SCIENTIFIC WRITING AND SPEECH IN ENGLISH

COMPETION AT FMIPA FACULTY LEVEL

BLUE BABY SYNDROME DUE TO WATER POLLUTION

NAME : AULIYA RAHMAN

NIM :4183131032

CLASS : BILINGUAL CHEMISTRY 2018

STUDY PROGRAM : S-1 CHEMISTRY EDUCATION

MEDAN STATE UNIVERSITY

THE FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND SCIENE

CHEMICAL EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

2019

PREFACE
 Thanks be to Allah swt who has given me countless blessings including
health benefits and opportunities,so that i can finish my speech entitled “Blue
Baby Syindrome Due To Water Pollution” in order to take part in scientific
writing competitions and speeches in english the level of FMIPA,University
State Of Medan.

I also say thank you very much to anyone who participated in writing
this speech espesially to the lecturers english for chemistry ma’am Nora
Susanti,S.Pd.,Apt.,M.Sc.which guided me in improving my english skills.

Medan,November 15th 2019

Auliya Rahman

TABLE OF CONTENT
Preface..............................................................................................................i

Table Of Content..............................................................................................ii

Chapter I : Introduction....................................................................................3

 Background...........................................................................................3
 Formulation Of The Problems..............................................................3
 Purpose.................................................................................................3

Chapter II : Content Of The Speech.................................................................4

 Content Of The Speech.........................................................................4

Chapter III : Closing.........................................................................................7

 Closing..................................................................................................7

Refferences.......................................................................................................8

CHAPTER I
 INTRODUCTION

Bacground

Water can be contaminated by inorganic components, including various dangerous

heavy metals. These heavy metal components originate from industrial activities. Industrial
activities that involve the use of heavy metals include the textile industry, metal coating, paint
/ ink colors, printing, agrochemicals, etc. Some heavy metals have turned out to be polluting
water, exceeding dangerous limits for life.

Along with increasing population growth, there has also been an increase in efforts to
meet the various needs that follow. So that the more varied human activities too. One of them
is industrial activity. But the growth of this industry has adverse side effects. Because this
small industry generally discharges its waste directly into sewers / bodies of water without
being treated first. This can cause circulating waste contamination because it contains the
highest antioxidant properties.

One result of water pollution is a health problem where babies who consume
contaminated water can cause respiratory distress in infants which results in the appearance
of blue on the baby's body parts known as blue baby syndrome. Therefore humans must be
aware of the importance of protecting the environment.

Formulation Of The Problems

 What is water pollution ?

 What is meant by industrial waste ?
 What is meant by blue baby syndrome?
 What causes blue baby syndrome?
 How to deal with water pollution

Purpose

 To know what is water pollution

 To know what is meant by industrial waste
 To know what is meant by blue baby syndrome
 To know what causes blue baby syndrome
 To know how to deal with water pollution

CHAPTER II
 THE CONTENTS OF THE SPEECH

Blue Baby Syndrome Due to Water Pollution

Human activity is an important factor in determining human welfare. Whatever

positive human activities take care of the environment will have good consequences for
human life and vice versa. At this time, pollution is taking place everywhere at a rapid rate,
which has never happened before. the trend of pollution especially since the Second World
War leads to two things, namely, the disposal of certain chemical compounds which is
increasing mainly due to industrial activities and transportation. Others are due to the use of
various bioxide products and hazardous substances in human activities.

In an effort to make Indonesia one of the strongest countries in the industrial sector
that has not yet been fully mastered, for example in the petrochemical industry and deepening
of industrial structure, the government is focusing on downstreaming in three processing
industry groups, namely the steel, petrochemical and basic chemical industries. The potential
of the national plastic industry is supported by the number of 925 companies which have a
total production of 4.68 million tons per year for various plastic products. Indonesian mining
companies have 27 smelters processing existing mining products until the end of 2018, of
which 17 smelters are processing nickel mining products, 4 iron smelters, the rest are copper,
bauxite and manganese smelters each with 2 smelters, and many more industrial activities in
the textile, food and beverage industries.

In addition to making a large contribution to improving the economy, industrial

activities also have a direct impact on nature, waste disposal from industrial activities that are
not handled properly will pollute the environment. Environmental pollution itself is divided
into three types, namely water pollution, soil pollution, and air pollution.

