.5 m
20
Malvaviscus arboreus Sleepy hibiscus 15-
pendiluflorus 20.0 3.0 30.0 1m
20
Musa paradisiaca Banana 15-
20.0 3.0 50.0 .75 m
20
Nerium oleander Oleander 15-
20.0 3.0 30.0 1m
20
parmentiera edulis Candle Tree
20.0 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
Plumeria obtusa Temple tree

60.0 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
Plumeria rubra acutifolia Temple tree Red

flower 60.0 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
Polyalthia longifolia Ashoka tree

60.0 20.0 3.0 60.0 2.0 M
Punica granatum Pomegranate
LL
15-
60.0 3.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
W
Sesbania sesban Sesban 15-
60.0 3.0 40.0 2.0 M
20
Tamarix sp. Athel tree
20.0
o. 25.0 6.0 50.0 1.5 m
C
Tecoma stans Yellow bells 15-
20.0 3.0 20.0 1.0 m
20
g
Thevetia peruviana Yellow oleander

in
nereifolia 15-
20.0 3.0 20.0 1m
20
ct
tra
Vitex agnus castus Hemp tree 15-

20.0 3.0 20.0 0.5 m
20
on
Shrubs
C
REQUIREME
SPREADING
ROOT BALL
f
POT SIZE
SPACING
WATER
ul
GIRTH
STEM
TOTAL HEIGHT
DIA
NT
G
Acalypha wilkesiana Irish Petticoat

12.0 20.0 3.0 20.0 0.5 m
Bougainvillea glabra Paper flowers

12.0 20.0 3.0 30.0 1m
Bougainvillea torch glow Torch Glow

3.0
Bougainvillea spectabilis Bougainvillea
12.0 As 30.0 3.0 50.0 1m
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Barbados pride
orange-red 20.0 20.0 3.0 40.0 0.75 m
flowers
Carissia grandiflora Natal plum
12.0 Per 20.0 3.0 30.0 0.5 m
Cassia alata the Candle Bush

12.0 20.0 3.0 0.5 m
Cassia bicapsularis Senna

12.0 Design 20.0 3.0 30.0 0.5 m
Cestrum diurnum Day jasmine
12.0 20.0 3.0 20.0 0.5 m
Cestrum nocturnum Night jasmine

12.0 20.0 3.0 20.0 0.5 m
Jasminum sambac Arabian jasmine

10-
20.0 3.0 15.0 0.5 m
15
Ixora chinensis Flame of the
woods 12.0 20.0 3.0 10.0 0.3 m
LL
Ixora coccinea Flame of the
woods 12.0 20.0 3.0 10.0 0.3 m
W
Ixora javanica jungle geranium
12.0 20.0 3.0 10.0 0.3 m
Lantana camara Lantana

o.
C
12.0 20.0 3.0 25.0 0.3 M
Lantana montevidensis Lantana

g
12.0 20.0 3.0 25.0 0.3 M
in
Nandina domestica Sacred bambo

12.0 20.0 3.0 10.0 0.4
ct
tra
Tabernaemontana Great Rosebay

corymbosa 12.0 3.0
on
Tabernaemontana crepe jasmine

divaricata 12.0 3.0
C
Conifers
f
ul
G
REQUIR
SPACIN
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
DING
SIZE
TOTAL HEIGHT
POT
DIA
G
Cupressus sempervirens Italian cypress 80.0 As Per 25.0 3.0 30.0 2.0 M
Design
Hedge
REQUIR
SPACIN
HEIGHT
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
TOTAL
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
DING
SIZE
POT
DIA

G
Atriplex halimus Salt bush-high salt 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
tolerant
Atriplex lentiformis Salt bush 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
Clerodendron inerme Wild jasmine 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
Dodonaea viscosa Hopseed bush 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
Leucophylum frutescens Texas ranger 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
Myrtus Communis Myrtle 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
LL
Nerium oleander oleander
Ruellia tuberosa Ruellia 12.0 0.4 10- 15.0 0.5 M
W
15
Vitex agnus castus Hemp tree 12.0 0.4 15.0 15.0 0.5 M
o.
C
Succulents & Cactus
g
in
REQUIR
SPACIN
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
DING
SIZE
TOTAL HEIGHT
POT
DIA
G
ct

tra
on
Adenium obesum Desert rose o.40 M

C
Agave americana Century Plant 10.0 30.0 0.3 M

f
ul
Agave angustifolia variegata Caribbean Agave 10.0 30.0 o.40 M

G
Agave attenuata lion's tail 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave elegans Salm-Dyck 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave filifera thread agave 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave geminiflora Twin-flowered 10.0 30.0 o.40 M

Agave
Agave lechugilla lechuguilla 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave macroacantha Black-spined 10.0 30.0 o.40 M

Agave
Agave nigra sharkskin agave 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave potatorum verscafeltii Dwarf Butterfly 10.0 30.0 o.40 M

Agave
Agave pygmaea Dragon Toes 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave stricta A young specimen 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave titanotta Rancho Tambor 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
Agave verschaffeltii Blue Agave 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
LL
Agave Victoria regina Queen Victoria 10.0 30.0 o.40 M
agave
W
Aloe vera Berbadensis Medical plant 10.0 As Per 20.0 0.3 M
Design
o.
C
Agave america mediopicta Agave mediopicta 10.0 20.0 0.3 M
g
Agave Victoria regina Queen Victoria 10.0 20.0 0.3 M

in
Agave
Agave zebra Zebra Agave 10.0 30.0
ct
tra
Alluaudia procera Madagascan 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

Ocotillo
on
Aloe arborescens candelabra Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

C
Aloe clavifolia Aanteelaalwyn 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

f
ul
Aloe dichothoma quiver tree 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

G
Aloe littoralis on the coast 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe eru vicornuta 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe excelsa Zimbabwe Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe humilis Spider Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe maculata Zebra Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe marlothii Mountain Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe melanacantha Black-spined Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

Aloe pelegrae Pauline 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe ramosissima Maiden's Quiver 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

Tree
Aloe mitriformis Gold Tooth 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe squarrosa Yemen Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe striata coral aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe tharskii the Dune Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe tomentosa Hairy Green Aloe 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
LL
Aloe vaombe Malagasy Tree 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe
W
Aloe vera Berbadensis Aloe indica royle 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Aloe zebrina Zebra Leaf Aloe 10.0 o. 30.0 1.5 M

C
g
Austrocephalocereus Cereus dybowskii 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
dybowskii
in
ct
Austrocephalocereus Thumbnail 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

estevesii
tra
Aylostera archibuininguiana 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

on
Carnegiea gigantea saguaro cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

C
cephalocereus senilis Old Man Cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

f
ul
G
Cleistocactus braunii climbing cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Cleistocactus jujuyensis argentina cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Cleistocactus strausii silver torch 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Copiapoa cinerea chalky/white 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

stems
Copiapoa haseltoniana chille cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Crassula baby jade 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

Cylindropuntia bigelowi 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Didierea madagascariensis Didierea 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Discocactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Dyckia brazilian cactus 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Euphorbia alba 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Euphorbia canariensis Canary Island 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

spurge
LL
Euphobia enopla 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
W
Euphorbia erythraea 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Euphorbia ingens Euphorbia

candelabrum
10.0
o. 30.0 1.5 M
C
Euphorbia lactea brain plant 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
g
in
Euphorbia milli Christ plant 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

ct
tra
Euphorbia tirucallii pencil tree 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
Euphorbia stenoclada Euphorbia 10.0 30.0 1.5 M

on
insulae-europae
C
Cereus sp. Lady of the night 10.0 35.0 1M

cactus
f
ul
Echinocactus grussonii Golden barrel 10.0 20.0 0.25 M

G
Euophorbia lactea Mottled Spurge 10.0 20.0 0.35 M
Echinopsis hauscha Red torch cactus 10.0 20.0 0.20 M
Ferocactus sp. Desert Barrel 10.0 20.0 0.25 M
Furcraea gigantea boojum tree
Cephalocerus seniies Old Man Cactus 10.0 20.0 0.35 M
Carnegia giganta Cactus saguaro cactus 10.0 30.0 1M

Mamelaria elongata Monstrous Lady 10.0 20.0 0.25 M
Fingers
Melocactus Melon cactus 10.0 20.0 0.25 M
Pachypodium Lamerei Madagascar Palm 10.0 20.0 1M
Portulacaria afra elephant bush
Sansevieria trifasciata bird's nest snake

plant
Sansevieria Hahnii baseball bat
Yucca elephantips soft-tip yucca 10.0 30.0 1.5 M
LL
Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle 10.0 30.0 30.0 1.5 M
W
Vines
o.
C
REQUIR
SPACIN
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
DING
SIZE
TOTAL HEIGHT
POT
DIA
G
g
in

ct
tra
Antigonom leptopus Coral vine 12.0 15.0 15.0 1.0 m

on
Bougainvillea sp Bougainvillea 20.0 As 15.0 15.0 1m
Clerodendron inerme Wild Jasmine 20.0 15.0 15.0 0.75 m

C
Ipomoea pes-caprae Beach Morning 12.0 Per 10.0 15.0 0.3 m

f
Glory
ul
G
Ipomoea palmata Railway creeper 12.0 10.0 15.0 0.3M
Jasminum officinalis Poet's Jasmine 20.0 Design 15.0 15.0 1.0 M

grandiflorum
Lonicera sempervirens trumpet vine 20.0 15.0 15.0 1.0 m
Quisqualis indica Rangoon creeper 20.0 15.0 15.0 1.0 m
Ground Covers
ED SIZE
REQUIR
REQUIR
SPACIN
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
G MIN.
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
DING
SIZE
POT
DIA

LTR/M2 PLANT/M2 CM CM CM CM
Alternanthera versicolor red border weed 10.0 9.0 10.0 30.0 0.2 M
Aptenia cordifolia Baby sun rose 10.0 9.0 10.0 30.0 0.2 M
Asparagus densiflorus Asparagus fern 10.0 9.0 10.0 30.0 0.3 M
Monrovia's Foxtail
Asparagus myers
Fern
LL
Canna indica Lana 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 0.3 M
W
Carissa prostrata Natal plum dwarf 10.0 9.0 10.0 30.0 0.3 M
Cortaderia selloana Pampas grass 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.3 M
o.
As Per
C
Cyperus alternifolius Umbrella sedge 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.3 M
Design
Delaspermum alba White ice plant 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 0.1 M
g
in
Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax Lily

ct
Drosantemum hispidum Rose ice plant 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 0.1 M
tra
Euphorbia milii Crown of thorns 10.0 9.0 10.0 20.0 0.3 M

on
Gazania rigens Treasure flower 10.0 9.0 10.0 10.0 0.1 M

C
Ipomea pes-caprae railroad vine 12.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.3 M

f
15
ul
Ipomoea palmata or cairica Railway creeper 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.3 M
G
15
Iresine herbstii Blood leaf 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.2 M
15
Lampranthus aureus/ 10-
Orange ice plant 10.0 9.0 10.0 0.7 M
Malephora crocea 15
10-
Lampranthus spectabilis Training ice plant 10.0 9.0 10.0 0.1 M
15
10-
Lantana montevidensis Geeper lantana 10.0 9.0 10.0 0.3 M
15
10-
Limonium sinuatum Sea-lavender 10.0 9.0 10.0 0.2 M
15
As Per 10-
Ocimum basilicum Sweet basil 10.0 10.0 0.3 M
Design 15
10-
Osteospermum fruiticosum African daisy 10.0 9.0 10.0 0.2 M
15
Pennisetum setaceum Purple fountain 10-

10.0 10.0 0.3 M
rubrum grass 15
Pennisetum setaceum Beach grass 10.0 As Per 10.0 10- 0.3 M
Fountain grass Design 15
Portulacaria afra Elephant bush 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.15 M

