SURFACE AREA & VOLUMES

2368
CONTENTS  x2 = = 16
148
 Cuboid and x = 16  4

 Cube  length = 6x cm = 6 × 4 cm = 24 cm,

breadth = 4x cm = 4 × 4 cm = 16 cm and
 Cylinder height = 5x cm = 5 × 4 cm = 20 cm
 Cone Ex.2 A plastic box 1.5 m long, 1.25 m wide and 65
cm deep is to be made. It is to be open at the
 Sphere & Hemisphere top. Ignoring the thickness of the plastic
sheet, determine :

(i) The area of the sheet required for making
  CUBOID the box.
Let length (), breadth (b) and height (h). (ii) The cost of sheet for it, if a sheet
measuring 1 m2 costs Rs. 20.
Surface area = 2 (b + bh + h)
Volume = base area × h Sol. Given. length () = 1.5 m, breadth (b) = 1.25
where base area = Breadth × length m
So volume =  × b × h and depth i.e., height (h) = 65 cm = 0.65 m.

Length of its diagonals = 2  b 2  h 2 (i) Since, the box is open it has five faces in
which four faces are the walls forming lateral
and total length of its edges = 4 ( + b + h) surface area and one face is the base.
 The area of the sheet required for making
EXAMPLES  the box.
Ex.1 The length, breadth and height of a cuboid are = Lateral surface area of the box + area of
in the ratio 6 : 4 : 5. If the total surface area of its base
the cuboid is 2368 cm2 ; find its dimension.
= 2( + b) × h +  × b
Sol. Let length () = 6x cm, breadth (b) = 4x cm
and height (h) = 5x cm, = 2(1.5m + 1.25m) × 0.65m + 1.5m × 1.25 m

 Total surface area = 2 × 2.75 m × 0.65 m + 1.875 m2

= 2( × b + b × h × h × ) = 3.575 m2 + 1.875 m2 = 5.45 m2

= 2(6x × 4x + 4x × 5x + 5x × 6x)cm2 (ii) Since, a sheet measuring 1 m2 costs Rs.20

= 2(24x2 + 20x2 + 30x2) cm2  The cost of sheet for the box

=148x2 cm2 = 5.45 × Rs 20 = Rs. 109

Ex.3 The length, breadth and height of a room are
Given : Total surface = 2368 cm2
5m, 4m and 3m respectively. Find the cost of
 148x2 = 2368 white washing the walls of the room and the
ceiling at the rate of Rs. 7.50 per m2.
Sol. Given. = 5m, b = 4m and h = 3m Sol. For each brick,  = 22.5 cm, b = 10 cm and
h = 7.5 cm.
Since, the area of the walls of the room
Surface area of each brick
= its lateral surface area = 2( + b) × h
= 2 ( × b + b × h + h × )
And, the area of the ceiling of the room
= 2 (22.5 × 10 + 10 × 7.5 + 7.5 × 22.5)cm2
=×b
= 2 (225 × 75 + 168.75) cm2 = 937.5 cm2
 Total area to be white washed
Since, the paint in the container is sufficient
= Area of the walls + area of the ceiling to paint an area.
= 2( + b) × h +  × b. = 9.375 m2 = 9.375 × 100 × 100 cm2
= 2(5m + 4m) × 3m + 5m × 4m
[1 m = 100 cm and 1 m2 = 100 × 100 cm2]
= 2 × 9m × 3m + 20m2
= 93750 cm2
= 54m2 + 20m2 = 74m2
 Number of bricks that can be painted
Since, the rate of white washing
Total area which can be painted
= Rs. 7.50 per m2 =
Surface area of the brick
Cost of white washing
93750 cm 2
= 74 × Rs.7.50 = Rs. 555 =  100
937.5 cm
Ex.4 The floor of a rectangular hall has a perimeter
250 m. If the cost of painting the four walls at Ex.6 A small indoor greenhouse (herbarium) is
made entirely of glass panes (including base)
the rate of Rs. 10 per m2 is Rs : 15,000, find
held together with tap. It is 30 cm long, 25 cm
the height of the hall.
wide and 25 cm high. [NCERT]
Sol. We know, the perimeter of a rectangle
(i) What is the area of the glass?
= 2(length + breadth) = 2 ( + b) (ii) How much of tape is needed for all the
And, given the floor of a rectangular hall has 12 edges?
perimeter 250 m Sol. The green house is a cuboid in shape in which
 2( + b) = 250 m  = 30 cm, b = 25 cm and h = 25 cm
Area of the four walls of the hall (i) Area of the glass
= Lateral surface area of the hall = Surface area of cubical green house.
= 2( + b) × h = 250 m × hm = 250 hm2 = 2( × b + b × h + h × )
Since, the rate of painting four walls is = 2(30 × 25 + 25 × 25 + 25 × 30) cm2
Rs. 10 per m2. = 2(750 + 625 + 750)cm2 = 4250 cm2
 Cost of painting 250 hm2 = 250 h × Rs.10 (ii) Length of the tape
According to the given statements : = Length of the 12 edges of the cubical
250 h × Rs. 10 = Rs. 15,000 greenhouse = 4( + b + h)
15,000 = 4(30 + 25 + 25)cm = 320 cm
 h = m =6m
250  10 Ex.7 Shanti sweets stall was placing an order for
making cardboard boxes for packing their
 The height of the hall = 6 m sweets. Two sizes of boxes were required. The
Ex.5 The paint in a certain container is sufficient to bigger of dimensions 25 cm × 20 cm × 5 cm and
paint an area equal to 9.375 m2. How many the smaller of dimensions 15 cm × 12 cm × 5 cm.
bricks of dimension 22.5 cm × 10 cm × 7.5 cm For all the overlaps, 5% of the total surface area
can be painted out of this container. is required extra. If the cost of the cardboard is
Rs. 4 for 1000 cm2, find the cost of cardboard
[NCERT] required for supplying 250 boxes of each kind.
Sol. For each bigger box : Sol. Volume = length × breadth × height 
 = 25 cm, b = 20 cm and h = 5 cm Volume
  (i) height =
 Surface area length  breadth

= 2( × b + b × h + h × ) Volume
(ii) breadth =
length  height
= 2(25 × 20 + 20 × 5 + 5 × 25)cm2
= 2(500 + 100 + 125)cm2 = 1450 cm2 Volume
(iii) height =
length  breadth
For each smaller box :
 = 15 cm, b = 12 cm and h = 5 cm Volume
(i) Height =
length  breadth
 Surface area
= 2( × b + b × h + h × ) 3240 cm 3
= = 12 cm
18 cm  15 cm
= 2(15 × 12 + 12 × 5 + 5 × 15)cm2
= 2(180 + 60 + 75) cm2 = 630 cm2 Volume
(ii) Breadth =
length  height
Total surface area of 250 boxes of each kind
= 250 × 1450 cm2 + 250 × 630 cm2 3240 cm 3
= = 13.5 cm
24 cm  10 cm
= 362500 cm2 + 157500 cm2
= 520000 cm2 Volume
(iii) Length =
breadth  height
Cardboard required for overlaps
= 5% of 520000 cm2 3240 cm 3
= = 18 cm
9 cm  20 cm
5
=  52000cm 2 = 26000 cm2
100 Ex.9 A matchbox measures 6 cm × 4 cm × 2.5 cm.
What will be the volume of a packet
 Total area of the cardboard used containing 24 such boxes ?
= 520000 cm2 + 26000 cm2 Sol. The shape of a matchbox is a cuboid
= 546000 cm2  Volume of 1 matchboxes
Given, cost of 1000 cm2 of cardboard = Rs.4 = its length × breadth × height
4 = 6 × 4 × 2.5 cm2 = 60 cm3
  cost of 1 cm2 of cardboard = Rs.
1000
 Volume of a packet containing 24 such boxes
  cost of 546000 cm2 of cardboard = Volume of 24 matchboxes
4 = 24 × 60 cm3 = 1440 cm3
= Rs. × 546000 = Rs. 2184
1000
Ex.10 A cuboidal water tank is 6 m long, 5 m wide
Ex.8 The volume of a cubical solid is 3240 cm3, and 4.5 m deep. How many liters of water can
find, its it hold? (1 m2 = 1000 )
(i) height, if length =18 cm and breadth Sol. Volume of water which tank can hold
= 15cm
= Volume of the tank
(ii) breadth, if length =24 cm and height
= 10cm = Its length × width × height

