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2-2 Study Guide and Intervention

Linear Relations and Functions
Linear Relations and Functions A linear equation has no operations other than addition, subtraction, and
multiplication of a variable by a constant. The variables may not be multiplied together or appear in a denominator. A
linear equation does not contain variables with exponents other than 1. The graph of a linear equation is always a line.
A linear function is a function with ordered pairs that satisfy a linear equation. Any linear function can be written in the
form f(x) = mx + b, where m and b are real numbers.
If an equation is linear, you need only two points that satisfy the equation in order to graph the equation. One way is to
find the x-intercept and the y-intercept and connect these two points with a line.

𝒙
Example 1: Is f(x) = 0.2 – 𝟓 a linear function? Explain.
1
Yes; it is a linear function because it can be written in the form f(x) = – 5x + 0.2.

Example 2: Is 2x + xy – 3y = 0 a linear function? Explain.

No; it is not a linear function because the variables x and y are multiplied together in the middle term.

Exercises
State whether each function is a linear function. Write yes or no. Explain.
18 𝑥
1. 6y – x = 7 2. 9x = 3. f (x) = 2 –
𝑦 11
Yes; it can be written No; the variable y Yes; it can be written
𝒙 𝟕 𝒙
as y = 𝟔 + 𝟔. appears in the as f(x) = −𝟏𝟏 + 2.
denominator.
𝑥 0.4
4. 2y – – 4 = 0 5. 1.6x – 2.4y = 4 6. 0.2x = 100 –
6 𝑦
Yes; it can be written Yes; it can be written No; the variable y
𝒙 𝟐 𝟓
as y = 𝟏𝟐 + 2. as y = 𝟑x – 𝟑. appears in the
denominator.
4
7. f(x) = 4 – 𝑥 3 8. f(x) = 𝑥 9. 2yx – 3y + 2x = 0
No; the variable x is No; the variable x No; the variables x
being multiplied by appears in the and y are being
itself. denominator. multiplied together.

Chapter 2 11 Glencoe Algebra 2

NAME _____________________________________________ DATE ____________________________ PERIOD _____________

2-2 Study Guide and Intervention (continued)

Linear Relations and Functions

Standard Form The standard form of a linear equation is Ax + By = C, where A, B, and C are integers whose greatest
common factor is 1, A ≥ 0, and A and B are not both 0.

Example 1: Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.

a. y = 8x – 5 b. 14x = –7y + 21
y = 8x – 5 Original equation 14x = –7y + 21 Original equation
–8x + y = –5 Subtract 8x from each side. 14x + 7y = 21 Add 7y to each side.
8x – y = 5 Multiply each side by –1. 2x + y = 3 Divide each side by 7.
So A = 8, B = –1, and C = 5. So A = 2, B = 1, and C = 3.

Example 2: Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of 4x – 5y = 20. Then graph the equation.
The x-intercept is the value of x when y = 0.
4x – 5y = 20 Original equation
4x – 5(0) = 20 Substitute 0 for y.
x=5 Simplify.

So the x-intercept is 5. Similarly, the y-intercept is –4.

Exercises
Write each equation in standard form. Identify A, B, and C.
1. 2x = 4y –1 2. 5y = 2x + 3 3. 3x = –5y + 2
2x – 4y = –1; A = 2, 2x – 5y = –3; A = 2, 3x + 5y = 2; A = 3,
B = –4, C = –1 B = –5, C = –3 B = 5, C = 2
3 2
4. 18y = 24x – 9 5. y = x + 5 6. 6y – 8x + 10 = 0
4 3
8x – 6y = 3; A = 8, 8x – 9y = –60; A = 8, 4x – 3y = 5; A = 4,
B = –6, C = 3 B = –9, C = –60 B = –3, C = 5
7. 0.4x + 3y = 10 8. x = 4y – 7 9. 2y = 3x + 6
2x + 15y = 50; A = 2, x – 4y = –7; A = 1, 3x – 2y = – 6; A = 3,
B = 15, C = 50 B = –4, C = –7 B = –2, C = –6
Find the x-intercept and the y-intercept of the graph of each equation. Then graph the equation using the
intercepts.
10. 2x + 7y = 14 11. 5y – x = 10 12. 2.5x – 5y + 7.5 = 0

x-int: 7; y-int: 2 x-int: –10; y-int: 2 x-int: –3; y-int: 1.5

Chapter 2 12 Glencoe Algebra 2