15
Pseuderanthemum Chocolate plant 8.0 15.0 20.0 0.3 m

atropurpureum dark purple
Pseuderanthemum Chocolate plant 3 8.0 As Per 15.0 20.0 0.3 m

atropurpureum tricolor colors Design
Rhoeo discolor Moses in the 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.2 M

cradle, Boat lily 15
LL
Rosmarinus officinalis Rosemary 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.2 M
W
15
Russelia equisetiformis Coral plant, 10.0

o.
As Per 10.0 10- 0.3 M
C
firecracker plant Design 15
g
in
Sesuvium portulacastrum Sea pureslane 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.2 M

15
ct
tra
Setcreasea pallida Purple heart 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.15 M

15
on
Verbena peruviana Blood leaf 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.1 M

C
"Springtime" 15
f
ul
Wedelia trilobata Creeping daisy 10.0 9.0 10.0 10- 0.15 M

15
G
SEASONALS
REQUIR
SPACIN
WATER
EMENT
SPREA
G MIN.
GIRTH
ROOT
STEM
BALL
REQUIRED SIZE
DING
SIZE
POT
DIA
Ageratum mexicanum Floss flower 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Amaranthus tricolor Joseph's coat 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Antirrhinum majus Floral snapdragon 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Asclepias curassvica Blood flower 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Calendula officinalis Port marigold 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Callistephus chinesis China aster 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Catharanthus roseus Madagasar 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
periwinkle flower
Celosia cristata Fair fountains 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
LL
Celosia cristata var.nana Cockscomb 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
W
Celosia plumosa Burut plume 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Chrysanthemum carinatum Monarch court 10.0 o.
9.0 10.0 One
C
flower
Chryanthemum morifolium Florist's mum 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

g
flower
in
Cosmos bipinnatus Mexican aster 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

ct
flower
Dianthus barbatus Sweet william 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
tra
flower
Dianthus chinensis Chinese pink 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
on
Gaillardia pulchela Blanket flower 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
C
Gazania splendens Gazania 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
f
Gomphrena globosa Globe amaranth 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

ul
red flower
G
Kochia scoparia Summer cypresus 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Lobularia maritima Sweet alysum 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Mathilola incana stock 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Pelargonium x hybrida Garden Geranium 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Pellionia pulchra Training begoria 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Petunia x hybrida Petunia hybrid 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Polianthes tuberosa The pearl 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Portulaca graniflora Moss rose, sun 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
Var.Corniche plant flower
Salvia splendens Scarlet sage 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Senecio cineraria Dusty miller 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Tagetes Marigold 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Verbena peruviana Aztec queen 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Viola tricolour Kiss-me-love 10.0 9.0 10.0 One

flower
Zinnia sp. Zinnia 10.0 9.0 10.0 One
flower
Grass
LL
BALL DIA
POT SIZE
SPACING
REQUIRE
SPREADI
WATER
GIRTH
ROOT
MENT
STEM
REQUIRED SIZE
MIN.
NG
W
o.
C
g
Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass- 12 T0 18
in
High salt tolerant

ct
Paspalum vaginatum Bahia grass- 12 TO 18

notatum seashore
tra
paspalum
Zoysia japonica Japanese grass 12 TO 18

on
f C
ul
G
Table 9b: Plant List, Spacing and Sizes Required for Ashghal Projects
Palms
Height/ Required Size
Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Root Ball dia cm
l/plant/ day/year
Irrigation Group

Pot Size cm
l/plant/ day
PALMS
Bismarkia nobilis Bismark Palm 3 80 22 2.0 m

Brahea armata Mexican Blue Palm 3 80 22 40 1.50 m
Chamaerops humilis European Fan Palm 2 70 15 30 1.50 m
Mediterranean Fan
Chamaerops humilis 2 70 15 40
Palm
Cocos nucifera Coconut palm 4 120 29 75 2.0 m
Cycas revoluta Sago palm 3 80 22 25-30 0.50 m
Dioon edule Mexican Cycad 3 80 22 25-30 1.0 m
Elaeis oleifera American oil palm 3 80 22 75 1.50 m
LL
Hyophorbe lagenicaulis Bottle Palm 3 80 22 75 1.25 m
Hyophorbe verschaffeltii Spindle Palm 3 80 22 1.25 m
W
Livistona chinensis Cabbage Palm 3 80 22 40 2.0 m
Livistona marie Australian Cabbage

3 o.
80 22 40 2.0 m
C
"Oombulgurri" Palm
g
Livistonia chinensis Chinese Fan Palm 3 80 22 30 1.50 m
in
Nanorrhops ritcheana Mazari Palm 3 80 22 24

ct
Phoenix canariensis Island Date palm 4 120 29 125 2.0 m

tra
Phoenix dactylifera Date palm 4 120 29 125 2.0 m

on
Phoenix roebelenii Miniature Date Palm 3 80 22 60 1.0 m

C
Phoenix roebelenii Miniature Date Palm 3 80 22 40 2.0 m

f
ul
Phoenix sylvestris Wild Date Palm 4 120 29 40 2.0 m

G
Roystonea regia Cuban Royal Palm 4 120 29 60 1.50 m
Sabal domingensis Hispaniola Palmetto 4 120 29 60 2.0 m
Washingtonia filifera California Fan Palm 3 80 22 75 2.0 m
Washingtonia robusta Washingtonia Palm 3 80 22 75 2.0 m
Wodyetia bifurcata Foxtail Palm 4 120 29 60 1.50 m
Large Evergreen Trees


Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Common_Name
Irrigation_Group
Botanical Name
l/plant/day/year
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
Pot Size cm
l/plant/day
Acacia abyssinica Nyanga Flat Top 2 70 15 24 10 60
Acacia
auriculaformis Ear Pod Wattle 2 70 15 24 10 60
"Gaypari"
Acacia pendula
Weeping Myall 2 70 15 30 10 60 1.0 m
LL
"Amata"
W
Acacia salicina
Willow Acacia 2 70 15 30 10 70 1.0 m
"Marntala
Adansonia gregorii
"Jamulang"
Baobab Tree 4 100
o. 25 40 15 80 1.50 m
C
Alstonia actinophylla Australian Milkwood
3 80 22 30 10 80 1.50 m
g
“Jabiru” Tree
in
Alstonia scholaris Milkwood 3 80 22 30 10 80 1.50 m

ct
Brachychiton "Bella Belladonna Flame

tra
3 80 22 24 10 80 1.20 m
Donna" Tree
on
Brachychiton
Illawarra Flame Tree 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.20 m
acerifolius “Allowrie”
C
Brachychiton
Pink Kurrajong 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.20 m
diversifolius
f
ul
Brachychiton
G
Bottle tree 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m

Populneus
Bucida bucares Antigua Whitewood 3 80 22 40 10 80 1.50 m
Caesalpinia ferrea Leopard Tree 3 80 22 40 10 80 1.50 m
Casuarina Horsetail tree,

3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
equisetifolia Australian Pine
Chorisia speciosa Bottle tree 3 80 22 35 50 100 2.0 m
Corymbia apperinja
White Gum 2 70 15 24 10 70 1.20 m
"Alice Para"
Erythrina orientalis
Variegated Coral Tree 4 100 25 24 10 80 1.50 m
variegata "Ngukurr"
Eucalyptus
Northern Salmon Gum 3 80 22 24 10 75 1.50 m
bigalareta "Mijilypa"
Ficus altissima Council tree 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
Ficus benghalensis Banyan Tree 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
Ficus religiosa Peepul Tree 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
Ficus religiosa Sacred ficus 4 100 25 25 8 50 1.50 m
Ficus salicifolia Willow Leaf Fig 2 70 15 24 10 80 1.0 m
Ficus sycomorus Mulberry Fig 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
LL
Mangifera indica Mango Tree 3 80 22 40 10 80 1.0 m
Millingtonia hortensis Tree Jasmine 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
W
Moringa oleifera Horse radish tree 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
Parkinsonia aculeata Jerusalem thorn 2 70

o. 15 25 8 50 1.50 m
C
Pithecelobium dulce Manila Tamarird 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
g
in
Prosopis alba White Carob Tree 2 70 15 25 8 50 1.50 m

ct
Prosopis cinerarea Ghaf Tree 2 70 15 20 8 80 1.0 m

tra
Prosopis juliflora Honey Mesquite 2 70 15 25 8 50 1.50 m

on
Pink pepper, Peruvian

Schinus molle 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
Pepper
C
Tamarindus indica Tamarind 3 80 22

f
ul
Terminalia arjuna Arjun Tree 3 80 22 33 10 75 1.0 m

G
Terminalia cattapa Indian almond 3 80 22 25 8 50 1.50 m
Zizyphus jujuba Chinese date 3 80 22 25 8 50
Zizyphus spina-
Sidr 2 70 15 25 8 50 1.50 m
christi
Medium Evergreen Trees

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

l/plant/day/ year
Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
Pot Size cm
l/plant/ day
Acacia Arabica see

Arabian acacia 2 70 15 24 10 50 1.50 m
A.nilotica
Acacia arnesiana Yellow Mimosa 2 70 15 20 6 50 1.50 m
Acacia nilotica Scented Acacia 2 70 15 24 10 50 1.50 m
Calliandra
Powder Puff 2 70 15 40 10 80 1.50 m
haematocephala
Cassia brewsterii Velvet Cassia 3 80 22 20 8 75 0.75 m
Cassia grandis Coral Shower 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
Cassia roxburghii Red Cassia 3 80 22 24 10 80 1.0 m
LL
Casuarina cristata Belah 2 70 15 24 8 60
W
Dalbergia sissoo Indian Rosewood 3 80 22 20 6 50 1.50 m
o.
Pongamia pinnata Pongam 3 80
C 22 33 10 80 1.0 m
Saraca indica Ashok 3 80 22 33 10 50 1.0 m

g
Schinus
Brazilian Pepper Tree 2 70 15 20 6 50 1.50 m
terebinthifolius
in
ct
Tabebuia rosea White Trumpet Tree 3 80 22 20 6 50 1.50 m

tra
Tipuana tipu Rosewood Tree 3 80 22 24 8 50 1.0 m

on
Xanthorrhoea
Grass Tree 2 70 15 20 12 35 1.0 m
australis
C
Semi Deciduous Trees

f
ul

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

G
l/plant/day/ year
Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/plant/ day
Albizia julibrissin Silk tree, Mimosa 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Albizia lebbeck Woman's Tongue 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Azadirachta indica Neem tree 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Bauhinia variegata Orchid tree 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Royal Poinciana,
Delonix elata 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Flame Tree
Delonix regia Flame of forest 4 100 25 20 8 50 1.50 m
Melia azedarach China Berry 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Morus alba White Mulberry 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Morus nigra Black mulberry 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Peltophoroum
Yellow Poinciana 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
inerme
Thespesia populnea Portia Tree 3 80 22 20 8 50 1.50 m
Small Trees or Large Shrubs
LL
Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Height/ Required
Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
l/plant/day/year
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
Pot Size cm
o.
l/plant/ day
C
Size
g
Acacia anthochaera Kimberley's Wattle 2 20 4 20 6

in
ct
Acacia colei Australian Soap Wattle 2 20 4 20 8 60

tra
Acacia cowleana Halls Creek Wattle 2 20 4 20 8 50

on
Acacia
Salam 1 25 2 20 8 50
ehrenbergiana
C
Acacia etbaica Arad 2 20 4 20 8 50

f
Acacia gerardii Grey Haired Acacia 2 20 4 20 8 50

ul
G
Acacia jennerae Coonavittra wattle 2 20 4 20 8 50
Acacia kempeana Wanderry Wattle 2 20 4 15 6 30
Acacia mountfordiae Mountford's Wattle 2 20 4 20 8 50
Acacia saligna
Golden Wreath Wattle 2 20 4 20 8 50 1.0 m
"Cujong"
Acacia tortillis Samr 1 25 2 20 10 60 1.0 m
Boswellia sacra Frankincense Tree 2 20 4 20 8 60 1.0 m
15-
Caesalpinia gilliesii Bird of Paradise Bush 3 20 5 40 0.50 m
20
Calliandra 15-
Red Powder Puff 3 20 5 40 1.0 m
haematocephala 20
Callistemon viminalis Australian Weeping 15-