(iii) length, if breadth = 9cm and height = 6 m × 5 m × 4.5 m = 135 m3

= 20cm = 135 × 1000 = 135000 
Ex.11 Find the cost of digging a cuboidal pit 10 m 25m
long, 7.5 m broad and 80 cm deep at the rate =  20
1.25m
of Rs. 16 per m3.
No. of crates along the height
Sol. Given :
10m
Length of the pit = 10 m, breadth = 7.5 m and =  20
0 .5 m
depth = 80 cm = 0.8 m
  Volume of cuboidal pit   The largest no. of crates which can be
stored in the godown
= Its length × breadth × depth (or height)
= 26 × 20 × 20
= 10 m × 7.5 m × 0.8 m = 60 m3
= 10400
Rate of digging the pit = Rs. 16 per m3
Ex.13 The capacity of a cuboidal tank is 50000 liters
  Cost of digging 60 × Rs. 16 = Rs. 960 of water. Find the breadth of the tank, if its
length and depth are respectively 2.5 m and
Ex.12 Wooden crates each measuring 1.5 m × 1.25 10 m.
m × 0.5 m are to be stores in a godown. Find
the largest number of wooden crates which Sol. The capacity of cuboidal tank is 50000 liters
can be stores in a godown measuring : of water.
(i) 45 m × 25 m × 10m.   Volume of the tank = 50000 liters
(ii) 40 m × 25 m × 10m 50000 3
= m [ 1 m3 = 1000 liters]
Sol. (i) Since, the length of godown is 45 m and the 1000
length of a crate is 1.5 m = 50 m3
  The largest no. of crates that can stores   Length of the tank × its breadth × its
along the length of the godown height = 50 m3
45m  2.5 m × breadth × 10 m = 50 m3
=  30
1.5m
50
Similarly, the largest no. of crates stores   Breadth = m  2m
2.5  10
along the width of the godown
25m   CUBE
=  20
1.25m Let length of each side is ‘a’ then
And, the largest no. of crates stored along the Surface area = 6 a2
length of the godown Volume = a3
Lateral surface area = 4 a2
10m
=  20 Length of its diagonals = a 3
0 .5 m
Total length of its edges = 12 a
  The largest no. of crates which can be    

stored in the godown EXAMPLES  

= 30 × 20 × 20
Ex.14 If each edge (side) of a cube is 8 cm ; find its
= 12000 surface area and lateral surface area.
(ii) No. of crates along the length Sol. Given each side of the cube (a) = 8 cm
40m 2   Its surface area = 6a2 = 6 × 82 sq. cm
=  26 = 26
1.5m 3 = 6 × 64 cm2 = 384 cm2
[NO. of crates can not be in fraction] Lateral surface area = 4a2 = 4 × 82 sq. cm
No. of crates along the width
= 4 × 64 cm2 = 256 cm2
Ex.15 A cubical box has each edge 10 cm and = Vol. of given cube = 1728 cm3
another cuboidal box is 12.5 cm long, 10 cm
wide and 8 cm high. [NCERT]   Volume of each small cube

(i) Which box has the greater lateral surface 1728 cm 3

= = 216 cm3
area and by how much ? 8
(ii) Which box has the smaller total surface (ii) If edge (side) of each small cube = x cm
area and by how much ?
(edge)3 = Volume 
Sol.(i) For the cubical box :
   x3 = 216 = 6 × 6 × 6 = 63  x = 6 cm
Each edge = 10 cm i.e., a = 10 cm
 Side of each small cube = 6 cm
  Lateral surface area of the cubical box
(iii) Surface area of each small cube
= 4a2 = 4 × 102 cm2 = 400 cm2
= 6 × (edge)2
For the cuboidal box : 
= 6 × (6 cm)2 = 216 cm2
    = 12.5 cm, b = 10 cm & h = 8 cm
Ex.17 A river 3 m deep and 40 m wide is flowing at
  Lateral surface area of the cuboidal box the rate of 2 km per hour. How much water
= 2( + b) × h will fall into the sea in a minute ? [NCERT]
Sol. Volume of water that flows through a river,
= 2(12.5 + 10) × 8 cm2
canal or pipe, etc., in unit time
= 2 × 22.5 × 8 cm2 = 360 cm2
= Area of cross-section × Speed of water
Clearly, cubical box has greater lateral through it.
surface area by
5
x km/hr = x × m/s .
400 cm2 – 360 cm2 = 40 cm2 18
(ii) Total surface area of the cubical box: 1000m 5
Reason : 1 km/hr =  m/s
= 6 a2 = 6 × 102 sq. cm = 600 cm2 60  60 sec 18
Total surface area of the cuboidal box Since, area of cross-section of the river
= 2( × b + b × h + h × ) = Its depth × its width
= 2(12.5 × 10 +10 × 8 + 8 × 12.5) cm2 = 3m × 40m = 120 m2
= 2(125 + 80 + 100) cm2 = 610 cm2
And, speed of flow of water through the river
Clearly, cubical box has smaller surface area by
5 5
610 cm2 – 600 cm2 = 10 cm2 = 2 km/hr = 2 × m/s  m/s
18 9
Ex.16 Find the volume of a solid cube of side 12 cm. Vol. of water that flows through it in 1 sec.
If this cube is cut into 8 identical cubes, find :
= Area of cross-section × speed of water
(i) Volume of each small cube. through it.
(ii) Side of each small cube.
5 3 200 3
= 120 × m  m
(iii) Surface area of each small cube. 9 3
Sol. Since, side (edge) of the given solid cube = 12 cm.   Vol. of water that flows through it in
 Volume of given solid cube = (edge)3 1 min. (60 sec.)

= (12 cm)3 = 1728 cm3 Ans. 200

=  60 m 3 = 4000 m3
3
(i) As the given cube is cut into 8 identical
cubes.   Vol. of water that will fall into the sea in
a minute. = 4000 m3
  Vol. of 8 small cubes obtained
Ex.18 The volume of a cube is numerically equal to (ii) The cost of plastering
its surface area. Find the length of its one
side. = Area to be plastered × Rate

Sol. Let length of each side is  unit. = 66 × Rs. 35 = Rs. 2,310

Given: Volume of the cube = Surface area of Ex.21 In a hot water heating system there is a
the cube. [Numerically] cylindrical pipe of length 28 m and diameter
5 cm. Find the total radiating surface in the
 a3 = 6a2   a = 6 system. [NCERT]
 The length of one side of the cube = 6 cm Sol. Given : Length of the cylindrical pipe = 28 m
Ex.19 A solid cuboid has square base and height i.e., h = 2800 cm and,
12 cm. If its volume is 768 cm3, find : 1 1
its radius = × diameter = × 5 cm = 2.5 cm.
(i) side of its square base. 2 2
(ii) surface area.   The total radiating surface in the system
Sol.(i) Let side of the square base be x cm = curved surface area of the pipe
i.e.,  = b = x cm 22
= 2rh = 2 × × 2.5 × 2800 cm2
  × b × h = volume 7
  x × x × 12 = 768 = 44000 cm2
[Given, height = 12 cm] It is not clear from the question that how the
768 cylindrical pipe is used. We can take the
  x2 =  64 x = 64 cm = 8 cm. radiating surface of the system
12
= Total surface area of the pipe
  Side of the square base = 8 cm
22
(ii) Now,  = 8 cm, b = 8 cm and h = 12 cm = 2r (r + h) = 2 ×  2.5 (2.5 + 2800) cm2
7
Surface area = 2( × b + b × h + h × )
= 44039.29 cm2
= 2(8 × 8 + 8 × 12 + 12 × 8) cm2 = 512 cm2
Ex.22 Find :
 RIGHT CIRCULAR CYLINDER
(i) the lateral or curved surface area of a
Let radius of the base = r and height = h cylindrical patrol storage tank that is 4.2
m in diameter and 4.5 m high.
Curved surface area = 2rh
Total surface area = 2r(h + r) 1
(ii) how much steel was actually used if
22 12
Volume = r2h where,  = or 3.14 of the steel actually used was wasted in
7 making the closed tank. [NCERT]

