UNIDAD 4 – TALLER PRÁCTICO

SOLUCIÓN DE SISTEMAS DE ECUACIONES POR REGLA DE CRAMER

Para cada uno de los siguientes conjuntos de ecuaciones lineales simultáneas,

determine si hay una solución única y obtenga la solución si existe, utilizando
la regla de Cramer. Desarrolle cada ejercicio paso a paso:

1.
{ x−2y+z=3¿}−x+y−2z=1¿}¿
R//

1 −2 1 1 −2 1

Det s=
| | | |
−1 1 −2
2 −3 1
1 −2 1
−1 1 −2
=
−1 1 −2
2 −3 1
1 −2 1
−1 1 −2

1*1*1= 1
-1*-3*1= 3
2 *-2 * -2= 8
12

1*1*2 = 2
-2 * -3 *1= 6
1 * -2 * -1= 2
10

12-10 = 2
 3 −2 1 3 −2 1

Det x=
| | | |
1 1 −2
2 −3 1
3 −2 1
1 1 −2
=
1 1 −2
2 −3 1
3 −2 1
1 1 −2

3*1*1= 3
1*-3*1= -3
2 *-2 * -2= 8
8

1*1*2 = 2
-2 * -3 *3 = 18
1 * -2 * 1 = -2
18

8-18 = -10
X= det X/ det S = -10/2 = -5
X= -5

1 3 1 1 3 1

Det y =
| |
−1
2
1
−1
1 −2
2 1
3 1
1 −2
=
| |
−1
2
1
−1
1 −2
2 1
3 1
1 −2

1*1*1= 1
-1*2 *1 = -2
2 * 3 * -2 = -12
-13

1*1*2 = 2
-2 * 2 * 1= -4
1 * 3 * -1 = -3
-5
-13-(-5)= -13+5= -8
Y= det Y/ det S = -8/2 = -4
Y= -4

1 −2 3 1 −2 3

Det z=
| |
−1 1 1
2 −3 2
1 −2 3
−1 1 1
=
| |
−1 1 1
2 −3 2
1 −2 3
−1 1 1

1*1*2= 2
-1*-3*3= 9
2 *-2 * 1= -4
7

3*1*2 = 6
1 * -3 *1= -3
2 * -2 * -1= 4
7

7-7=0
Z= det Z/ det S = 0/2 = 0
Z= 0

2.
{2x−y+3z=6¿}4x−2y+6z=9¿}¿
R//

2 −1 3 2 −1 3

Det s=
| | | |
4
1
2
4
−2
−1
−1
−2
6
1
3
6
=
4
1
2
4
−2
−1
−1
−2
6
1
3
6
2*-2*1= -4
4*-1*3= -12
1*-1*6= -6
-22

3*-2*1 = -6
6*-1*2 = -12
1*-1*4= -4
-22

-22-(-22) = -22+22 = 0

NO TIENE SOLUCION YA QUE DET DE S QUEDA EN 0 Y AL DIVIDIR CADA DETERMITANTE

POR ESTE EL RESULTADO VA A SER 0

6 −1 3 6 −1 3

Det x=
| | | |
9
3
6
9
−2
−1
−1
−2
6
1
3
6
=
9
3
6
9
−2
−1
−1
−2
6
1
3
6

6*-2*1= -12
9*-1*3= -27
3*-1*6= -18
-57

3*-2*3= -18
6*-1*6= -36
1*-1*9= -9
-63

-57-(-63) = -57+63 = 6
X= det X/ det S = 6/0 = 0
X= 0
 2 6 3 2 6 3

Det y=
| | | |
4
1
2
4
9
3
6
9
6
1
3
6
=
4
1
2
4
9
3
6
9
6
1
3
6

2*9*1= 18
4*3*3= 36
1*6*6= 36
90

3*9*1= 27
6*3*2= 36
1*6*4= 24
87

90-87 =3
Y= det Y/ det S = 3/0 = 0
Y= 0

2 −1 6 2 −1 6

Det Z=
| | | |
4
1
2
4
−2
−1
−1
−2
9
3
6
9
=
4
1
2
4
−2
−1
−1
−2
9
3
6
9

2*-2*3= -12
4*-1*6= -24
1*-1*9= -9
-45

6*-2*1= -12
9*-1*2= -18
3*-1*4= -12
-42

-45-(-42) = -45+42 = -3
Z= det Z/ det S = -3/0 = 0
Z= 0

3.
{x+ y−z=3¿{x+y=4¿¿¿
1 1 −1 1 1 −1

Det s=

1*1*-2= -2
| | | |
1
3
1
1
1 0
3 −2
1 −1
1 0
=
1
3
1
1
1 0
3 −2
1 −1
1 0

1*3*-1= -3
3*1*0= 0
-5

-1*1*3 = -3
0*3*1 = 0
-1*1*1= -1
-4

-5-(-4)=-5+4= -1

3 1 −1 3 1 −1

Det X=

3*1*-2= -6
| | | |
4
7
3
4
1 0
3 −2
1 −1
1 0
=
4
7
3
4
1 0
3 −2
1 −1
1 0

4*3*-1= -12
7*1*0= 0
-18
-1*1*7 = -7
0*3*3 = 0
-2*1*4= -8
-15

-18-(-15) = -18+15 = -3
X= det X/ det S = -3/-1 = 3
X= 3

1 3 −1 1 3 −1

Det Y=
| | | |
1
3
1
1
4 0
7 −2
3 −1
4 0
=
1
3
1
1
4 0
7 −2
3 −1
4 0

1*3*-2= -3
1*7*-1= -7
3*3*0= 0
-10

-1*4*3 = -12
0*7*1 = 0
-2*3*1= -6
-18

-10-(-18) = -10+18 = 8
Y= det Y/ det S = 8/-1 = -8
Y= -8

1 1 3 1 1 3

Det Z=
| | | |
1
3
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
7
3
4
=
1
3
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
7
3
4
1*1*7= 7
1*3*3= 9
3*1*4= 12
28

3*1*3 = 9
4*3*1 = 12
7*1*1= 7
28

28-28 = 0
Z= det Z/ det S = 0/-1 = 0
Z= 0

4. Dado el sistema
{x+2y−z=8¿{2x−3y+z=−1¿ ¿
Halle el valor de k para que el sistema no exista.