3 20 5 3 60 1.0 m
“Tubada” bottle brush 20
Callophyllum
Beauty Leaf 3 20 5 24 10 80 1.0 m
inophyllum
15-
Calotropis procera Dead Sea Apple 1 25 2 50 0.50 m
20
15-
Carica papaya Papaya 4 25 7 3 60 1.50 m
20
Cassia biflora Desert Cassia 2 20 4 20 8 50 0.75 m
15-
Cassia fistula Golden Shower Tree 3 20 5 4 60 1.50 m
20
LL
Cassia glauca Kalamona 3 20 5 20 8 50 0.75 m
W
15-
Cassia javanica Apple Blossom Tree 3 20 5 60 1.0 m
20
o.
C
15-
Cassia nodosa 3 20 5 60 1.0 m
20
g
Commyphora myrrha Myhrr 2 20 4 20 10 50

in
ct
Cordia lutea Yellow Geiger Tree 3 20 5 20 10 50

tra
Scarlet Cordia, Aloe 15-

Cordia sebestena 3 20 5 60 2.0 m
Wood 20
on
15-
Dodonaea viscosa Hopseed Bush 2 20 4 10 0.50 m
20
C
Dracaena draeco Dragon Tree 3 20 5 20 75

f
ul
Eremophila longifolia
Weeping Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
G
"Tulypurpa"
Eucalyptus lucens
Shiny Leaved Mallee 2 20 4 20 8 50
"Manyuwan"
Eucalyptus miniata Darwin Woolly Butt 3 20 5 15 8 50
Eucalyptus
Thozets Gum 2 20 4 15 8 50
thozetiana
Geijera parviflora Wilga 2 20 4 20 10 75
Gossypium australe
Australian Desert Rose 1 25 2 15 80
"Nurom"
Gossypium bickii Desert Rose 1 25 2 15 80
Gossypium darwinii Darwin's Cotton 2 20 4 15 80

Gossypium
Sturt's Desert Rose 2 20 4 15 80
sturtianum "Kintore'
Hibiscus rosa- 15-

China Rose 3 20 5 30 0.50 m
sinensis 20
Hibiscus tiliaecius Sea Hibiscus 3 20 5 20 10 50
15-
Jatropha integerrima Peregrina 3 20 5 30 0.50 m
20
15-
Lagerstroemia indica Crepe Myrtle 3 20 5 3 40 1.50 m
20
Lagerstroemia
Pride of India 3 20 5 24 40 1.0 m
speciosa
LL
Leptadenia
W
Firecracker Plant 1 25 2 15 80
pyrotechnica
Leucophylum 15-
frutescens
Texas Ranger 2 20
o.
4
20
30 0.50 m
C
Mauera crassifolia 2 20 4 24 8 80 1.0 m
g
Malvaviscus
in
15-
arboreus Sleepy Hibiscus 3 20 5 30 1.0 m
20
ct
pendiluflorus
tra
Melaleuca bracteata Black Ti Tree 3 20 5 24 8 50
Melaleuca
on
Paperbark 3 20 5 24 10 50
quinquenervia
C
Moringa perigrina Drumstick Tree 2 20 4 20 8 80

f
15-
ul
Musa paradisiaca Banana 4 25 7 50 0.75 m

20
G
Myoporum
Weeping Boobialla 2 20 4 20 8 80
floribundum
15-
Nerium oleander Oleander 2 20 4 30 1.0 m
20
Olea europea Olive 2 20 4 20 6 60 1.50 m
Pandanus utilis
Screw Palm 3 20 5 20 50
"Arkaroola"
Pandanus viethchii Variegated Screw palm 3 20 5 20 50
Plumeria obtusa Temple Tree 3 20 5 20 3 60 1.50 m
Plumeria rubra
Temple Tree 3 20 5 20 3 60 1.50 m
acutifolia
Polyalthea longifolia Mast Tree 3 20 5 33 75
15-
Punica granatum Pomegranate 3 20 5 3 40 1.50 m
20
Scaevola frutescens Beach Naupaka 3 20 5 20 40
Tabebuia argentea Silver Trumpet Tree 3 20 5 33 10 50 1.0 m
Tabebuia spectabilis Yellow Tabebuia 3 20 5 33 10 50 1.0 m
Tamarix aphylla Tamarix or Athol Tree 2 20 4 15 30
Tamarix sp. Athel Tree 2 20 4 25 6 50 1.50 m
LL
15-
Tecoma stans Yellow Bells 2 20 4 20 1.0 m
20
W
Tecomella undulata Roheda 2 20 4 20 10 50 1.0 m
o.
Thevetia peruviana 15-
Yellow Oleander 3 20 5 20 1.0 m
nereifolia 20
C
15-
Vitex agnus castus Chaste Tree 2 20 4 20 0.50 m
g
20
in
Vitex purpurea Arabian Lilac 2 20 4 20 50

ct
Zizyphus numalaria Jahrber 2 20 4 20 8 30

tra
Shrubs
on

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
C
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
l/plant/day/year
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
f
Pot Size cm
l/plant/ day
ul
G
Acacia simsii Sims wattle 2 20 4 20 6 40
Acacia victoriae
Elegant Wattle 1 25 2 20 6 50
"Alita"
Acalypha wilkesiana 3 20 5 20 20 0.50 m
Desert Cotton or Snow

Aerva javanica 1 25 2 15 5 30
Bush
Atriplex numalaria Old Man Saltbush 1 25 2 15 30
Bougainvillea glabra Bougainvillea 2 20 4 20 30 1.0 m

Caesalpinia
Barbados Pride 3 20 5 20 40 0.75 m
pulcherrima
Calligonum
Arta 1 25 2 15 60
comosum
Carissa edulis Akamba Bush 2 20 4 20 50
Carissia grandiflora Natal plum 2 20 4 20 30 0.50 m
Cassia alata 3 20 5 20 0.50 m
Cassia bicapsularis Senna 3 20 5 20 30 0.50 m
Cestrum diurnum Day Jasmine 2 20 4 20 20 0.50 m
LL
Cestrum nocturnum Night Jasmine 3 20 5 20 20 0.50 m
W
Crotalaria
Bird Flower 2 20 4 15 30
cunninghamiana
Duranta repens Blue Butterfly Bush 3 20

o.
5 20 50
C
Eremophila
Narrow Leaved Emu
g
alternifolia 1 25 2 15 20
Bush
"Irmangka"
in
ct
Eremophila
tra
bignoniflora x White Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20

polyclada "Kurubimi"
on
Eremophila
christopheri Blue Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
C
"Areyonga"
f
ul
Eremophila maculata
Red Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
" Brevifolia Eridunda"
G
Eremophila maculata
Red Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
"Atitjere"
Eremophila obovata 1 25 2 15 20
Eremophila
Fine Leaf Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
polyclada "Imampa"
Eremophila
Pink Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 0
racemosa
Eremophila
Deep Blue Emu Bush 1 25 2 15 20
Summertime Blue
Euphorbia larica 1 25 2 15 60
Galphimia glauca 3 20 5 15 80
Haloxylon
Rimth 1 25 2 15 50
salicornicum
Ixora chinensis Flame of the Woods 3 20 5 20 10 0.30 m
Jasminum sambac Arabian Jasmine 3 20 5 10-15 15 0.50 m
Lantana camara Lantana 3 20 5 20 25 0.30 m
Lawsonia inermis Henna 2 20 4 20 10 0.50 m
Malvaviscus
Turks Cap 3 20 5 15 80
arboreus
Ochradenus
2 20 4 15 30
baccatus
LL
Pachypodium 10-
W
Madagascar Palm 3 12-15 0.50 m
lamerei 15
o.
Pandanus
Dwarf Variegated
singaporensis 3 20 5 20 30
Screw Palm
C
pygmaeus
g
Radyera farragei Desert Rose Mallow 2 20 4 15 30
in
Narrow Leaf Desert

Senna artemisioides 2 20 4 15 30
ct
Cassia
tra
Senna desolata
Sturts Senna 1 25 2 15 30
sturtii
on
Tabernaemontana
Pin Wheel Flower 3 20 5 20 30
divaricata
C
Conifers
f
ul

Mean Daily Demand
G
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
l/plant/day/year
Stem girth cm
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/plant/ day
Callitris intratropica
Blue Cypress Pine 3 80 22 24 8 80
"Oenpelli"
Callitris preissii Cypress pine 2 70 15 24 8 60
Cupressus
Italian Cypress 2 70 15 25 3 30 1.50 m
sempervirens
Hedge

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
l/m2/day/year
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/m2/day
Atriplex halimus Salt Bush 1 12 1.2 15 15 0.50 m
Atriplex lentiformis Salt Bush 2 10 1.9 15 15 0.50 m
Clerodendron inerme Wild Jasmine 3 10 2.5 15 15 0.50 m
LL
Dodonaea viscosa Hopseed Bush 2 10 1.9 15 15 0.50 m
Leucophylum
W
Texas Ranger 2 10 1.9 15 15 0.50 m
frutescens
Vitex agnus castus Chaste Tree 2 10

o. 1.9 15 15 0.50 m
C
Succulents
g
Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

in
Height/ Required
Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
l/m2/day/year
ct
Pot Size cm
tra
l/m2/day
Size
on
Agave "Victoria
Queen Victoria Agave 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m
C
Regina"
Agave america
f
Agave 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m

ul
mediopicta
G
Agave americana Century Plant 2 10 1.9 30 0.30 m
Agave attenuata 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m
Agave parryi 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m
Aloe africana 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m
Aloe claviflora 2 10 1.9 20 0.10 m
Aloe debrana 2 10 1.9 20 0.10m
Aloe rupestris 2 10 1.9 20 0.20 m
Aloe sessiflora Lebombo Aloe 2 10 1.9 20 0.20 m
Aloe striata Coral Aloe 2 10 1.9 20 0.20 m

Aloe vera medical plant 2 10 1.9 20 0.30 m
Euophorbia lactea Mottled Spurge 1 12 1.2 20 0.35 m
Kalanchoe
2 10 1.9 15 0.15 m
diagremontiana
Kalanchoe 12-
2 10 1.9 0.15 m
rotundifolia 15
Monstrous Lady
Mamelaria elongata 1 12 1.2 20 0.25 m
Fingers
Yucca elephantipes Soft-Tip Yucca 3 10 2.5 30 1.50 m
Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle 3 10 2.5 30 30 1.50 m
LL
Vines

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
o.
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
l/plant/day/year
C
Stem girth cm
Spreading cm
Pot Size cm
l/plant/day
g
in
ct
Antigonom leptopus Coral vine 3 20 5 15 15 1.0 m

tra
Bougainvillea sp Bougainvillea 2 20 4 20 15 1.0 m

on
Bougainvillea
Bougainvillea 2 20 4 20 15 1.0 m
spectabilis
C
Clitoria ternata Butterfly Pea 3 20 5 15 1.0 m

f
ul
Clytostoma
Lavender Trumpet Vine 3 20 5 20 1.0 m
G
callistegioides
Cryptostegia
Rubber Vine 3 20 5 15 1.0 m
madagascarensis
Dipladenia sanderi Brazilian Jasmine 3 20 5 20 1.0 m
Gelsemium
Carolina Jasmine 3 20 5 20 1.50 m
sempervirens
Ipomea pes-caprae 3 20 5 10 15 0.30 m
Ipomoea palmata Railway creeper 3 20 5 10 15 0.30 m
Jacquemontia
Sapphire Vine 3 20 5 15 80
violaceae
Jasminum officinalis
3 20 5 15 15 1.0 m
"Grandiflorum"
Lonicera
3 20 5 15 15 1.0 m
sempervirens
Petrea volubilis Purple Wreath 3 20 5 20 30
Pyrostegia venusta Flame Vine 3 20 5 15 50
Quisqualis indica Rangoon Creeper 3 20 5 15 15 1.0 m
Tecoma capensis Cape Honeysuckle 2 20 4 20 30
Ground covers
LL