EXAMPLES  4.2
Sol. (i) Given : r = m = 2.1 m and h = 4.5 m
2
Ex.20 The inner diameter of a circular well in 2 m
and its depth is 10.5 m. Find :   Curved surface area of the tank
(i) the inner curved surface area of the well. 22
= 2rh = 2 ×  2.1 × 4.5 m2 = 59.4 m2
(ii) the cost of plastering this curved surface 7
area at the rate of Rs. 35 per m2. (ii) Let the steel actually used be x m2
1 1 11
Sol. Given : Radius =  2 m = 1m i.e., r = 1 m   x – x = 59.4   x = 59.4
2 12 12
and depth = 10.5 m i.e., h = 10.5 m
12
(i) The inner curved surface area of the well  x = 59.4 × = 64.8 m2
11
22
= 2rh = 2 × 1 10.5 m2 = 66 m2   Actual amount of steel used = 64.8 m2
7
Ex.23 The figure, given alongside, shows the frame Ex.25 A soft drink is available in two packs of
of a lampshade. It is to be covered with a different shapes : (i) a tin can with a
decorative cloth. The frame has a base rectangular base of length 5 cm and width 4
diameter of 20 cm and height of 30 cm. A cm, having a height of 15 cm and (ii) a plastic
margin of 2.5 cm is to be given for folding it cylinder with circular base of diameter 7 cm
over the top and bottom of the frame . Find and height 10 cm. Which container has
how much cloth is required for covering the greater capacity and by how much?
lampshade. [NCERT]
[NCERT]
Sol. (i) Volume of soft drink in the tin can
= Volume of the tin can
= Its length × breadth × height
= 5 cm × 4 cm × 15 cm = 300 cm3
Sol. Given : The height of the lampshade = 30 cm. (ii) Volume of soft drink in the plastic cylinder
 A margin of 2.5 cm is required for 22 7 7
folding its over and bottom of the frame ; the = r2h =   10 cm
7 2 2
resulting height of the cloth required in the
shape of the cylinder = (30 + 2.5 + 2.5) cm diameter 7
[r =  cm ]
= 35 cm. 2 2
 For the cloth, which must be in the = 385 cm3
shape of a cylinder with height 35 cm and
20
Clearly, plastic container has greater capacity by
radius cm = 10 cm.
2 385 cm3 – 300 cm3 = 85 cm3
i.e., h = 35 cm and r = 10 cm. Ex.26 The circumference of the base of a cylindrical
vessel is 132 cm and its height is 25 cm. How
Area of the cloth required for covering the
many liters of water can it hold? (1000 cm3 = 1)
lampshade.
Sol. Let the radius of the base of the cylindrical
22 vessel be r cm.
= 2rh = 2 × × 10 × 35 cm2
7
  2r = 132 [circumference = 2r]
= 2200 cm2 .
22
Ex.24 The total surface area and the curved surface  2×  r  132 
7
area of a cylinder are in the ratio 5 : 3. Find
the ratio between its height and its diameter.- 132  7
  r = cm  21 cm
Height h h 2  22
Sol. Required =  
Diameter d 2r Now, radius (r) = 21 cm and height (h) = 25 cm
According to the given statement :   Volume of the cylindrical vessel = r2h
2r (h  r ) 5 hr 5 22
    =  21 × 21× 25 cm2 = 34560 cm3
2rh 3 h 3 7
  5h = 3h + 3r   Vol. of water which this vessel can hold
i.e., 2h = 3r   = Volume of the vessel = 34560 cm3
h 3 34560
     =  [1000 cm3 = 1]
r 2 1000

and
h

3 3
 =3:4
= 34.650 
2r 2  2 4
Ex.27 A patient in a hospital is given soup daily in a (i) outer curved surface area
cylindrical bowl of diameter 7 cm. If the bowl
(ii) inner curved surface area
is filled with soup to a height of 4 cm, how
much soup the hospital has to prepare daily to (iii) area of cross-section
serve 250 patients? [NCERT]
(iv) total surface area.
Sol. Radius of cylindrical bowl
R
7
= cm i.e.,
2
7 h
r = cm
2
and the height of the soup in a bowl h = 4 cm
 Volume of soup required for 1 patient r

22 7 7 Sol. The height of the cylinder h = 35 cm

= r2h =    4 cm 3 = 154 cm3.
7 2 2 8
The internal radius r = cm = 4 cm
 Volume of soup required for 250 patients. 2

= 250 × 154 cm3 = 38500 cm3 8.8

The external radius R = cm = 4.4 cm
2
Ex.28 If the lateral surface of a cylinder is 94.2 cm2
and its height is 5 cm, then find: (i) Outer curved surface area = 2Rh
(i) radius of its base 22
=2×  4.4  35cm 2 = 968 cm2
7
(ii) its volume. (Use  = 3.14)
Sol. Given. 2rh = 94.2 cm2 and h = 5 cm (ii) Inner curved surface area = 2rh

(i) 2rh = 94.2 cm2  22

=2×  4  35cm 2 = 880 cm2
7
   2 × 3.14 × r × 5 = 94.2
(iii) The cross-section of a hollow cylinder is like
94.2 a ring with external radius R = 4.4 cm and
  r = cm = 3 cm .
2  3.14  5 internal radius r = 4 cm.
(ii) Its volume = r2h
= 3.14 × 3 × 3 × 5 cm2 r
= 141.3 cm3
 R
  HOLLOW CYLINDER
Let external radius = R, Internal radius = r,
height = h. Then,  Area of cross-section = R2 – r2
Outer curved surface area = 2Rh
22
Inner curved surface area = 2rh =(R2 – r2) = (4.4 2 – 4 2 ) cm 2
Area of cross section = R2 – r2 7
Total surface area = 2Rh + 2rh + 2(R2 – r2) 22
Volume = (R2 – r2)h = (4.4  4) (4.4  4) cm 2
7
22
EXAMPLES  =  8.4  0.4 cm 2
7
Ex.29 A hollow cylinder is 35 cm in length (height). = 10.56 cm2
Its internal and external diameters are 8 cm
and 8.8 cm respectively. Find its :
Ex.30 Find the total surface area of a hollow
cylindrical pipe of length 50 cm, external
diameter 12 cm and internal diameter 9 cm.-
r
h = 3.432 kg
R
Sol. Given : Height (h) = 50 cm, external radius
(R) = 6 cm and internal radius (r) = 4.5 cm
 Total surface area of the hollow cylinder
= External C.S.A + Internal C.S.A
+ 2 × Area of cross-section
= 2Rh + 2rh + 2 (R2 – r2)
= 2(R + r)h + 2(R + r) (R – r)
Since, mass of 1 cm3 of wood = 0.6 gm
  Mass of 5720 cm3 of wood = 0.6 × 5720 gm
= 3432 gm
 Mass of the pipe = mass of wood
= 3432 gm
Ex.32 A lead pencil consists of a cylinder of wood
with a solid cylinder of graphite filled in the
interior. The diameter of the pencil is 7 mm
and the diameter of the graphite is 1 mm. If
the length of the pencil is 14 cm, find the
volume of the wood and that of the graphite.
[NCERT]
Sol. Clearly, for wooden part, which is the form of
a hollow cylinder :
7
External radius (R) = mm = 3.5 mm
2

22 = 0.35 cm
=2× × (6 + 4.5) × 50
7 1
Internal radius (r) = mm = 0.5 mm
22 2
+2× × (6 + 4.5) (6 – 4.5) cm2
7 = 0.05 cm
44 44 And, height (length) = 14 cm.
= 10.5 × 50 + 10.5  1.5cm 2
7 7 7mm
= 3300 cm2 + 99 cm2 = 3399 cm2 Wood
Ex.31 The inner diameter of a cylindrical wooden
7mm

pipe is 24 cm and its outer diameter is 28 cm. Graphite

The length of the pipe is 35 cm. Find the
mass of the pipe, if 1 cm3 of wood has a mass
of 0.6 g. 1mm
Sol. Since, inner diameter = 24 cm    Volume of the wood = (R2 – r2)h
24 22
   inner radius (r) = cm = 12 cm = × [(0.35)2 – (0.05)2] × 14 cm3
2 7
Since, outer diameter = 28 cm  22
= × 0.12 × 14 cm3 = 5.28 cm3
28 7
   outer radius (R) = cm = 14 cm
2 And, volume of graphite = r2h
Also, given that height (h) = 35 cm 22
= × (0.05)2 × 14 cm3
  Volume of wood in the pipe = (R2 – r2)h 7

22 = 0.11 cm3
= (142 –122) × 35 cm3 = 5720 cm3
7
Ex.33 The internal radius of a hollow cylinder is 8 area and the total surface area of the cone.
cm and thickness of its wall is 2 cm. Find the (Take  = 3.14).
volume of material in the cylinder, if its
Sol. Given : h = 48 cm and r = 36 cm.
length is 42 cm.
 2 = h2 + r2 
Sol. Since, internal radius = 8 cm  r = 8 cm,
thickness of the wall of the cylinder = 2 cm.    2 = 482 + 362 = 2304 + 1296 = 3600

