Subject: EC370 Digital Image Processing

Module - 1
1. State and explain 2D sampling theorem. Explain how aliasing error can 7
be eliminated?
2. Define the terms brightness, contrast, hue and saturation with respect to 4
a digital image
3. Explain the terms false contouring and mach band effect 4

4. Perform KL transform on the following matrix x=[4 -2; -1 3] 8

5. What is a pixel? Define digital image in detail 6

6. What are the steps involved in DIP? List the categories of digital 8
storage.
7. What are the types of light receptors? How cones and rods are 7
distributed in retina?
8. What are hue and saturation? 3

9. Define – Sampling and Quantization 3

10. Write the expression for finding the number of bits required to store a 6
digital image
11. Explain with neat diagram,the elements of visual perception 8

12. Explain the various basic relationships between pixels 8

13. What is the need for image transform? Explain 4

Module-2
1. State and prove convolution property of 2D DFT 7

2. Compute the 2D DFT of matrix x=[4 6;3 4] 7

3. Find DCT of sequence x(n)={11,22,33,44} 4

4. Explain the energy compaction property of DCT 4

5. List the properties of 2D Fourier transform 4

6. List the properties of forward transformation kernel 4

7. KLT is an optimum transform - Justify 6

VAST-TC Prepared By:- Muhammed Anshad PY, Asst Prof. ECE Page 1
 8. What is separable image transform? 3

9. List the properties of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) 6

10. What is the need for a transform? What are the applications? 4

11. List the properties of two-dimensional DFT. 6

12. What is image translation and scaling? 4

13. Define Walsh Transform and write its properties 3

14. Explain the following terms: 8

(i) Adjacency (ii) Connectivity (iii) Regions (iv) Boundaries
15. Explain the following two properties of 2D-DFT: 8
i) Convolution ii) Correlation
16. Find the Haar transformation matrix for N = 8 9

Module-3
1. What is meant by histogram equalization of image? Explain how 7
histogram equalization can be performed on a given grey scale image
with necessary mathematical details
2. Distinguish image enhancement and image restoration. Give an example 4
for each .
3. What are the steps involved in homomorphic filtering 4

4. Distinguish between smoothing and sharpening filters. Give the 8

appropriate masks for any one smoothing and sharpening filters.
5. How an RGB model is represented using HSI format? Describe the 8
transformation
6. Explain the principle of sampling and quantization. Discuss the effect of 10
increasing the
a) Sampling frequency
b) Quantization levels on image
7. Explain the different transforms in DIP and explain any one in detail. 9

8. Explain the following separable transforms 12

a) Hadamard transform
b) DCT transform
c) Karhunen - Loeve transform
9. State the principle of directional smoothing 8

10. Define – Geometric Mean Filtering 8

VAST-TC Prepared By:- Muhammed Anshad PY, Asst Prof. ECE Page 2
 11. Explain the basic concepts of sampling and quantization in the 7
generation of digital image
12. What are the advantages of filtering in frequency domain 4

13. Describe about histogram processing in color images 7

Module-4
1. Explain image restoration mechanism using Weiner filter 7

2. Explain how a degraded image can be restored using an inverse filter. 7

Explain its limitations
3. Explain any two geometric transformations on an image 4

4. Explain how low pass filtering can be performed using frequency 6

domain method
5. What is meant by masking? How it can be used in image processing? 8

6. How a monochrome image enhanced by histogram equalization? 5

7. Explain histogram processing in detail 6

8. Explain homomorphic filtering in detail 6

9. How are image subtraction and image averaging is used to enhance the 8
image?

Module-5
1. Explain the method of global thresholding for image segmentation 6

2. What is Laplacian of an image? Derive an appropriate mask for the 5

Laplacian operator. Explain how Laplacian can be used for detecting
edges in an image?
3. Explain the active contour algorithm for image segmentation 8

4. Explain hoe lines can be detected using hough transform 7

5. Explain colour image enhancement in detail 6

6. Explain Geometric Transformation in detail 8

7. Write the condition to be met by the partitions in region based 8

segmentation
8. What are the two approaches for blind image restoration? 9

VAST-TC Prepared By:- Muhammed Anshad PY, Asst Prof. ECE Page 3
 9. What is segmentation? List the applications of segmentation 6

10. What is the condition to be met by the partitions in region based 8

segmentation?
11. What is meant by image segmentation? Write its use in image 4
processing

Module-6
1. Compare the image compression standards JPEG and MPEG 7

2. Explain the use of wavelet transforms in image compression 7

3. Illustrate Huffman coding with an example 6

4. Explain global processing using Hough Transform 6

5. What are the coding systems in JPEG? 4

6. How shift codes are generated in an image processing platform? 6

7. Write the Hadamard transform matrix Hn for n=3. 8

8. Explain the need for image compression. How run length encoding 10
approach is used for compression?
9. Differentiate lossless compression from lossy compression and explain 8
transform coding system.
10. Explain the lossy compression wavelet coding 6

11. What is image compression? Why it is needed? Explain. 6

12. Write a short note on Wavelet Transforms 7

VAST-TC Prepared By:- Muhammed Anshad PY, Asst Prof. ECE Page 4