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
o. l/m2/day/year
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/m2/day
C
g
in
Alternanthera
3 10 2.5 10 30 0.20 m
versicolor
ct
Aptenia cordifolia Baby sun rose 2 10 1.9 10 30 0.20 m

tra
Arctotis hybrids 2 10 1.9 15 15

on
Asparagus
Asparagus fern 3 10 2.5 10 30 0.30 m
densiflorus
C
Atriplex
f
Australian Saltbush 1 12 1.2 15 10

ul
semibaccata
G
Canavalia rosea Beach Pea 2 10 1.9 15 50
Canna indica Lana 4 12 3.2 10 10 0.30 m
Carissa prostrata Natal plum dwarf 3 10 2.5 10 30 0.30 m
Clianthus formosus Sturts Desert Pea 1 12 1.2 15 35
Cortaderia selloana Pampas grass 3 10 2.5 10 10 0.30 m
Crassula multicava 2 10 1.9 15 15
Cuphea mexicana
Mexican Heather 3 10 2.5 15 15
compacta
Cyperus alternifolius Umbrella sedge 4 12 3.2 10 10 0.30 m

Delaspermum alba White ice plant 2 10 1.9 10 10 0.10 m
Drosantemum
Rose ice plant 2 10 1.9 10 10 0.10 m
hispidum
Echeveria elegans 2 10 1.9 15 10
Encelia farinosa 2 10 1.9 15 10
Eremophila
arookara Arakoora Emu Bush 1 12 1.2 15 20
"Amoonguna"
Euphorbia milii Crown of Thorns 2 10 1.9 10 20 0.30 m
Frankenia hirsuta Hairy Sea Heath 1 12 1.2 15 10
LL
Gazania rigens Treasure flower 2 10 1.9 10 10 0.10 m
W
Heliotropium 12-
Wild Heliotrope 1 12 1.2 25
curassavicum 15
o.
C
10-
Ipomea pes-caprae Railroad Vine 3 10 2.5 10 0.30 m
15
g
Ornamental Sweet
in
Ipomoea batata 3 10 2.5 15 20

Potato
ct
10-
tra
Ipomoea palmata Railway creeper 3 10 2.5 10 0.30 m

15
on
10-
Iresine herbstii Blood leaf 3 10 2.5 10 0.20 m
15
C
Lampranthus 12-
2 10 1.9 30
aurantiacus 15
f
ul
10-
Lampranthus aureus Orange Ice Plant 2 10 1.9 10 0.70 m
G
15
Lampranthus 12-
2 10 1.9 30
saturatus 15
Lampranthus 10-
Trailing Ice Plant 2 10 1.9 10 0.10 m
spectabilis 15
Lantana 10-
Geeper lantana 3 10 2.5 10 0.30 m
montevidensis 15
12-
Limmonium axillare 1 12 1.2 20
15
10-
Limonium sinuatum Sea- Lavender 1 12 1.2 10 0.20 m
15
12-
Lippia nodiflora Lippia 3 10 2.5 10
15
10-
Ocimum basilicum Sweet basil 3 10 2.5 10 0.30 m
15
Osteospermum 10-
African daisy 2 10 1.9 10 0.20 m
fruiticosum 15
Pedilanthus 12-
3 10 2.5 15
thymaloides 15
Pennisetum Beach grass Fountain 10-

2 10 1.9 10 0.30 m
setaceum grass 15
Pennisetum 10-
LL
Purple fountain grass 2 10 1.9 10 0.30 m
setaceum rubrum 15
W
10-
Portulacaria afra Jade Plant 2 10 1.9 10
15
Pseuderanthemum
o.
C
atropurpureum Chocolate Plant 3 10 2.5 15 20 0.30 m
tricolor
g
Moses in the Cradle, 10-

in
Rhoeo discolor 3 10 2.5 10 0.20 m

Boat lily 15
ct
12-
Rhoeo spathacea Moses In The Cradle 3 10 2.5 10
tra
15
Rosmarinus 10-
on
Rosemary 2 10 1.9 10 0.20 m

officinalis 15
C
10-
Ruellia tuberosa Ruellia 3 10 2.5 15 0.50 m
15
f
ul
Russelia Coral plant, Firecracker 10-

3 10 2.5 10 0.30 m
G
equisetiformis Plant 15
Sesuvium 10-
Sea Pureslane 2 10 1.9 10 0.20 m
portulacastrum 15
10-
Setcreasea pallida Purple Heart 3 10 2.5 10 0.15 m
15
12-
Tradescantia pallida Purple Heart 3 10 2.5 10
15
12-
Verbena tenuisecta Moss Verbena 3 10 2.5 10
15
12-
Vitex rotundifolia Beach Vitex 2 10 1.9 20
15
10-
Wedelia trilobata Creeping Daisy 3 10 2.5 10 0.15 m
15
Seasonals

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
l/m2/day/year
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/m2/day
Ageratum One
Floss Flower 10 10 10
mexicanum flower
LL
One
Amaranthus tricolor Joseph's Coat 10 10 10
W
flower
One
Antirrhinum majus Floral Snapdragon 10
o. 10 10
flower
C
Asclepias One
Blood Flower 10 10 10
curassvica flower
g
in
One
Calendula officinalis Port Marigold 10 10 10
flower
ct
tra
Callistephus One
China Aster 10 10 10
chinesis flower
on
Catharanthus One
Madagasar Periwinkle 10 10 10
roseus flower
C
One
Celosia cristata Fair Fountains 10 10 10
f
flower
ul
Celosia cristata One

G
Cockscomb 10 10 10
var.nana flower
One
Celosia plumosa Burut Plume 10 10 10
flower
Chryanthemum One
Florist's Mum 10 10 10
morifolium flower
Chrysanthemum One
Monarch Court 10 10 10
carinatum flower
One
Cosmos bipinnatus Mexican Aster 10 10 10
flower
One
Dianthus barbatus Sweet William 10 10 10
flower
One
Dianthus chinensis Chinese Pink 10 10 10
flower
One
Gaillardia pulchela Blanket Flower 10 10 10
flower
One
Gazania splendens Gazania 10 10 10
flower
One
Gomphrena globosa Globe Amaranth 10 10 10
flower
One
Kochia scoparia Summer Cypresus 10 10 10
flower
One
LL
Lobularia maritima Sweet Alysum 10 10 10
flower
W
One
Mathilola incana 10 10 10
flower
Pelargonium x
Garden Geranium 10 o.
10 10
One
C
hybrida flower
One
g
Pellionia pulchra Training Begoria 10 10 10
flower
in
ct
One
Petunia x hybrida Petunia Hybrid 10 10 10
flower
tra
One
Polianthes tuberosa The Pearl 10 10 10
flower
on
Portulaca graniflora One

Moss Rose, Sun Plant 10 10 10
C
var. Corniche flower

f
One
ul
Salvia splendens Scarlet Sage 10 10 10

flower
G
One
Senecio cineraria Dusty Miller 10 10 10
flower
One
Tagetes Marigold 10 10 10
flower
One
Verbena peruviana Aztec Queen 10 10 10
flower
One
Viola tricolour Kiss-Me-Love 10 10 10
flower
One
Zinnia sp. Zinnia 10 10 10
flower
Grass

Mean Daily Demand
Peak Daily Demand
Clear Trunk/ Total

Botanical Name
Common Name
Irrigation Group
Stem girth cm
l/m2/day/year
Pot Size cm
Spread cm
l/m2/day
Cybopogon
Australian Lemon Grass 2 10 1.9 15 20
ambiguus
Cymbopogon
Lemon Grass 3 10 2.5 15 15
citratus
Cynodon dactylon Bermuda grass 3 10 2.5
LL
Imperata cylindrica Blood Grass 3 10 2.5 15 0
W
Paspalum Bahia grass, Seashore
3 10 2.5
vaginatum notatum Paspalum
Pennesetum o.
C
African Fountain Grass 2 10 1.9 15 30
villosum
g
Pennisetum divisum Dwarf Fountain Grass 1 12 1.2 15 30

in
Pennisetum
ct
African Feathergrass 2 10 1.9 15 30

macrourum
tra
Stipagrostis 12-
Desert Grass 2 10 1.9 20
plumosa 15
on
Zoysia japonica Japanese Grass 3 10 2.5

C
1.5.10 Edging Plant Beds

f
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1 Planting beds shall be uniformly edged, using a sharp tool to provide a clear cut division line
G
between the planted area and adjacent area and to provide the required shape. The entire
planted area shall be raked smooth while retaining the earth saucers.
2 Edging materials shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
1.5.11 Mulch
1 Mulch shall be spread to a uniform depth of 100 mm no later than 48 hours after planting.
Mulch should be kept out of lawn areas, crowns of shrubs and off paved areas and buildings.
1.5.12 Watering of Plants
1 The contractor shall water the plants as necessary to maintain an adequate supply of
moisture within the root zone and maintain healthy growth. The water shall be allowed to
flow gently around the plant and shall not be delivered to cause disturbance to the roots or
soil. Run-off, puddling and wilting shall be prevented. Earth saucers shall be rebuilt as
needed to retain water.
1.5.13 Pruning
1 Immediately after planting, all plants are to be pruned as directed by the Engineer and in
accordance with accepted horticultural practices. The total amount of foliage shall be pruned
by one fourth to one third on the installed trees and shrubs to compensate for loss of roots
and transporting shock. Pruning shall be done to carefully. Any damaged, dead or diseased
branches shall be cut back and any weak or malformed growth shall be removed. The typical
growth habit of the individual plant shall be retained.
2 Cuts shall be clean and shall be made flush with the parent trunk or branch. Improper cuts,
stubs, dead and broken branches shall be removed. Right angle cuts to the line of growth
shall not be permitted. Trees shall not be poled or the leader removed, nor shall the leader
be pruned or topped off. Cuts or wounds shall be painted with an appropriate wound
dressing.
LL
1.5.14 Anti-Desiccant Application
W
1 Plants requiring additional protection against wilt and shock shall be sprayed with anti-
desiccant in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
1.5.15 Clean up and Site Restoration

o.
C
1 Excess and waste material shall be removed daily. Pavements and work areas shall be kept
g
in a clean and orderly fashion. Pedestrian access points and vehicular access points shall
in
be maintained and kept clear at all times. All rubbish and litter shall be cleared as it
accumulates within the landscape work area.
ct
tra
2 When planting and turf work has been completed, all debris including subsoil, excess
agricultural soil, litter, and debris shall be removed and disposed of at a location as agreed
on
with the Engineer
3 Existing turf areas, pavements and facilities that have been damaged from planting
C
operations shall be restored to the original condition at the Contractor’s expense.

f
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1.5.16 Maintenance during Planting Operations

G
1 Newly installed plants shall be maintained in a healthy growing condition.
2 Maintenance operations shall begin immediately after each plant is installed and shall
continue until the plant establishment period commences.
3 Maintenance includes watering, pruning, wound dressing, straightening and other necessary
operations.
4 Plant beds and saucers shall be kept free of weeds and other undesired vegetation.
5 Plants shall be checked for settlement and shall be reset to the proper level as necessary.
1.6 EXISTING LANDSCAPING
1.6.1 Care of Existing Landscaping
1 Where construction procedures or site conditions may cause damage or impact to existing
landscaping, it shall be the Contractor’s responsibility to take measures as described below
to protect and maintain such plant materials throughout the duration of the project, or to
replace such materials at his own expense if accepted by the Engineer.
1.6.2 Identification of Existing Plants
1 Existing plants shall be tagged with a durable, waterproof and weather resistant label
indicating the correct plant name. Labels shall be securely attached and not removed until
directed by the Engineer.
LL
1.6.3 Watering and Fertilizing Existing Non Native Trees
W
1 Holes at 600 mm centres shall be dug by hand or with a mechanical device, a minimum 40
mm in diameter and 500 mm deep, over the outer half of the branch spread zone of each
tree.
o.
C
2 Slow release fertiliser shall be placed in each hole to within 100 mm of the surrounding
ground level.
g
in
3 The holes shall be backfilled with approved soil.

ct
4 Plants shall be irrigated regularly to maintain them in good condition and where necessary a
tra
150mm earth berm shall be formed to contain the water within the plants root zone
1.6.4 Fertilizing Existing Non Native Shrubs and Groundcover Beds

on
1 Existing shrubs and groundcover beds shall be topdressed with slow release fertiliser.
C
Fertiliser adhering to plants shall be flushed with water.