 Its external radius = 8 cm + 2 cm = 10 cm   = 3600 cm = 60 cm

i.e., R = 10 cm.
  The curved surface area = r
Also, length (height) of the cylinder = 42 cm
i.e., h = 42 cm. = 3.14 × 36 × 60 cm2 = 6782.4 cm2

 Volume of material in the hollow cylinder. And, the total surface area of the cone

= (R2 –r2)h = r+ r2 = r ( + r)

22
= 3.14 × 36 × (60 + 36)cm2
= [(10)2 – (8)2] × 42 cm3
7 = 10851.84 cm2 .
22 Ex.36 Curved surface area of a cone is 2200 cm2.
= × 36 × 42 cm3 = 4752 cm3
7 It its slant height is 50 cm, find :
Ex.34 The radii of two right circular cylinders are in (i) radius of the base.
the ratio 3 : 4 and their heights are in the ratio
6 : 5. Find the ratio between their curved (ii) total surface area.
(lateral) surface areas. (iii) height of the cone.
Sol. If the radii of two cylinders be r1 and r2, Sol. (i) Given : r = 2200 cm2 and  = 50 cm
let r1 = 3x and r2 = 4x.
22
   r  50 = 2200
Similarly, if the heights of two cylinders be 7
h1 and h2, let h1 = 6y and h2 = 5y.
2200  7
i.e., r = cm = 14 cm
Ratio between their C.S.A. 22  50
2r1h1 2   3x  6 y 9 (ii) Total surface area = r ( + r)
= = 
2r2 h 2 2  4 x  5y 10
22
= cm 14 × (50 + 14) cm2
= 9 : 10 7
= 2816 cm2


  RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE Ans.

Let , h and r are the slant height, height (iii) 2 = h2 + r2  h2 = 2 – r2

and radius of a cone then = 502 – 142 = 2500 – 196 = 2304
2 = h2 + r2
 h = 2304 cm = 48 cm
Area of base = r2
Curved (lateral) surface area = r Ex.37 A conical tent is 10 m high and radius of its
Total surface area = r ( + r) base is 24 m. Find [NCERT]
1 (i) slant height of the tent.
Volume = r 2 h .
3 (ii) cost of the canvas required to make the


tent, if the cost of 1 m2 canvas is Rs. 70.
EXAMPLES 
Sol. (i) Given : h = 10 m and r = 24 m
Ex.35 The height of a cone is 48 cm and the radius  2 = h2 + r2
of its base is 36 cm. Find the curved surface

     2 = 102 + 242 = 100 + 576 = 676
  = 676 m = 26 m
(ii) Area of canvas required
= Curved surface area of the tent
22 13728 2
= r=  24  26m = m
7 7
   Cost of 1 m2 canvas is Rs. 70
 Total cost of canvas required
13728
=  Rs.70 = Rs. 1,37,280
7
Ex.38 What length of tarpaulin 3 m wide will be
required to make conical tent of height 8 m
and base radius 6m? Assume that the extra
length of material that will be required for
stitching margins and wastage in cutting is
approximately 20 cm (Use  = 3.14).
[NCERT]
Sol. For the tent : h = 8 m and r = 6 m
2 = h2 + r2    2 = 82 + 62
= 64 + 36 = 100 and = 100 m = 10m
Curved surface area of the tent = r
= 3.14 × 6 × 10 m2 = 188.4 m2
 Area of tarpaulin used = 188.4 m2
 Length of tarpaulin × its width = 188.4 m2
 Length of tarpaulin × 3 m = 188.4 m2
188.4
Length of tarpaulin = m  62.8m
3
 Extra length of tarpaulin required
= 20 cm = 0.2 m
  Total length of tarpaulin required
= 62.8 m + 0.2 m = 63 m
Ex.39 A bus stop is barricaded from the remaining
part of the road, by using 50 hollow cones
made of recycled cardboard. Each cone has a
base diameter of 40 cm and height 1 m. If the
outer side of each of the cones is to be painted
and the cost of painting is Rs. 12 per m2, what
will be the cost of painting all these cones?
(Use = 3.14 and take 1.04 = 1.02)
[NCERT]
Sol. For each cone :
40
r= cm = 20 cm = 0.2 m and h = 1 m
2
 2 = h2 + r2 2 = (1)2 + (0.2)2
= 1 + 0.04 = 1.04
   = 1.04 m = 1.02 m
C.S.A of each cone = r
= 3.14 × 0.2 × 1.02 m2 = 0.64056 m2
 C.S.A of 50 cones = 50 × 0.64056 m2
= 30.028 m2 = Area to be painted
 The cost of painting is Rs. 12 per m2
  The total cost of painting outer sides of 50 cones
= 30.028 × Rs. 12 = Rs. 384.34
Ex.40 The radius and the slant height of a cone are
in the ratio 3 : 5. If its curved surface area is
2310 cm2, find its height.
Sol. Given : r : = 3 : 5 
   if r = 3x cm,  = 5x cm
22
C.S.A. = r   3x × 5x = 2310
7
2310  7
  x2 =  49 x = 7
22  3  5
  r = 3x = 3 × 7 cm = 21 cm
and  = 5x = 5 × 7 cm = 35 cm,
2 = h2 + r2 h2 = 352 –212
= 1225 – 441 = 784
  Height (h) = 784cm = 28 cm
Ex.41 A circus tent is in the shape of a cylinder,
upto a height of 8 m, surmounted by a cone of
the same radius 28 m. If the total height of the
tent is 13 m, find:
(i) total inner curved surface area of the tent.
(ii) cost of painting its inner surface at the
rate of Rs. 3.50 per m2.
Sol. According to the given statement, the rough
sketch of the circus tent will be as shown:
(i) For the cylindrical portion :
r = 28 and h = 8 m
  Curved surface area = 2rh 1
 area of base × height = volume
22 3
=2× × 28 × 8 m2 = 1408 m2
7 1
  area of base × 30 = 3140
3
3140 3 2
  Area of base = cm
13m 30
= 314 cm2
8m
Ex.43 A right triangle ABC has sides 5 cm, 12 cm
and 13 cm. Find the : [NCERT]
28m (i) volume of solid obtained by revolving 
 ABC about the side 12 cm.
For conical portion :
(ii) volume of solid obtained by revolving
r = 28 m and h = 13 m – 8 m = 5 m
ABC about side 5 cm.
 2 = h2 + r2 2 = 52 + 282 = 809 (iii) difference between the volumes of the
  = 809 m = 28.4 m solids obtained in step (i) and step (ii).
Sol.  52 + 122 = 132 Angle opp. to 13 cm is
 Curved surface area = r
right angle
22
=  28 × 28.4 m2 = 2499.2 m2 (i) When the  is revolved about the side of
7 12 cm, for the cone formed :
 Total inner curved surface area of the h = 12 cm and r = 5.
tent.
= C.S.A. of cylindrical portion + C.S.A. of 13m

12m
the conical portion
1408 m2 + 2499.2 m2 = 3907.2 m2
(ii) Cost of painting the inner surface 5cm
= 3907.2 × Rs. 3.50 = Rs. 13675.20
1 2
Ex.42 The height of a cone is 30 cm and its volume  Volume of solid obtained = r h
3
is 3140 cm3. Taking  = 3.14, find :
1 22
(i) radius of the base. = × × 5 × 5 × 12 cm3
3 7
(ii) area of the base.
= 314.29 cm3
Sol. (i) Given : h = 30 cm and volume = 3140 cm3
(ii) When the  is revolved about the side of 5
1 cm, for the cone formed :
Volume = r 2 h 
3
h = 5 cm, and r = 12 cm.
1 1 2
   3140 =  3.14 × r2 × 30  Volume of solid obtained = r h
3 3
3140  3 1 22
 r2 =  100 and r = 10cm =   12 × 12 × 5 cm3 = 754.29 cm3
3.14  30 3 7
(ii) Area of the base = r2 (iii) Required difference
= 3.14 × 102 cm2 = 314 cm2 = 754.29 cm3 – 314.29 cm3 = 440 cm3
Alternative Method : Ex.44 The volume of a right circular cone is 9856
cm3. If the diameter of the base is 28 cm, find:
 (i) height of the cone. volume of cone. Find the ratio between their
(ii) slant height of the cone heights.