The definition of water pollution according to the Decree of the State Minister of
Population and the Environment is: the entry or inclusion of living things, substances, energy
and other components in water or changes in the order of water by human activities or by
natural processes, so that the quality of water drops to a certain level that cause the water to
become less or no longer functioning according to its purpose. After World War II there has
been a surprising growth in the industrial world that uses synthetic chemicals. Many of these
chemicals have caused pollution to the aquatic environment. Such as pesticides and
herbicides originating from agricultural or plantation areas and industrial waste discharges to
the surface water. Several studies were conducted on wastewater, In wastewater two groups
of substances are found, namely dissolved substances such as salts and organic molecules,
suspended solids and colloidal substances.

Group of solutes, suspended solids and colloidal substances can be classified as

follows:

1. Solid exhaust material.

 If the solid waste material dissolves in water, the density of the water or the specific
gravity of the liquid will be poor and accompanied by changes in color.
2. Organic waste material
organic waste material will be able to increase the population of microorganisms in
the water so as to allow the development of pathogenic bacteria. Organic chemicals such as
oil, plastics, pesticides, cleaning solutions, detergents and many other dissolved organic
materials used by humans can cause death in fish or aquatic organisms that affect the
reduction in our food sources
3. Inorganic waste material.
Inorganic waste material usually comes from industries that involve the use of metal
elements such as Lead (Pb) Arsenic (Ar), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg), Chrome (Cr),
Nickel (Ni), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), Cobalt (Co). the content of Calcium (Ca) and
Magnesium (Mg) ions in water causes water to be hard and will inhibit the degradation
process.
4. Processed food ingredients.
Processed foodstuffs contain amin group proteins , when it degraded by
microorganisms, it will be break down into volatile and foul-smelling compounds.

The use of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers in agriculture has long been widespread.
This chemical fertilizer can produce high food crop production so that it benefits farmers. But
on the other hand, nitrate and phosphate can pollute rivers, lakes and oceans. When it rains in
the air will form ammonia and nitrogen and then carried rain water into the river, nitrogen
will be compounded with other complex components. High nitrate content in drinking water
can cause circulatory disorders in infants under 3 months of age. This disease is called "blue
baby syndrome" , with a characteristic symptom of blue color in the area around the lips and
in some parts of the body. This is caused by a type of bacteria in the stomach, which converts
nitrates to nitrites (NO2 -). Blood hemoglobin from babies takes nitrites that should be oxygen,
Hemoglobin with certain chemical compounds and pollutants can change the color of the
blood to blue and cause a low supply of oxygen to the tissues body as a result the baby has
failed in breathing. In some cases the World Health Organization noted that there were 160
babies who died as a result of this case. Nitrite poisoning can also cause cancer of the
stomach and respiratory tract in adults.

In dealing with water pollution due to industrial waste can be done by making
stabilization ponds, in this pond the wastewater is treated naturally ie neutralizing pollutants
before being channeled into rivers, then the second is wastewater treatment with wastewater
treatment plants that are systematically structured using anaerobic-aerobic biofilter
combination method consisting of several parts, namely the initial sedimentation tank,
anaerobic biofilter, aerobic biofilter, final deposition and chlorination (disinfectant).

In handling solid or liquid waste, we must pay attention to the ecological principle of
recycle, reuse, reduce, and repair which is commonly called 4R. We as a citizens can also
prevent water pollution by reducing the use of detergents, reducing harmful chemical drugs
such as pesticides, do not dispose of household waste in rivers or lakes and try to plant trees.

"Water Is the Source of Life Without Water

We Are Nothing "

CHAPTER III

CLOSING
 Water pollution has devastating effects on human life such as declining water quality,
damaging health conditions, and reduced food sources etc. Therefore we as subjects who are
directly affected by these impacts must care to protect the environment, prevent and
overcome water pollution. therefore I made a speech entitled Blue Baby Syndrome as a result
of water pollution to give understanding to us in the importance of protecting nature so that
this case does not happen again, and I hope the contents of this speech can be useful for all of
us.

REFFERENCES
Huang,Sheng.(2017).Pollution Of Hazardous Subtances In Industrial Construction
And Demolition Wastes And Their Multi-Path Risk With An Abandoned Pesticide In
Manufactoring Plant.Journal Of Science And Engineering.China.11(1) : 1

Irianto,I.Ketut.(2015).Buku Bahan Ajar Pencemaran Lingkungan.Universitas

Warmadewa.Bali