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1.6.5 Watering Native Trees, Shrubs and Groundcovers

G
1 Existing plants shall be irrigated regularly to maintain them in good condition and where
necessary a 150mm earth berm shall be formed to contain the water within the plants root
zone.
1.6.6 Pruning and Cavity Work
1 A suitably qualified tree surgeon shall perform the required pruning and cavity work on
existing plants. Sucker growth, deadwood larger than 15 mm in diameter, branches
interfering with or hindering growth of plants and diseased branches shall be removed.
2 The contractor shall cut back or remove branches as necessary to give plants proper shape
and balance.
3 Stubs, improper cuts and broken limbs shall be removed.
4 Cuts shall be clean and shall be made flush with the parent limb or trunk. Cuts, wounds and
cavity work shall be painted with an appropriate tree wound dressing.
1.7 PLANTING MATERIALS
1.7.1 General
1 Planting materials are to comply with BS 3936: 1980 and Part 10: 1981, free from pest and
diseases, representative of their species or variety, or size not less than specified in plants
Table Table 9a and 9b, with well-branched head and vigorous root system, free from injury
and obtained from a nursery or other approved sources.
2 All plants and turf material will conform to the varieties specified or shown in the Project
Documentation and be true to the botanical name as listed in publications.
3 Substitutions shall only be made when a plant or alternative as specified is not obtainable
and the Engineer authorises a change order providing for use of the nearest equivalent
obtainable.
LL
4 Plants shall be supplied from localities similar to the climatic conditions of the Project.
W
1.7.2 Nomenclature
1 o.
The Contractor shall ensure that nomenclature of trees and plants shown on the drawings
C
conform to the approved standards and literatures of this section.
g
2 Trees are to have straight trunks or trunks characteristics of species, well-shaped tops, and
in
intact leaders and are to be undercut at least once in the nursery. All trees are to be supplied
earth balled and hessian covered or container grown. Trees shall be of the quantities,
ct
species, and sizes as shown in plants table Table 9a and 9b defining the perimeter or the
tra
circumference of the trunk measured at 1.50 m from the base.

on
3 Fruit trees shall be grafted on true rootstock, graft to be at least 20 about planting soil level,
one meter minimum height or as specified by the Engineer.
C
4 Palms are to have crown of new leaves, proper colour of leaves of adult palms, and sufficient
hardiness. Palms are to be supplied earth balled and hessian covered, with the exception of
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imported palms, handling of which may be subject to government current regulations. Palms
shall be of the quantities, species, and sizes as shown in the plant materials schedule in the
G
drawings.
(a) Date palms to be minimum 2 m and maximum 3 m straight clear trunk female type
local variety of “KHALAS, KHNAIZI, SHISHI, OR BERHI” from approved nursery.
Height of palms shall be as per plants Table Table 9a & 9b.
(b) Palm trees could be imported if not available locally but the root system shall be at
least 30 cm around the base of the tree in all direction. Local palm trees shall have a
root zone at least 50 cm around the base of the tree in all direction.
5 Shrubs are to be well grown and filled out. Deciduous shrubs may be supplied bare rooted,
earth balled, or container grown. Evergreen shrubs and vines are to be either earth balled or
container grown. Shrubs shall be of the quantities, species and sizes as shown in the plants
table Table 9a & 9b.
6 Hedges shall have a spacing of 30 to 50 cm and height as specified in plants table Table 9a
& 9b and planted as single row in one straight continuous trench.
7 Ground covers and succulents plants which are provided in pots and other containers and
which have been acclimatized to outside conditions are acceptable provided they are equal
in quantity to field grown stock and are not root bound. Ground cover plants shall be of the
species, sizes, and spacing shown on the plant materials schedule plants table Table 9a &
9b.
1.7.3 Guaranties – Planting Material
1 The Contractor shall certify in writing that all plant material of each consignment delivered to
site to be utilized will be according to these specifications are true to their species. If
contractor supply through import, he shall submit a guaranty of availability of plants with
specified characteristics sizes, height, calipers etc. Issued by the supplier for engineer’s
approval.
2 The Contractor shall also submit certificate of origin, phyto sanitary certificate and certificate
LL
of guarantee from supplier stating that the imported plants are true to the specified species-
varieties for engineer’s approval.
W
3 If the plants are to be grown in Qatar, samples of all specified varieties shall be submitted in
o.
the form of a reserved plot at the mother nursery ready for inspection and approval by the
Engineer.
C
4 Due to some project need the Engineer could ask for site nursery to be used for storing and
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caretaking of plants prior to planting. This site nursery shall have its own water tanks, power,
in
shade and irrigation system.

ct
5 Trees, shrubs, ground cover and grass shall be guaranteed for the duration of the 400 days
tra
maintenance period. Palm trees shall be guaranteed for a period of 400 calendar days after
installation approval.
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1.7.4 Accessories
C
1 Stakes for Trees:

f
(a) De-barked timber, straight, free of knots, splits or other projections, pointed at the end,
ul
lower end to min. 15 cm above grade level shall be treated with non-injurious wood
G
preservative carried out at least two weeks before stakes are used, minimum section
50 mm and length 2 m depending on height of a tree. The stakes shall be laid 50 cm
deep in the soil.
(b) Position two stakes close to tree but outside the perimeter of the root-ball, and drive
vertically a minimum 50 cm into pit and until top of stake is required height.
(c) Consolidate material around stake during backfilling, secure trees with wire and tree
tie as shown on drawings.
2 Stakes for Small Shrubs and Hedges:

(a) De|-barked timber, straight, free of knots, splits or other projections, pointed at the
end, lower end to min. 15 cm above grade level shall be treated with non-injurious
wood preservative carried out at least two weeks before stakes are used, minimum
section 25 mm and length depending on height of a shrub or hedge. The stakes shall
be laid 30 cm deep in the soil.
(b) Position one stake close to shrub or hedge but outside the perimeter of the root-ball,
and drive vertically a minimum 30 cm into pit and until top of stake is required height.
3 Protection shelter for fruit and specimen trees shall be made of 4 wood stakes 2 meter long,
5x5 cm section and 30 cm deep in the ground at 10 cm away from tree branches. The
wooden stakes are wrapped with shade net 70% shade factor and braced one to the other
on top.
4 Guys for Palms: Only for palms with root balls less than 40 cm. Palms shall be tied to the
ground from 50 cm below crown with three gI wire placed inside a 15 mm Polyethylene Tube
around the palm trunk, and tied to steel anchors dug 60 cm deep into the soil and flush with
ground level.
5 Tree Stakes Wires: 3 mm diameter, solid galvanized wire in suitable lengths fixed to a
position approximately two thirds of a tree height, looped around the stem and protected by
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an approved tree-tie.
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6 Twine for Tying: lightly tarred medium or coarse sisal yarn.
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7 Burlap: jute of 0.20 kg/m2 or cloth having same strength and resistance to tearing and
capable of rotting in the ground.
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8 Plastic Mowing Strip: Super-Edge made of durable, flexible polypropylene.
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(a) The edge shall have 3.5 to 4% carbon black concentrate added for UV stabilization
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and medium density with a melt factor under 2. Minimum average thickness shall be
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95/1000 to 95/1000 of an inch.

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(b) Overall height shall be 5 inches minimum. Top edge shall have a 1 inch horizontal
circle and galvanized steel anchoring stakes at least every 2 meters.
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A 15 years guarantee shall be given against cracking, rot, disintegration and manufacturer
defects.
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9 Rubber Ties: Shall be manufactured from UV stabilize rubber or equal approved by

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engineer.
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(a) It shall be ideally suitable for outdoor application.

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(b) The type of rubber ties shall be chain look or strap or twist look or equivalent.
10 Labels: Each plant, or group of plants or container of the same species, variety, and size of
plant, shall be legibly tagged with a durable, waterproof and weather resistant label
indicating the correct plant name and reference number if applicable. Labels shall be
securely attached and not removed.
1.7.5 Transplanting Plants
1 Certificates: provide manufacturer’s or supplier’s certified analysis for fertilizer materials and
other substantiating that materials comply with specified requirements.
2 Samples: submit samples of materials for approval. For standard products, the
manufacturer’s analysis will be acceptable. For all other materials, analysis is to be provided
by recognized laboratories.
3 Inspection: the Engineer reserves the right to inspect trees and shrubs either at place of
growth or on site before planting, to verify compliance with requirements for names, variety,
size and quality, condition of root systems, presence of insects, injuries, and latent defects.
Remove rejected trees and shrubs immediately from site at Contractor expenses.
4 Planting Schedule: the Contractor shall submit planting schedules, showing proposed
planting dates for each type of planting to be approved by the Engineer taking into
consideration season limitation on planting seasonal plants, grass, and palms.
5 Packaged Materials: deliver packaged material in unopened containers showing weight,

analysis, and name of manufacturer. Protect materials from deterioration during delivery and
while stored in site. Damaged materials are to be replaced as required.
6 Manufacturers’ Recommendations: apply fertilizer, herbicides and the like strictly in

accordance with manufacturers’ recommendations, observe all precautions. Remove
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containers from site when no longer required.
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1.7.6 Planting Time
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1 Plant during normal planting seasons for each type of plant as approved by the Engineer.
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2 Do not plant when soil is waterlogged or excessively dry or when persistent cold or drying
winds are likely to occur, obtain approval from the Company to vary planting dates if special
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conditions so warrant.
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3 Give the Engineer 48 hours notice before commencing planting, maintenance, or

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replacement work using checklists supplied by the Engineer.

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4 No planting shall be carried out during periods of heavy rain, sandstorms, heavy winds, or
during intense daytime heat. Plants and trees shall only be moved or planted between mid-
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September and mid-May.

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5 When special conditions warrant a variance to the planting time and conditions, a proposed
planting schedule shall be submitted to the Engineer for review and approval. In such cases,
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the planting will be installed at no additional cost and all conditions and obligations such as
maintenance and warranty remain the same as specified herein
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1.7.7 Water Consumption
1 Daily water requirement for different plant type is as shown below in Table 10
(a) Daily water requirement will differ depending on season and particular type of ground
cover and shrub species.
(b) During Rain: Irrigation system feeding drip emitters shall be switched off, when
precipitation rate exceeds 12mm, otherwise allow for more salt leaching effects to
happen.
Table 10:
Peak Daily Water Requirements See Irrigation 2.6.1 for details
Daily Water
Plant Type
Requirement
Palms 120 ltr/day/palm
Large trees 80 ltr/day/per tree
Small trees 60 ltr/day/tree
2
Ground cover 10 ltr/day/m
2
Seasonals 10 ltr/day/m
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Hedges 12 ltr/day/m length
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Large shrub 20 ltr/day/plant
Small shrub
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8 ltr/day/plant
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2
Grass 12-18 ltr/day/m
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Note the above rates are peak rates for maximum demand volume calculations. Seasonal gradation
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needs to be calculated for annual irrigation water budget as per Section 28 Part02 Irrigation system
Appendix 2.6.1. Actual irrigation water scheduling shall be based on weather station to ensure only
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the required water is delivered to the plant

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1.7.8 Percolation Test

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1 Fill each planting pit with irrigation water and ensure that the water can drain away. In case
of poor drainage, a percolation test shall be carried out and drainage holes augured if
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required.
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2 Percolation Test Procedure:

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(a) One day prior to the test the pit/bed shall be filled with water.
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(b) A marker bar is placed in the pit/ bed before the test is performed.
(c) The pit / bed are half filled with water and the level is indicated with tape on the marker
bar.
(d) The test is monitored over a period of one hour. If the water level drops by 20 mm. or
more within that time the pit/ bed passes.
(e) If a pit/ bed fail the percolation test, boreholes shall be augured 2 No/tree pit or 10 m
spacing in planting beds. Tests shall repeat at each 0.5 m depth of borehole until the
test is passed.
1.7.9 Installation for Trees and Shrubs
1 Plants shall be handled carefully and arranged so they take full advantage of the individual
character of each plant in relationship to other plants.
2 Plants shall be placed in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in place until sufficient
backfill mixture has been firmly placed around the root ball. Plants shall be placed so that the
level at which they were set with respect to surrounding ground level before installation is the
same as after installation.
3 Ball and burlap plants shall have twine, metal, plastic and wire ties removed from the tops of
the earth ball after backfill soil has been placed to approximately two thirds of the ball depth,
tamped lightly and watered. Backfilling around plant shall be completed in 150 mm layers
after water has drained away. Burlap wrapping shall not be pulled out from under the earth
ball.
4 Plants supplied in non-biodegradable containers shall be removed in such a way as to

prevent damage to plant or root system. Before planting, any damaged or broken roots shall
be carefully trimmed and removed.
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5 A 100 to 150 mm high earth saucer shall be formed around individual plants. The diameter of
the saucer should be larger than and outside the backfilled area.
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6 After planting, plants shall be guyed or staked as required or directed by the Engineer. Trees
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and shrubs shall be protected against wind and sun with burlap wrapping where necessary
or directed to ensure satisfactory establishment of plant.
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7 Trees 1.2 to 1.8 m tall shall be held in place with one 1 bracing stake. The stake shall be
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positioned close to the tree on the windward side. The stake shall be driven vertically into
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firm ground taking care not to injure the roots. The tree shall be held firmly to the stake with a
double strand of wire placed 1m above ground level. A chafing guard shall be used were the
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wire is in contact with the tree.

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8 Trees 1.8 to 2.5 m tall shall be held in place with two 2 bracing stakes placed on opposite
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sides. The stake shall be driven vertically into firm ground taking care not to injure the roots.
The tree shall be shall be held firmly in place placed 1m above ground level with a double
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stand of wire Chafing guards shall be used where the wire is in contact with the tree.
9 Trees taller than 2.5 m shall be held firmly in place with three 3 guying lines of double strand
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wire placed equidistantly around the tree. The wire shall be anchored with ground stakes
driven into firm ground outside the earth saucer. The wire shall be anchored to the tree at a
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point equal or greater than one third of its height. A flag shall be securely fastened to each
guying wire.
1.7.10 Installation of Palms
1 Palms shall be lifted and moved with a crane or other approved method to avoid any
damage to any part of the palm.
2 Palms shall be placed in the centre of each pit, set plumb and held in place until sufficient
backfill mixture has been firmly placed around the root ball. The top of the root ball should be
100 mm below the top of the planting pit. The pit shall be backfilled with specified mixture to
approximately two thirds of depth of the root ball, tamped lightly and watered. Backfilling
around plant shall be completed in 150 mm layers after water has drained away. A 100 to
150 mm high earth saucer shall be formed around the palm. The diameter of the saucer
should be larger than and outside the backfilled area.
1.8 GRASS
1.8.1 Materials and Products
1 Grass Stolons: Paspalum vaginatum, Bermuda or other type as specified by the Engineer
minimum age of 12 months, with root of sufficient development that will support growth.
Submit certification for grass species.
2 Grass sprigs shall be provided as healthy living stems stolons or rhizomes with attached
roots including two to three nodes. They shall be 5 to 15 mm long without adhering soil. The
limitation of time between harvesting and planting of sprigs shall be 24 hours. Sprigs shall be
obtained from heavy and dense turf, free from weeds. Sprigs that have been exposed to
heat and excessive drying will be rejected. Sprigs shall be planted at 150 mm apart in both
directions.
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3 Turf shall be strongly rooted, not less than 2 years old, free of weeds and undesirable native
grass. Only turf that is capable of vigorous growth and development when laid shall be used.
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Turf shall be of a uniform size in width and length. Broken pads or pads with uneven ends
will not be acceptable.
1.8.2 Workmanship o.
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1 Provide manufacturer's or supplier's certified analysis for grass and fertilizer materials and
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other data substantiating that materials comply with specified requirements.

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2 Provide certificate of compliance from authority having jurisdiction indicating approval of

fertilizer and herbicide composition and mixtures.
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3 Submit samples of materials for approval. For standard products, the manufacturer's
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analysis will be acceptable. For all other materials, analysis is to be provided by recognized
laboratories.
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4 Supplier/Grower shall be a Qatar based company or equivalent specializing in the

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production/propagation of the work of this section.

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5 Installer shall have a minimum of 5 years experience and approved by the Engineer.
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6 Deliver packaged materials in unopened containers showing weight, analysis, and name of
manufacturer. Protect materials from deterioration during delivery while stored on site.
Damaged materials are to be replaced as required.
7 Apply fertilizer, herbicides, and the like strictly in accordance with manufacturers'
instructions, observe all precautions. Remove containers from site when no longer required.
8 Co-ordinate with installation of underground sprinkler system piping and watering heads.
Coordinate with installation of trees, palms, shrubs and groundcover.
1.8.3 Soil Preparation
1 Final cultivation of planted areas: remove stones and fill eroded areas with fresh topsoil in
case found.
2 Final cultivation of seeded grass areas: after final grading, lightly and uniformly firm soil and
reduce top 100 mm to fine tilts. Rake to true, even surface, removing stones more than 25
mm in any dimension. Add organic fertilizer or inorganic fertilizer at recommended and
approved rates.
3 Obtain approval of prepared soil areas before seeding.
1.8.4 Delivery
1 Deliver grass in stolons, or sprigs form bundled and packaged in accordance with standard
trade practices.
2 Do not deliver sprigs quantities which is more than can be spread and planted within 24
hours.
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1.8.5 Seeding
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1 Grass seed shall be the latest season’s crop and shall be delivered in original
sealed packages bearing the producer’s guaranteed analysis for percentage of
mixtures, purity, weed seed content, and inert material. Seed that has become wet,
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mouldy, or otherwise damaged will not be acceptable. On-site seeding shall be done in the
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presence of the Engineer. The seed mixture shall be sown at the rate of 35 g/m2. Grass
seed mixtures shall be listed by schedule with information as follows:
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(a) botanical name

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(b) common name

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(c) proportion by weight

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(d) minimum percentage of pure seed

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(e) minimum percentage of germination

(f) maximum percentage of weed seed
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2 Do not sow if soil is waterlogged or excessively dry or when persistent drying winds are likely
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to occur.
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3 One day before sowing apply inorganic fertilizer at the rate of 50 gm/m over grass areas
and water in.
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4 Spread seed evenly at rate of 1 kg/30 m or as stated on supplier’s catalogue and approved
by the Engineer applied in two equal sowings in transverse directions. Lightly harrow or rake
and water.
1.8.6 Preparation and Installation of Carpet Grass
1 Verify that prepared soil mixture base is ready to receive the work of this section.
2 Prepare sub-soil and eliminate uneven areas and low spots.
3 Maintain lines, levels, profiles and contours. Make changes in grade gradually to blend
slopes into level areas.
4 Scarify topsoil to a depth of 100 mm where soil mixture is placed.

5 Repeat cultivation in areas where equipment used for hauling and spreading soil mixture has
compacted subsoil.
6 Co-ordinate works with irrigation installer and utility inspections prior to this work.
7 Placing soil mixture: refer to section 1.3.17 & 1.3.18 above.
8 Roll carpet grass with a use of water drum roller to compact lightly.
9 Fill low patches and low areas with dune sand as final levelling.
10 Irrigate adequately to saturate the top 100mm of soil.
1.8.7 Watering, Cutting, and Completion
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1 During establishment of grass areas ensure that sufficient water is applied to maintain
healthy growth. Carry out watering using sprinkler until full depth of topsoil is saturated.
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2 Separate grassed planting bays planting separator from adjacent ground covers, shrubs, or
aggregate finish areas by approved plastic mowing strips fixed to manufacturer's
recommendations.
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3 When 90% of area is covered by grass, cut first cut to a height of approximately 40 mm
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using mowing machines in preference to cutting knives. After cutting, fertilize area covered
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by grass with sulphate of ammonia at the rate of 30 gm/m then water thoroughly.
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4 Mow subsequent cuts to keep grass at approximately 50 mm height.

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5 Remove soil from hard surfaces and leave the site in a clean and tidy condition.
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1.9 APPLICATION OF PESTICIDE

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1.9.1 General Requirements

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1 When pesticide becomes necessary to remove a disease or pest, a trained and certified
operative shall apply the required pesticide in accordance with the recommendations of the
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manufacturer.
2 Hydraulic equipment shall be provided for liquid application of pesticides with a leak proof
tank, positive agitation methods, controlled application pressure and metering gauges.
3 Prior to application the Contractor shall submit a pesticide treatment plan to the Engineer.
1.10 WARRANTY, MAINTENANCE AND HANDOVER
1.10.1 Plant Establishment and Warranty Period
1 Upon substantial completion of landscaping works as approved by the Engineer, the plant
establishment period for maintaining installed plants in a healthy growing condition shall
commence. The plant establishment period shall be in effect until the end of the warranty
period. At the end of the warrantee period, all plants and turf shall be in a healthy and living
condition.
2 When planting operations extend over more than one season or there is a variance to the
planting times, the plant establishment periods shall be furnished for work completed, as
directed. Written calendar dates shall be furnished to the Engineer for the beginning of the
plant establishment period. When there is more than one plant establishment period, the
boundaries of the planted areas covered for each period shall be detailed.
1.10.2 Plant Maintenance during the Establishment Period
1 Maintenance of plants shall include straightening plants, tightening stakes and guying
material, repairing wrapping, protecting plant areas from erosion, supplementing mulch,
application of tree wound dressing, removing dead or broken tip growth by pruning,
maintaining edges of plant beds and earth saucers, maintaining plant labels, salinity control,
watering, weeding, removing and replacing unhealthy plants, pesticide treatment and other
horticultural operations necessary for proper plant growth and keeping the Site neat in
appearance. The Contractor shall provide all necessary labour, equipment and materials to
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comply with this operation.
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2 Watering shall be conducted regularly to maintain an adequate supply of moisture within the
root zone.
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Weed control and debris removal shall be routinely performed by the Contractor. Grass and
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weeds shall not be allowed to reach a height of 50 mm in any tree basin or around any plant
before being completely removed, including the root growth.
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4 Throughout the maintenance the Contractor shall continue a fertiliser programme to maintain
soil nutrients, and fertility suitable to proper plant growth.
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5 Amended agriculture soil shall be added to maintain finished ground levels and to maintain
earth saucers. Serious settlement affecting the setting /level of the plant in relation to the
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depth at which it was grown will require replanting in accordance with Clause 1.5.
6 Treatment for disease or pest shall be in accordance with Clause 1.10.