(iii) curved surface area of the cone. Sol. Since, the base areas of the cylinder and the
cone are the same.
Sol. Given : volume of cone = 9856 cm3
 their radius are equal (same).
28
and radius (r) = cm = 14cm Let the radius of their base be r and their
2
heights be h1 and h2 respectively.
1 1 22
(i) Volume = r2h  9856 =  × 14 × 14 × h Clearly, volume of the cylinder = r2h1
3 3 2
9856  3  7 1 2
  h = cm = 48 cm and, volume of the cone = r h2
22 14 14 3

(ii) 2 = h2 + r2  2 = 482 + 142 Given :

= 2304 + 196 = 2500 Volume of cylinder = 2 × volume of cone

 = 2500 cm = 50 cm 1 2
 r2h1 = 2 × r h2
3
 Slant height = 50 cm
2
(iii) Curved surface area = r   h1 = h2
3
22
= 14 × 50 cm2 = 2200 cm2 h1 2
7   
h2 3
Ex.45 A heap of wheat is in the form of a cone
whose diameter is 10.5 m and height is 3 m. i.e., h1 : h2 = 2 : 3
Find its volume. The heap is to be covered by 

canvas to protect it from rain. Find the area of  SPHERE & HEMISPHERE
the canvas required.
Let radius of sphere = r
Sol. For the conical heap : Surface area = 4r2
10.5 Curved surface area of a hemisphere = 2r2
Radius (r) = m = 5.25 m
2 Total surface area of a hemisphere = 3r2
and height (h) = 3m. 4
Volume of the sphere = r 3
3
1 2
  Volume = r h 2 3
3 Volume of the hemisphere = r .
3
1 22 

=   5.25 × 3 m3 = 86.625 m3
3 7 EXAMPLES 
Now, 2 = h2 + r2  2 = (3)2 + (5.25)2 Ex.47 Find the total surface area of the hemisphere
= 9 + 27.5625 = 36.5625 of radius 20 cm. (Take  = 3.14).

  = 36.5625 m = 6.047 m Sol. Total surface area of the hemisphere

  Area of canvas required = 3r2

= curved surface area of the conical heap = 3 × 3.14 × (20)2 cm2

22 [Given : r = 20 cm]
= r=  5.25  6.047m 2 = 99.7755 m2
7 = 3768 cm2
Ex.48 The area of the flat surface of a hemisphere is
Ex.46 A cylinder and a cone have same base area. 154 cm2. Find its total surface area.
But the volume of cylinder is twice the
Sol. Given : r2 = 154
 22 2 Ex.51 A right circular cylinder just encloses a
 r  154 sphere of radius r (see the given figure.).
7
Find: [NCERT]
7 (i) surface area of the sphere,
  r2 = 154 ×  49
22
(ii) curved surface area of the cylinder,
r = 7 cm (iii) ratio of the areas obtained in (i) and (ii).
 Its total surface are = 3r2
22
=3×  7  7cm 2  462 cm 2
7
Alternative method :
Total surface area of the hemisphere = 3r2
= 3 × 154 cm2 [Given : r2 = 154]
Sol. (i) Surface area of the sphere = 4r2
= 462 cm2
(ii) Since, the height of the cylinder = diameter of
Ex.49 The radius of a spherical balloon increases the sphere
from 10 cm to 15 cm as air is being pumped  h = 2r  C.S.A. of the cylinder
into it. Find the ratio of surface areas of the
balloon in the two cases. = 2rh = 2r × 2r = 4r2
Sol. Required ratio 4r 2
(iii) Required ratio = =1=1:1
Surface area of the balloon in 1st case 4r 2
=
Surface area of the balloon in 2nd case If a cylinder just encloses a sphere, the
surface area of the sphere is always same as
4r 2 in 1st case 4    10  10 4 the curved surface area of the cylinder.
= = 
4r 2 in 2nd case 4   15  15 9 In other words, if a sphere and a cylinder
have the same radius and same height, there
=4:9 curved surface areas are also equal.
Ex.50 A hemispherical bowl made of brass has Ex.52 Find the formula for the total surface area of
inner diameter 10.5 cm. Find the cost of tin each figure given bellow :
plating it on the inside at the rate of Rs. 16
per 100 cm2. [NCERT]

Sol.  Inner diameter = 10.5 cm  r
(i) (ii) h
10.5
   Inner radius (r) = cm = 5.25 cm
2
The area of tin plating = Inner curved surface
area of the bowl = 2r2

22
=2×  5.25 × 5.25 cm2
7
r
= 173.25 cm2 (iii) (iv)
r h
 Cost of 100 cm2 tin-plating = Rs.16
16
 Cost of 1 cm2 tin-plating =
100
 Cost of 173.25 cm2 tin-plating Sol. (i) Required surface area
16 = C.S.A. of the hemisphere
= Rs.  173.25 = Rs. 27.72
100
 + C.S.A. of the cone 9r 2
9
= 2r2 + r= r (2r + )  4 2  100%  × 100%
4r 16
(ii) Required surface area
= 56.25%
= 2 × C.S.A. of a hemisphere
Alternative Method :
+ C.S.A. of the cylinder
Let original radius = 100
= 2 × 2r2 + 2rh = 2r (2r + h) .
 Original C.S.A. = (100)2 = 10000
(iii) Required surface area
Increased radius = 100 + 25% of 100 = 125
= C.S.A. of the hemisphere
  Increased C.S.A. = (125)2 = 15625
+ C.S.A. of the cylinder + C.S.A. of the cone
Increase in C.S.S. = 15625– 10000
= 2r2 + 2rh + r= r (2r + 2h + )
       = 5625
(iv) If slant height of the given cone be 
 Percentage increase in C.S.A.
= 2 = h2 + r2  
Increase in C.S.A.
=  100%
    = h2  r2 Original C.S.A
And, required surface area
5625
=  100% = 56.25%
= 2r2 + r = r (2r + ) 1000

= r  2r  h 2  r 2  Conversely, if diameter decreases by 20%,

  the radius also decreases by 20%.
Ex.53 The radius of a sphere increases by 25%. Find Ex.54 The diameter of a solid metallic ball is 8.4
the percentage increase in its surface area. cm. Find its mass, if density of its material is
6.8 gm per cm3.
Sol. Let the original radius be r.
Sol. Since, diameter of the ball = 8.4 cm,
 Original surface area of the sphere = 4r2
8.4
Increase radius = r + 25% of r its radius (r) = cm = 4.2 cm
2
25 5r
=r+ r Volume of material in the ball
100 4
4 3
Increased surface area = Volume of the ball = r
3
2
 5r  25r 2 4 22
= 4     =  × 4.2 × 4.2 × 4.2 cm3 = 310.464 cm3
4 4 3 7
Increased in surface area Since, mass = Volume × density
25r 2
 Mass of the ball
= – 4r 2
4 = 310.464 × 6.8 gm
2 2 2
25r  16r 9r = 2111.1552 gm = 2.111 kg (App.)
= 
4 4 Ex.55 The diameter of the moon is approximately
and, percentage increase in surface area one-fourth of the diameter of the earth. What
fraction of the volume of the earth is the
Increase in area volume of the moon ? [NCERT]
  100%
Original aera
Sol. Given : The diameter of the moon
1
  the diameter of the earth
4
  The radius of the moon 2 22
= × × (1013 – 1003) cm3 = 63487.81 cm3
1 3 7
=  the radius of the earth.
4 Ex.58 A dome of a building is in the form of a
hemisphere. From inside, it was white-
1
 Rm   Re washed at the cost of Rs. 498.96. If the cost
4 of white-washing is Rs. 2.00 per square
4 meter, find the [NCERT]
R 3m
the volume of the moon 3 (i) inside surface area of the dome,
Now, 
the volume of the earth 4
R 3e (ii) volume of the air inside the dome.
3
3 Sol. (i) Cost of white-washing = Rate of white-
1 
 Re  washing × Surface area of the dome.
R 3m 4   1
=  Rs. 498.96 = Rs. 2
R 3e 3
Re 64

 The volume of the moon × Surface area of the dome.