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1.10.3 Replacement Plants during the Establishment Period

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1 A survey of the landscaping works shall be carried out fifty 50 days after acceptance of
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substantial completion. Following the survey, the Engineer will direct the Contractor to
remove and replace all plants determined as dead. Plants reviewed that exhibit questionable
abilities to survive will be tagged by the Contractor in the presence of the Engineer and be
reviewed after an additional twenty five 25 days to determine acceptance or rejection. The
Contractor shall make reasonable efforts to stabilise the quality of the tagged plants.
2 All replacement planting shall be at the Contractor’s expense.
1.10.4 Lawn Maintenance during Plant Establishment Period
1 Maintenance shall consist of watering, fertilising, weeding, mowing, trimming and other
operations as required to establish a smooth acceptable lawn free of eroded or bare areas. If
required, the Contractor shall apply maintenance fertiliser after the second mowing. Any
additional fertiliser shall be added when grass is dry. After application of the fertiliser, the
area shall be watered well
2 The Contractor shall maintain lawns for not less than the period stated below and longer as
required to establish an acceptable lawn.
3 Seeded lawn areas shall be maintained through three 3 maintenance cuttings but not less
than sixty 60 days after substantial completion.
4 Sprigged and turfed lawn areas shall be maintained through two 2 maintenance cuttings but
not less than thirty 30 days after substantial completion.
1.10.5 Final Acceptance
1 Prior to the completion of the plant establishment period, a preliminary inspection shall be
undertaken by the Engineer. The time for this inspection shall be established in writing. The
quantity and types of plants installed and the acceptability of the plants shall be determined.
The plant establishment and warranty period will end with this inspection provided that the
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Contractor has complied with the work required under Clause 1.11.1. The Contractor shall
also comply with the following requirements.
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2 Dead, missing or defective plant material or turf shall be replaced. Replaced plants will be of
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the same size and species as originally specified.
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3 Weed plant beds and saucers. Prior to inspection treat these areas with an application of
approved pre-emergent herbicide.
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4 Remove stakes, guy wires and wrappings from plants as directed by the Engineer.
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5 Complete remedial measures as directed by the Engineer.

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6 Repair damages caused while making plant or turf repairs.

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7 A final inspection, if required, shall be undertaken by the Engineer to determine that the
deficiencies noted in the preliminary inspection have been corrected. The time for this
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inspection shall be established in writing.

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1.11 MAINTENANCE
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1.11.1 General
1 Maintenance Personnel: to have experience in Qatar based landscape contracting company

specializing in installing and planting.
2 Maintenance Manual: upon completion of defects and liability period, and prior to final
acceptance, provide the company with four 4 copies of a bound, waterproof maintenance
manual.
3 The manual shall contain seasonal irrigation water and fertilizer application rates, pesticide,
insecticide, fungicide and herbicide applications by plant type.
4 Maintenance Manual shall also include in detail all general landscape maintenance
procedures for soil and all types of planting groups being part of this project, including but
necessarily limited to:
(a) pruning, trimming, thinning, edging, mowing, fertilization, top-dressing, weeding,
irrigation, disease control, insect control, pest control, weed control, re-sprigging,
replanting, pruning, repairs, thinning,
(b) The minimum requirements for fertilizer application program are as per Table 11 & 12.
(c) The manuals shall be both in Arabic and English
5 Penalty for Non-Performance/ Delay: Due to the nature of the soft landscaping and the effect
it has on the public appearance, the Contractor must carry out the maintenance work as
scheduled and direct by the Engineer. Failure to do so will have severe consequences on
the Contractor and the Engineer may take action the maintenance work. The Main
Contractor shall bear all the cost implications arising from this action and no payment shall
be processed until the Main Contractor processes the payment due to the new contractor
that carried out the work.
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6 The Contractor shall execute the require maintenance work in accordance with the approved
maintenance program / schedule without any delay and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. In
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the event the Contractor fails to carry out the work specified, Public Work Authority shall
employ persons other than the Contractor’s staff to carry out the work and shall recover from
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the Contractor such costs incurred thereby from any monies due, or which become due, to
the Contractor. In addition the Contractor shall be liable to Penalties as follows:
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(a) Delay in cutting and maintaining grass.
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(b) Delay in cutting and maintaining ground cover plants

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(c) Delay in pruning and maintaining hedges.

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(d) Delay in pruning and maintaining trees, shrubs.

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(e) Delay in applying fertilizer and soil amendment.

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(f) If delay in replacing dead plant is more than 6 days the Engineer will reserve the right
to hire another Contractor to replant the missing plant and shall recover from the Main
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Contractor such costs incurred thereby from any monies due, or which become due, to
the Contractor.
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7 Plant replacement: all dead and unhealthy plants shall be removed immediately; palms that
do not show a healthy growth within 90 days shall be replaced.
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8 Duration of maintenance period: maintenance works upon planting material and irrigation
installations shall be carried-out by the Contractor for the time period of 400 days from the
date of issue of primary handover certificate.
9 Cleanliness: the Contractor shall maintain all materials installed and keep the site clean
during maintenance.
10 During the works: the premises shall be kept neat and orderly at all times including storage
areas for plants and other materials.
11 Rubbish: including debris resulting from horticultural works shall be removed from the site
daily as the work progresses.
12 Paved Areas: shall be kept clean by sweeping and / or hosing.

13 Tags, Labels: nursery stakes and ties shall be removed from all plants.
14 Personnel: the Contractor shall separately list of the personnel, workforce and adequate
equipment to perform the maintenance works herein specified to be carried out from the date
of acceptance of the project by the Engineer until completion of the 400 days plant
establishment period.
1.11.2 Appearance of the Ground
1 The grass, trees, shrubs and other plants shall thrive and the Contractor shall carry out all
normal horticultural operations to ensure coming about.
(a) The contractor shall plant the seasonal flowers during normal planting season.
(b) All the supplied plants shall be healthy and not weak or dead, it must be meeting the
project's requirements as per the specifications.
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(c) During the maintenance period, the Contractor is responsible for maintaining and
replacing the seasonal flowers till the end of the contract.
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(d) All the agricultural processes to be under the supervision and approval of the
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Engineer.
(e) The contractor shall submit for approval by the Engineer the seasonal flowers
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replacement during maintenance period contains information about plants genus,
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species, number of plants per m , planting date, replacement date, replacements type
and observation in an approved form.
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2 The ground shall appear neat, tidy and well cared for and the collection and disposal of
rubbish and litter of all sorts from paths, lawns and beds shall be part of the Contractor
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responsibilities and he shall allow for it in his rates.

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3 Fallen leaves and small bark and twigs debris shall be cultivated in to the soil if approved by
the Engineer.
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4 Surfaces for palms and trees shall not be dug deep, on the contrary the saucers shall be
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maintained as shallow as possible and surrounding ground cover or grass shall not be
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allowed to reach the tree.

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5 Defects: remove and immediately replace trees, shrubs, or plants found to be dead,
unhealthy or vandalized during the maintenance period with approved, true to species
equivalent trees, shrubs, or plants.
6 Provide maintenance of the planted areas from date of provisional acceptance until the end
of the maintenance period and final acceptance.
7 Cultivation: keep beds clear of weed by cultivating and use of approved herbicides. Fork
over beds as necessary to keep soil loose.
8 Fertilizer: to be applied for all plants as specified in the Table 11 below:

Table 11:
Fertilizer application schedule during maintenance period
Type of Plant
Type of
Item Ground
fertilizer Grass Seasonal Hedges Date palms Trees Shrubs
cover
Urea/ 2 2 2 2 2 2
20 g/m 25 g/m 25 g/m 30 g/m 1Kg/Tree every 25 g/m 25 g/m
1 Ammonium
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly 6 Month Monthly Monthly
Sulfate
2 2 2 2 2 2
20 g/m 25 g/m 25 g/m 30 g/m 1 Kg/Tree every 25 g/m 25 g/m
2 NPK
Monthly Monthly Monthly Monthly 6 month Monthly Monthly
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2
Slow 20 g/m
500 g Feb and 200 g/3 40 g/3
3
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Release every 2 NA NA NA
May times times
Fertilizer Month
4
Organic After plug Every 6 Before Every 6
o. Jan & May Jan & May Jan & May
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Fertilizer aeration month planting Month
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9 The Contractor shall prune the plants as follows:

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(a) At appropriate time to remove dead or dying and diseased wood and suckers, to
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promote healthy growth and natural shape.

(b) Dress cut ends exceeding 25 mm diameter with approved tree wound dressing.
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(c) Preserve the natural character. Do not remove leader or small branches along trunks.
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(d) Use clean sharp tools and make cuts clean and flush without leaving stubs.
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(e) Cut back to living tissue.

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(f) Cuts, scars and bruises shall be shaped as not to retain any water
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10 Pruning paint to be approved asphalt based commercial paint Tree seal or equal approved
prepared for tree surgery containing fungicide and shall be applied to any tree/shrub wound
large then 20 mm. Paint shall cover all exposed cambium as well as other exposed living
tissue.
11 Pruning of Hedges and Topiary: all shall be trimmed every four weeks during high vegetation
period, every two weeks in case of excessive growth of certain species. The wood shall
never appear after trimming. Topiary shall be trimmed with specific steel wire frame to match
designed topiary. The geometrical patterns shall be trimmed using stretched ropes and high
guides to maintain shape personnel.
(a) Trimming of topiary shall be done in accordance with designed shapes. Where hedges
are designed continuity of hedge shall be maintained.
(b) Cut back dead stems to just above healthy buds monthly. Limit amount of pruning to
minimum necessary to encourage proper growth and not to change natural habit of
shape.
(c) Apply tree wound dressing or fungicide on all pruned stems to avoid infection.
12 Remove Burlap Wrapping from palm when new leaves show vigorous growth.
13 Tree Stakes: check condition of stakes, ties, and guards. Replace broken or missing items.
Adjust ties if necessary to prevent rubbing of bark. Cut back damaged bark and treat wound
with tree wound dressing.
14 Raking: rake gravel to even surface and remove any litter.
15 Weeding:
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(a) Removal of weed is to be done on a weekly basis for both Dicotyledonous and
Monocotyledonous weeds.
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(b) Weeds have to be removed with roots and shall not be left on grass areas for any
reason, and instead shall be put in a fresh directly to avoid spreading and falling of
seeds.
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(c) Herbicides can be used for controlling Dicotyledonous weeds.
(d) Before every mowing, the grass areas are to be checked for presence of any weeds.
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(e) The weeding dates shall be mentioned by the Contractor and the work to be done
under the supervision and approval of the Engineer's according to the site
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requirements as per the relevant weeding activity record form.

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16 Pest and disease control: the Contractor shall check plants material and take remedial action
as appropriate and in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations. Application of pest
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control schedule is required and approval from site engineer is needed. Fungicides or
Insecticides shall not be performed during the day to avoid leaf burns; application shall be
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done in the evening or early morning.

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17 Cultivating / Hoeing: cultivating shall consist of scarifying the top 80-100mm of planting bed
so lumps of soil are all less than 50mm and all weeds are removed.
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18 Iron Deficiency: plants prone to iron and/or trace elements deficiency shall be checked
monthly and diluted iron applied as required.
1.11.3 Grass Maintenance
1 Maintain grassed areas immediately after placement until grass is well established and
exhibits a vigorous growing condition. Continue maintenance until final acceptance. Turf
areas will be accepted upon 100% coverage being as approved by the Engineer.
2 Defects: re-cultivate and re-seed bare areas and areas of dead grass. At the end of the
maintenance period gassed areas in a healthy condition, with full coverage of grass, without
thin or bald areas.
3 Provide maintenance of the grassed areas as specified below from date of handing over until
the end of the maintenance period.
4 Mowing: cut grass regularly during the growing season to maintain a height of approximately
50 mm, using approved mechanical cylindrical mowers.
(a) Mowing of the grass areas must be done to keep the height of the grass at 3cm
minimum and 5 cm maximum.
(b) For mowing operations only cylindrical lawns mowers are to be used,, the blades of
mowers shall be always sharp to have proper cutting,, use of blunt blades will not
produce even shape,, the lawn mowers shall be in proper condition and there shall not
be leakage of oil or petrol on the grass areas,, only trained personnel are allowed to
mow the grass areas.
(c) The mowing must be done in one direction, the Contractor shall change the mowing
direction each two mowing operations.
(d) The contractor must ensure the removing of the grass cutting's products and all
garbage properly and in the same day after the grass mowing and dumped to an
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approved dumping yard.
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(e) Grass cuttings to be collected prior to disposal on top of a shade net not directly on
top grass
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Where mowing strip is not provided, edges shall be trimmed with an appropriate
weed-eater machine. Vertical trim shall be done using manual lawn trimmer
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(g) Clippings shall be raked off and taken away from site unless directed otherwise by the
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Engineer.
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(h) Grass shall be mowed in parallel strips at regular speed. Edges shall be trimmed
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manually and maintained neat and tidy, curves to be smooth to centres.