1  Surface area of the dome

= times the volume of earth.
64 498.96 2
= m = 249.48 m2
Ex.56 Twenty seven solid iron spheres, each of 2
radius r and surface area S, are melted to form (ii) Let radius of the hemispherical dome = r m
a sphere with surface area S. Find the-
 2r2 = 249.48 
[NCERT]
(i) radius r of the new sphere, 22 2
   2 ×  r = 249.48
7
(ii) ratio of S and S.
Sol. (i) Vol. of bigger solid sphere formed 249.48  7 2
 r2 = m = 39.69
= 24 × vol. of each solid sphere melted. 2  22
4 4   r = 6.3 m.
  (r ' ) 3  27  r 3
3 3  Volume of air inside the dome
 (r)3 = 27r3 = (3r)3   r = 3r
2 3 2 22
= r =  × 6.3 × 6.3 × 6.3 m3
(ii) S = surface area of each sphere melted = 4r2 3 3 7
And, S = Surface area of the sphere formed = 523.908 m3 .
= 4(r)2 = 4(3r)2 = 36r2 Ex.59 The radii of two spheres are in the ratio
S 2
4r 1 3 : 2. Find the ratio between their volumes.
Ratio of S and S = =  =1:9
S' 36r 2 9 Sol. Given :
Ex.57 A hemispherical tank is made up of an iron Ratio between the radii of two spheres = 3 : 2
sheet 1 cm thick. If the inner radius is 1 m,
then find the volume of the iron used to make  If radius of one sphere = 3r,
the tank. [NCERT]
Sol. Since, the inner radius (r) = 1 m = 100 cm and
thickness of sheet = 1cm radius of the other = 2r

External radius (R) = 100 cm + 1 cm = 101 cm Volume of one sphere

Required ratio =
Volume of other sphere
The volume of the iron used to make the
hemispherical tank 4
   (3r ) 3
= Its external volume – Its internal volume 3 27
 = 27 : 8 Ans.
4 8
2 2 2    ( 2r ) 3
= R 3 – r 3 =  (R3 – r3) 3
3 3 3
Ex.60 Three solid spheres of radii 1 cm, 6 cm and 8 r2= (Internal radius of the shell) = 3 513 ~ 8cm
cm are melted and recasted into a single
sphere. Find the radius of the sphere obtained.  Internal diameter of the shall
Sol. Let radius of the sphere obtained = R cm. = 8 cm × 2 ~ 16 cm
4 4 4 4 Ex.62 The radius of the internal and external surface
   R 3  (1) 3  (6) 3  (8) 3 . of a metallic spherical shell are 3 cm and 5
3 3 3 3
cm respectively. It is melted and recast into a
R3 = 1 + 216 + 512 solid right circular cylinder of height
2
R = (729)1/3 10 cm. Find the diameter of the base of the
3
R = 9 cm. cylinder.
Ex.61 A spherical shell of lead, whose external Sol. Here, radius of the internal and external
diameter is 18 cm, is melted and recast into a surfaces of a metallic spherical shell are 3 cm
right circular cylinder, whose height is 8 cm and 5 cm respectively.
and diameter 12 cm. Find the internal
diameter of the shell. 4 
So, its volume =   (53 – 33 ) cm3
3 
A 4  4 
=    (125 – 27) cm3 =    98  cm3
B 3  3 
8 cm

O 9 cm

6cm r
3cm 5cm 32
Sol. We have, height of the right circular cylinder cm
3
= h = 8cm and radius of the base of it = R = 6cm
So, volume of it = R2h
 22  Let r be the radius of the right circular
  6  6  8  cm3 ....(i) 32
 7  cylinder of height cm.
3
It is given that the external diameter of the
spherical shell = 18 cm  32  3
Its volume = r2h =    r 2   cm
 3 
18
The external radius of it = r1 = = 9 cm We have
2
Let the internal radius of it be r2 cm. Volume of the spherical shell = volume of the
right circular cylinder
Since the spherical shell is melted and recast
4 32
into a right circular cylinder, we have the   × 98 =  × r2 ×
volume of the solid of spherical shell = 3 3
volume of the cylinder 392 49
 392 = 32r2  r2 = =
4 22 32 4
 (r13 – r23) = × 6 × 6× 8
3 7
49 7
 r=  = 3.5 cm
[Using equation (i)] 2 2
4 22 3 22 Hence, diameter of the right circular cylinder
 × (9 – r23) = × 36 × 8
3 7 7 = 2r = 2 × 3.5 cm = 7 cm
4 3 108 8 Ex.63 A spherical ball of lead 3cm in diameter is
 (9 – r23) = 36 × 8  92 – r23 =
3 4 melted and recast into three spherical balls.
The diameters of two of these are 1 cm and
 r23 = 93 – 108 × 2 = 729 – 216 r23 = 513 1.5cm. Find the diameter of the third ball.
Sol. It is given that Sol. We have radius of the cylindrical container =
The diameter of a spherical ball = 3cm 12
r= = 6cm and height of it (h) = 15cm.
2
3
 radius of it = 1.5 cm = cm So, its volume = r2h = ( × 62 × 15) cm3
2
= ( × 36 × 15) cm3 = 540 cm3
 4  3 3 
So, volume of it =       cm3
 3  2  
6cm
r
4 3 3 3 108 9
=       cm3 = cm3 = cm2

15cm
3 2 2 2 24 2 4r

This spherical ball is melted and recast into

three small spherical balls. The diameters of
two of these are 1 cm and 1.5 cm respectively.
Let radius of the hemispherical part of the
So, volume of the two spherical balls. ice-cream = radius of the base of the conical
4  1  3  3  3 
part of the ice-cream = r
=          cm3 So, height of the conical part of the icecream
3  2   4  
 = 4r
4  1 27  So, the volume of one ice-cream = volume of
=      cm3 the hemispherical part + volume of the
 3  8 64  conical part.
4 35  3 140  2 1 
=    cm = cm3 =  r 3  r 2  4r  cm3
3 64  192
3 3 
Let r be the radius of the third small spherical
2 4 
ball. =  r 3  r 3  cm3 = (2r3) cm3
3 3 
Thus, volume of the third ball = volume of
the big spherical ball – sum of volume of two Volume of 10 ice-cream
small spherical balls. = (10 × 2r3)cm3 = (20r3) cm3
4 3 9 140 Here, volume of 10 ice-cream = volume of
 r = –
3 2 192 the cylindrical container
4 3 9 140 864 – 140 724  20r3 = 540  20r3 = 540
 r = – = =
3 2 192 192 192
540
 r3 = = 27  r = 3
27 = 3 cm
724  3 181 181 20
 r3 = =  r= 3 cm
4 192 64 64 Hence, the required diameter of the ice-cream
Hence, diameter of the 3rd spherical ball = 2r = 2r = 2 × 3 = 6cm
3
181 3
181 3
181 Ex.65 Water flows out through a circular pipe,
=2× 3
=2× = cm whose internal diameter is 2cm, at the rate of
64 4 2
0.7m/sec into a cylindrical tank, the radius of
Ex.64 A cylindrical container is filled with ice- whose base is 40cm. By how much will the
cream whose diameter and the height are level of water rise in half an hour ?
12cm and 15cm respectively. The whole ice- Sol. We have volume of water flows out through a
cream is distributed to 10 children in equal circular pipe in 1 second = volume of a
inverted cones having hemispherical tops.
2
Find the diameter of the ice-cream, if the cylinder of the base of radius 1 cm (r = =1
height of the conical part is twice the 2
diameter of its base. cm) and height 70 cm (h = 0.7m = 70 cm)
  22 2  2
= r2h =  1  70  cm3 = 220 cm3 So, its volume =  × R3
 7  3

So, volume of water passed through the pipe 2  2 

=     (15) 3  cm3 =    15 15 15  cm3
into the cylindrical tank in 1800 seconds 3  3 
1 3600 
 hour   1800 sec  = 10 × 15 × 15 cm3 = 2250 cm3
2 2 
So, volume of the entire liquid = 2250 cm3
The liquid is to be filled into some bottles of
...... cylindrical in shape whose diameters and
heights are 5 cm and 6 cm respectively. So,
5
radius of the cylindrical bottle = cm and
2
40cm height of it = 6cm
So, volume of one cylindrical bottle = r2h
 5 5   75 
= (220 × 1800) cm3 =396000 cm3 =      6  cm3 =   cm3
 2 2   2 
Thus, rise in the level of water in 1800 sec or
So, the number of bottles necessary to empty
half an hour
the hemispherical bowl
= Total volume of water poured int o the cylindrical tan k Volume of the entire liquid in the bowl
Area of base of the cylindrical tan k =
Volume of one cylindrical bottle
396000 cm 3
= (radius of the base of the 2250cm 3 2250 2
  40 2 cm 2 = = = 60
75 75
cylindrical tank = 40 cm) cm 3
2
  3
 396000 cm 3   
=  =  396000  7  cm Ex.67 A hemispherical tank of radius 1 m is full of
4
 22 1600  
 cm 2   22  1600  water. It is connected with a pipe which
 7  empties it at the rate of 7 lt/sec. How much
= 78.75 cm ~ 79 cm time will it take to empty the tank completely ?
Hence, water rise upto 79 cm in half an hour Sol. We have radius of the hemispherical tank
Ex.66 A hemispherical bowl of internal radius 15cm 3 7
=1 = m. It is full of water.
is full of a liquid. The liquid is to be filled 4 4
into some bottles of cylindrical in shape
So, volume of entire water in the
whose diameters and heights are 5 cm and 6
hemispherical tank
cm respectively. Find the number of bottles
necessary to empty the bowl. 4 7 
3
 4 22 7 7 7  3
=       m3 =      m
Sol. We have internal radius of the hemispherical  3  4   3 7 4 4 4
bowl = R = 15 cm.
15cm
6cm

5 ....
r cm
2
 This tank is connected with a pipe which Number of bottles required to empty the bowl
empties it at the rate of 7lt/sec.
Volume of the liquid in the bowl
So, volume of water flows out in 1 sec = 7 =
volume of the one bottle
litre
2 22 198
= (7 × 1000)cm3 = 7000 cm3 = × ×9×9×9÷
3 7 7
 7000  3
=   m
=
2 22
× ×9×9×9×
7
= 54
 100  100 100  3 7 198
Thus, total time will be taken to empty the Hence, the required number of bottle
tank full of water necessary to empty the bowl is 54.
 4 22 7 7 7   7000  Ex.69 Water in a canal, 30 dm wide and 12 dm deep
=      ÷  
is flowing with velocity of 10 km per hour.
 3 7 4 4 4   100  100 100 
How much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes,
 22  49 7  if 8cm of standing water is required for
=    sec irrigation ?
 48 1000 
Sol. We have
22  49  1000 19250
= sec = sec
48  7 12 30 12
30 dm = m, 12dm = m
10 10
 19250  1925
=   min = min = 26.73 minutes 10 km = 10 × 1000 m
 12  60  72
Volume of water flowing in canal in 1 hour
Hence, the required time is 26.73 minutes.
30 12
Ex.68 A hemispherical bowl of internal radius 9cm = × × 10 × 1000 = 36000 m3.
is full of liquid. This liquid is to be filled into 10 10
cylindrical shaped small bottles each of Volume of water flowing in canal in
diameter 3 cm and height 4 cm. How many 30 minutes
bottles are necessary to empty the bowl ?
1  36000
Sol. Volume of the hemispherical bowl =  hour  = = 18000 m3.
2  2
2 2 22
= R3 = × × (9)3 1
3 3 7 Then Area that will be irrigated in hour
2
(R = Internal radius of the hemispherical bowl
= 9 cm) volume 18000m 3
= =
 2 22  height 8m
=   9  9  9  cm3
 3 7   18000 100  2
=   m = 225000 m2
So, volume of the liquid in the bowl  8 
 2 22  Hence, the required amount of standing
=    9  9  9  cm3
3 7  water needed is 225000 m2.
2 Ex.70 Water flows at the rate of 10m per minutes
22 3
Volume of a bottle =  r2 h = ×   ×4 through a cylindrical pipe having its diameter
7 2 as 5 mm. How much time will it take to fill a
conical vessel whose diameter of base is 40
3
(r = radius of the cylindrical bottle = cm cm and depth 24 cm ?
2
and height (h) = 4 cm) Sol. We have diameter = 5mm
22 9 198 5 5
= × ×4= cm3.  radius = mm = cm
7 4 7 2 10  2
 Also 10m = (10 × 100) cm Thus, by AA – criterion of similarity, we
have
Volume of water that flows through the
cylindrical pipe in 1 minute A

 22  5  2  3cm 4cm
=      10  100 cm3
 7  10  2  
  B C
O 5cm
 22 5  5  1375
=   1000 cm3 = cm3
 7 20  20  7
A’
Volume of the conical vessel with radius
 40  AOB ~ BAC
20 cm   20cm  and depth 24 cm
 2  AO AB
=
AC BC
1 22 
=    (20) 2  24 cm3 AO 3 3 12
3 7     AO = × 4 = cm
4 5 5 5
 1 22 
=   20  20  24  cm3 BO AB
3 7  and =
AB BC
Time taken to fill the conical vessel
BO 3 3 3 9
 =  BO = = cm
 1 22  1375 3 5 5 5
=    20  20  24  ÷
3 7  7
9 16
Now, CO = BC – BO = 5 – = cm.
5 5
1 22 20  20  24  7 Volume of cone BAA'
=  
3 7 1375
1 2 1 22
= r h = × × (AO)2 × BO
1478400 3 3 7
= = 51.2 minutes
28875
1 22 12 12 9 9504
= ×    = cm3
Hence, the required time needed is 3 7 5 5 5 875
51.2 minutes.
1 2
Ex.71 A right triangle with sides 3 cm and 4 cm is Volume of conc CAA' = r h
3
revolved around its hypotenuse. find the
volume of the double cone thus generated. 1 22
= × × (AO)2 × CO
Sol. Hypotenuse BC of the right triangle BAC, 3 7

right-angled at A = 32  4 2  9  16  5cm =
1
×
22 12 12 16
× × ×
3 7 5 5 5
Since the triangle is revolved around the
hypotenuse, therefore AO is the radius of the 16896
= cm3
common base of the double cone so formed. 875
Height of the cone BAA' is BO and its slant So, volume of the double cone thus formed
height is 3cm. Height of the cone CAA' is CO
and its slant height is 4cm 9504 16896 26400
= + =
875 875 875
In the right triangles AOB and BAC, we have
1056 6
So, B = B (common) = = 30 cm3
35 35
 BOA = BAC = 90º
6
Hence, the required volume is 30 cm3.
35
 IMPORTANT POINTS TO BE REMEMBERED

1. If , b and h denote respectively the length, 5. If r, h and  denote respectively the radius of
breadth and height of a cuboid, then - base, height and slant height of a right circular
cone, then-
(i) total surface area of the cuboid = 2 (b +bh +h)
square units. (i) 2 = r2 + h2
(ii) Volume of the cuboid = Area of the base × (ii) Curved surface area = r
height = bh cubic units.
(iii) Total surface area = r2 + r
(iii) Diagonal of the cuboid = 2  b 2  h 2 units. 1 2
(iv) Volume = r h
(iv) Area of four walls of a room = 2 ( + b) h sq. 3
units. 6. For a sphere of radius r, we have
2. If the length of each edge of a cube is ‘a’ units, (i) Surface area = 4r2
then-
4 3
(i) Total surface area of the cube = 6a2 sq. units. (ii) Volume = r
3
(ii) Volume of the cube = a3 cubic units

(iii) Diagonal of the cube = 3 a units.