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(i) The Contractor shall submit a schedule about mowing operation containing the
mowing operation record each week for all the season in an approved form by the
Engineer.
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5 Edging and Trimming:

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(a) Along with the mowing operations the edges of the grass areas are to be trimmed with
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approved trimming machines.

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(b) Under no circumstances the grass shall be allowed to grow down the road kerbstone
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or along the walkways.

(c) The Contractor must be accurate during edging's operation and shall maintain a
constant distance of 5 cm between the grass and the garden kerbstone.
(d) The grass growing along the tree barns is to be trimmed and properly maintained.
(e) The edging must be done under the supervision and approval of the Engineer.
(f) The edging dates shall be mentioned by the Contractor for each month of the year in
an approved form by the Engineer.
6 Plug Aeration:
(a) Plug aeration must be done by using specific machines Aerators.
(b) To have an effective growth aeration of the grass shall be done once in every four
months
(c) Immediately after aeration & scarification, fertilization with NPK + urea has to be done
followed by rolling after 2 days.
(d) Aeration shall be done immediately after hard mowing to a depth of 12 cm minimum.
7 Verticutting shall be done every 6 months and immediately followed by watering and rolling.
Speed of scarifying shall be to the manufacturer’s specifications. Rake to remove matted
and dead grass and roots
(a) First the Contractor has to mow the lawns as normal and then use scarification
machine to loosen and thin the root zone
(b) Direction of scarifying shall be alternated at each scarifying session.
8 Water grass to prevent grass and soil from drying out.
9 Percolation: in a case of visibly poor soil drainage, perform soil percolation test and prepare
remedy report for the Engineer approval.
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10 Rolling: roll grass, after watering using a light roller as required.
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11 Inorganic fertilizer:
(a) The grass areas are to be fertilized once a month, this has to be done under the
Engineer's approval and supervision.
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(b) Fertilization is to be done immediately after the mowing operations.
(c) A part from those mentioned, macro – nutrients application or micro – nutrients is to
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be applied when required.

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(d) Immediately after fertilization, proper wetting is to be done to dissolve the fertilizer.
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(e) The used mixture must be done according to the following proportions shown in the
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Table 12 below. The Contractor shall inform the Engineer regarding the used NPK
contents and any observations in a periodical manner approved by the Engineer.
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Table 12: Monthly Inorganic Fertilization application for grass

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Months Mixture Proportions/m
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January 32 g NPK + 8 g Urea

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February 20g NPK + 20 g Urea

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March 20g NPK + 20 g Urea

April 20g NPK + 20 g Urea
May 24 g NPK + 16 g Urea
June 36 g NPK + 4 g Urea
July 36 g NPK + 4 g Urea
August 36 g NPK + 4 g Urea
September 36 g NPK + 4 g Urea
October 32 g NPK + 8 g Urea
November 32 g NPK + 8 g Urea
December 32 g NPK + 8 g Urea
12 Sprinklers level: all pop-up grass sprinklers / heads shall be adjusted to be flush with final
grade and 25 cm below edge of grass.
13 Grass shall be replaced immediately after showing signs of deterioration or bare spots.
Protect sowed areas with warning signs during maintenance period.
14 Hard mowing: to be done three times per year to 5 mm prior to aeration.
15 Pesticide application:
(a) Application of Pesticides must be undertaken by an experienced staff, The work shall
be performed and supervised at all times by qualified personnel , The Contractor has
to ensure all the safety conditions for his staff, They must be wearing a proper working
clothes , gloves and put mask's during treatment.
(b) The contractor shall arrange for an inspection request prior to application.
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(c) The contractor shall submit catalogue's data and literature's of manufacturers and
suppliers, it must contains information's about :
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(i) The chemical name, structure and concentration of the active ingredients with
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the spreading and emulsion materials of each product.
(ii) The date of product and expiry, all products must be produced no more than
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one year before treatment and not expired.
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(iii) The commercial name of each product , formula's description , The

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manufacturer's recommended dosage for each plant, The safety period after
treatment , The chemical residues of each product on plants or soil , The mixing
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ability with other pesticides or fertilizer's, and the LD 50 .

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(d) All the pesticides shall be delivered to the site in the original, unopened containers
bearing the manufacturer's guarantee and all the necessary information's of usage.
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(e) The treatment must be done at early morning or before sun set, water shall not be
applied only at least 24 hours after treatment.
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(f) The contractor must not spray pesticides during windy and rainy weather. Ideal
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pressure setting shall be used to avoid air drifting of pesticides.

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(g) Prior to application the Contractor shall submit a pesticide's treatment plan to the
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Engineer, applying program to be approved and supervised by the Engineer.

(h) The contractor shall use the same active ingredients mentioned in the plan, approved
by the Engineer who will preserve the rights to increase or decrease the dosage and
choose the best formulations of each pesticide.
(i) Hydraulic equipment spraying machine shall be provided for liquid application of
pesticide with a leak proof tank, two operational nozzle's to ensure a good and
sufficient coverage, positive agitation methods, controlled application pressure and
metering gauges , the Contractor may use the pesticide's holder with multi nozzle's
for application.
(j) The contractor must not apply all pesticides mentioned in the specification at the same
application to prevent the bad effects of the chemical on plants or soil, he shall also
use a vary types of pesticides alternatively to avoid the pest's resistance, this to be
approved and supervised by the Engineer.
(k) The contractor must keep newly treated area's with pesticides off limit as per the
manufacturer's recommendations, he shall protect treated area's with warning tape
and signage approved by the Engineer showing the date of re-entry in Arabic and
English.
(l) According to the activity peak of the pests in Qatar , the Contractor shall do four
preventive applications to ensure the inhibition of the pests during season as following
(i) In November, the Contractor shall apply fungicide of Metalaxyl in a slow release
formulation such as granules to control the soil born fungi's addition to another
general fungicide and a systemic insecticide to control the other types of fungi's
and the insects which are capable of being active during cold weather.
(ii) In February, The contractor shall apply the same formulation of Metalaxyl with a
mixture of another general fungicide and a systemic insecticide taking into
consideration that the Contractor shall use a different types of the general
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fungicide and insecticide than the previous application to avoid pest's
resistance.
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(iii) In May, the Contractor shall apply a mixture of insecticides consisting of
systemic and contact insecticides addition to a general fungicide.
(iv)
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In September, the Contractor shall apply the same mixture of insecticides and
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fungicides but he shall use different active ingredients to ensure the best results
from application.
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(m) Any occurrence of infection with different types of pests, insects, fungi's and
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nematodes during the whole project's period, the Contractor shall be responsible of
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identifying and controlling all type of infections by using the proper pesticides.
Selection of pesticides with a proper formulation and dosage will be done by the
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Engineer.
(n) The contractor shall fill the pesticides treatment in a schedule contains all the
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necessary information in an approved form by the Engineer.

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16 Top dressing: immediately after pesticide application and plug aeration spread and brush in
organic fertilizer as per quantities shown above in Table 11 & 12.
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17 Lawn mowers: maintenance shall be in accordance with manufacturer's recommendation

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especially in regard to greasing and blades sharpening.
18 Blunt blades shall not be used; they alter the general appearance of lawns.
19 Spiking and raking: once a year, during the dormant period, spike the grassed area, using a
spiked or hollow tined roller and rake to remove matted and dead grass and roots.
20 Weeding: remove weeds as they develop either by hand or use of approved selective weed
killer. Apply herbicides in accordance with manufacturer's recommendation. Remedy
damage resulting from improper use of herbicides.
1.12 APPENDIX A – LANDSCAPING DETAILS 1
Appendix A contains the details listed below:
1 30mm / 20mm Cell to Capture Surface Water
2 Palm Planting Details
3 Palm Tie Details
4 Typical Tree and Excavation Details
5 Typical Tree Wooden Stakes Details
6 Small Shrub Planting Details
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7 Hedge Planting Details
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8 Large Shrub Planting Details
9 Grass Planting Details

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10 Ground Cover Planting Details
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11 Plan for Ground Covers

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1.13 APPENDIX B – ASHGHAL IRRIGATION RATES
1.14 APPENDIX C – LANDSCAPING DETAILS 2
Appendix C contains the details listed below:
1 Building Foundation
2 Drainage Pipes
3 Nursery Pot
4 Side Walk / Kerbs and Cart Paths
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5 Greens / Trees
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6 New Applications
7 Underground Tank o.
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QCS 2014 Section 28: Landscaping Page 1

Part 01: Landscape Planting

1 LANDSCAPE PLANTING ....................................................................................................... 3

1.3.11 Soil Additive - Procedure B .................................................................................................................... 16

1.3.12 Alternative Soil Additive Specifications ................................................................................................. 17

1.3.14 Contractor’s Responsibilities ................................................................................................................. 21

1.3.16 Chemical Testing for Fertiliser Equivalence of the Compost ................................................................ 22

1.3.18 Planting Soil Mixture (Sweet Soil) ......................................................................................................... 23

1.3.20 Turf Fertiliser ......................................................................................................................................... 23

1.3.22 Guys and Stakes .................................................................................................................................... 24

1.3.23 Edging Material ..................................................................................................................................... 24

1.4 SITE PREPARATION FOR PLANTING AREAS ................................................................... 24

1.8 GRASS ................................................................................................................................... 73

1.8.1 Materials and Products ......................................................................................................................... 73

1.8.2 Workmanship ........................................................................................................................................ 73

1.8.5 Seeding .................................................................................................................................................. 74

1.8.7 Watering, Cutting, and Completion ...................................................................................................... 75

1.9.1 General Requirements .......................................................................................................................... 75

1.10.1 Plant Establishment and Warranty Period ............................................................................................ 75

1.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Section 12 Earthworks Related to Buildings

1 The following standards are referred to in this Part:

ASTM C516 ................Specification for Vermiculite Loose Fill Thermal Insulation

ASTM D422 ................Standard Methods of Particle Size Analysis of soil

AS 3743 .....................Potting mixes. Standards Australia, Sydney Australia

BS 1377 .....................Method of test of soils for civil engineering purposes

ANSI Z60-1 ................American Standard for Nursery Stock

Standard Plant Names, American Joint Committee on Horticultural Nomenclature (AJCHN)

RHS Complete Gardener’s Manual, Royal Horticultural Society, UK

RHS Encyclopaedia of Plants and Flower, Royal Horticultural Society, UK

Wyman, Donald, Wyman’s Gardening Encyclopedia, Macmillan Publishing Company, New

2 Landscape work must be undertaken by an experienced subcontractor specialising in

used in the manufacturers country.

consistency and compatibility of supply.

11 An operations and maintenance manual is to be provided by the Contractor. Instructions

minimum, the manual will include the following:

(d) pesticide/fungicide/herbicide applications: including safety application rates,

1.2.1 Shipping and Delivery

the Project Documentation.

original unopened containers bearing the manufacturer’s guaranteed chemical analysis,

contamination and wetting until soil mixing operations commence.

2 Chemicals shall be stored in a manner to avoid cross contamination. No measuring, mixing

6 Trees shall be earth balled and burlapped covered or pot grown.

containers or formed homogenous soil sections.

(f) Additional Pertinent Data

1.3.4 Workmanship / Qualifications

approved site. Clay is from Government approved site.

foreign substance, evenly graded 25 to 50 mm.

1.3.6 Subsoil Preparation

4 Root Barrier (Root control system), as per the details drawings,.

1.3.7 Spreading and Preparation of Topsoil

further cultivation or by application of herbicides if permitted.

1.3.8 Soil Specification

4 100% sand for grass in sports fields.

(b) Loamy sand, clay to be less than 0.002 mm

(ix) Phosphorous: 10 – 15 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

extract (½ hour shake)

(x) Exchangeable sodium: less than 15% in neutral normal ammonium

(xi) Potassium: 100 – 400 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

(xii) Magnesium: 25 – 100 ppm in 1.5 ammonium nitrate

8 Clay shall be obtained from an approved source.

1.3.9 Alternative Soil Specification

2 The Contractor shall furnish agricultural soil from approved sites.