3. If r and h denote respectively the radius of the
base and height of a right circular cylinder, then -
(i) Area of each end = r2
(ii) Curved surface area = 2rh
(iii) Total surface area = 2r (h + r) sq. units.
(iv) Volume = r2h = Area of the base × height
4. If R and r denote respectively the external and
internal radii of a hollow right circular cylinder,
then -
(i) Area of each end = (R2 – r2)
(ii) Curved surface area of hollow cylinder
= 2 (R + r) h
(iii) Total surface area = 2 (R + r) (R + h – r)
(iv) Volume of material = h (R2 – r2)
 EXERCISE # 1
A.Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1 Find the surface area of a chalk box whose
length, breadth and height are 16 cm, 8 cm
and 6 cm, respectively.
Q.2 Three cubes each of side 5 cm are joined end
to end. Find the surface area of the resulting
cuboid.
Q.3 Find the area of the four walls of a room
whose length is 6m, breadth 5m and height
4m. Also find the cost of white-washing the
walls, if the rate of white washing is Rs. 5 per
square meter (Door, Windows and other
openings ignored).
Q.4 The length of a cold storage is double its
breadth. Its height is 3 meters. The area of its
four walls (including doors) is 108 m2. Find
its volume.
Q.5 The volume of a cuboid is 440 cm3 and the
area of its base is 88 cm2. Find its height.
Q.6 The volume of a cube is 1,000 cm. Find its
total surface area.
Q.7 The curved surface area of a right circular
cylinder of height 14 cm is 88 cm2. Find the
diameter of the base of the cylinder.
Q.8 The ratio between the curved surface area and
the total surface area of a right circular
cylinder is 1 : 2. Find the ratio between the
height and radius of the cylinder.
Q.9 Find the volume of a right circular cylinder, if
the radius (r) of its base and height (h) are 7
cm and 15 cm respectively.
Q.10 The area of the base of a right circular
cylinder is 154 cm2 and its height is 12 cm.
Find the volume of the cylinder.
Q.11 The diameter of a cone is 14 cm and its slant
height is 9 cm. Find the area of its curved
surface.
Q.12 Find the total surface area of a cone, if its
slant height is 9 m and the radius of its base is
12 m.
Q.13 Find the volume of a right circular cone 1.02
m high, if the radius of its base is 28 cm.
Q.14 The area of the base of a right circular cone is
314 cm2 and its height is 15 cm. Find the
volume of the cone.
Q.15 Find the surface area of a sphere of radius
7 cm.
Q.16 Find the surface area and total surface area of
a hemisphere of radius 21 cm.
Q.17 Find the volume of a sphere of radius 7 cm.
Q.18 Find the volume of hemisphere of radius
3.5 cm.
B. Short Answer Type Questions
Q.19 The dimensions of a cuboid are in the ratio of
1 : 2 : 3 and its total surface area is 88 m2.
Find the dimension.
Q.20 A swimming pool is 20 m in length, 15 m in
breadth, and 4 m in depth. Find the cost of
cementing its floor and walls at the rate of Rs
12 per square meter.
Q.21 The floor of a rectangular hall has a perimeter
250 m. If the cost of painting the four walls at
the rate of 10 per m2 is Rs 15000. Find the
height of the hall.
Q.22 The sum of length, breadth and depth of a
cuboid is 19 cm and the length of its diagonal
is 11 cm. Find the surface area of the cuboid.
Q.23 A cube of 9 cm edge is immersed completely
in a rectangular vessel containing water. If the
dimensions of the base are 15 cm and 12 cm.
Find the rise in water level in the vessel.
Q.24 Three cubes whose edges measure 3 cm,
4 cm and 5 cm respectively to form a single
cube. Find its edge. Also, find the surface
area of the new cube.
Q.25 A reservoir is in the form of a rectangular
parallelopiped (cuboid). Its length is 20 m. If
18 k of water is removed from the reservoir,
the water level goes down by 15 cm. Find the
width of the reservoir (1 k = 1 m3).
Q.26 The outer dimensions of a closed wooden box
are 10 cm by 8 cm by 7 cm. Thickness of the
wood is 1 cm. Find the total cost of wood
required to make box if 1 cm3 of wood cost
Rs 2.00.
Q.27 Water flows in a tank 150 m × 100 m at the
base, through a pipe whose crosssection is 2
dm by 1.5 dm at the speed of 15 km per hour.
In what time, will the water be 3 metres deep.
Q.28 An iron pipe 20 cm long has exterior diameter
equal to 25 cm. If the thickness of the pipe is
1 cm, find the whole surface of the pipe.
Q.29 The diameter of a roller 120 cm long is 84
cm. If it takes 500 complete revolutions to
level a playground, determine the cost of
levelling it at the rate of 30 paise per square
metre.
Q.30 The thickness of a hollow wooden cylinder is
2 cm. It is 35 cm long and its inner radius is
12 cm. Find the volume of the wood required
to make the cylinder, assuming it is open at
either end.
Q.31 The circumference of the base of a cylindrical
vessel is 132 cm and its height is 25 cm. How
many liters of water can it hold ?
Q.32 The volume of a cylinder is 448 cm3 and
height 7 cm. Find its lateral surface area and
total surface area.
Q.33 The volume of metallic cylindrical pipe is
748 cm3. Its length is 14 cm and its external
radius is 9 cm. Find its thickness.
Q.34 The circumference of the base of a 10 m high
conical tent is 44 metres. Calculate the length
of canvas used in making the tent if width of
canvas is 2 m. (Use = 22/7).
Q.35 The base radii of two right circular cones of
the same height are in the ratio 3 : 5. Find the
ratio of their volumes.
Q.36 A right circular cone is 3.6 cm high and
radius of its base is 1.6 cm. It is melted and
recast into a right circular cone with radius of
its base as 1.2 cm. Find its height.
Q.37 A solid cube of side 7 cm is melted to make a
cone of height 5 cm, find the radius of the
base of the cone.
Q.38 The radius and height of a cone are in the
ratio 3 : 4. If its volume is 301.44 cm3, what
is its radius ? What is its slant height ?
(Take = 3.14)
Q.39 The internal and external diameters of a
hollow hemi-spherical vessel are 24 cm and
25 cm respectively. The cost of paint one sq.
cm of the surface is 7 paise. Find the total
cost to paint the vessel all over. (ignore the
area of edge).
Q.40 A toy is in the shape of a right circular cyling
with a hemisphere on one end and a cone on
the other. The height and radius of the
cylindrical part are 13 cm and 5 cm
respectively. The radii of the hemispherical
and conical parts are the same as that of the
cylindrical part. Calculate the surface area of
the toy if height of the conical part is 12 cm.
Q.41 Find the volume of a sphere whose surface
area is 154 square cm.
Q.42 A solid sphere of radius 3 cm is melted and
then cast into small spherical balls each of
diameter 0.6 cm. Find the number of balls
thus obtained.
Q.43 How many spherical bullets can be made out
of a solid cube of lead whose edge measures
44 cm, each bullet being 4 cm in diameter.
Q.44 Three solid spheres of iron whose diameters Q.46 A spherical canon ball, 28 cm in diameter is
are 2 cm, 12 cm and 16 cm, respectively, are melted and cast into a right circular conical
melted into a single solid sphere. Find the mould, the base of which is 35 cm in
radius of the solid sphere. diameter. Find the height of the cone, correct
to one placed of decimal.
Q.45 A sphere of diameter 6 cm is dropped in a
right circular cylindrical vessel partly filled
with water. The diameter of the cylindrical
vessel is 12 cm. If the sphere is completely
submerged in water, by how much will the
level of water rise in the cylindrical vessel ?
 ANSWER KEY

A. VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE :

1. 544 cm2 2. 350 cm2 3. Rs. 440 4. 216 m3 5. 5 cm
6. 600 cm2 7. 2 cm 8. 1 : 1 9. 2310 cm3 10. 2310 cm3
11. 198 cm2 12. 792 m2 13. 83776 cm3 14. 1570 cm3 15. 616 cm2
16. 4158 cm2 17. 1437.33 cm3 18. 89.83 cm3

B. SHORT ANSWER TYPE :

19. 2 m, 4 m, 6 m 20. Rs. 6960 21. 6 m 22. 240 cm2 23. 4.05 cm
24. 6 m, 216 cm2 25. 6 m 26. Rs. 640 27. 100 Hours 28. 3168 cm2
29. Rs. 475.20 30. 5720 cm3 31. 34.65 liters 32. 754.28 cm2 33. 1 cm
34. 134.2 m 35. 9 : 25 36. 6.4 cm 37. 8.09 cm 38. 6 cm, 10 cm
39. Rs. 132.11 40. 770 cm2 41. 179.66 cm2 42. 1000 43. 2541
44. 9 cm 45. 1 cm 46. 35.84 cm
 EXERCISE # 2
Q.1 A cuboidal oil tin is 30 cm by 40 cm by 50
cm. Find the cost of the tin required for
making 20 such tins if the cost of tin sheet is
Rs 20 per square metre.
Q.2 Length of a class-room is two times its height
1 weighs 100 kg. Find the weight of the cubic
and its breadth is 1 times its height. The
2 cm of wood and cubic cm of sand.
cost of white-washing the walls at the rate of
Rs 1.60 per m2 is Rs 179.20. Find the cost of
tiling the floor at the rate of Rs 6.75 per m2.
Q.3 A room is half as long again as it is broad.
The cost of carpeting the room at Rs 3.25 per
m2 is Rs 175.50 and the cost of papering the
walls at Rs 1.40 per m2 is Rs 240.80. If 1
door and 2 windows occupy 8 m2, find the
dimensions of the room.
Q.4 The cost of papering four walls of a room at
70 paise per square metre is Rs 157.50. The
height of the room is 5 meters. Find the
length and the breadth of the room if they are
in the ratio 4 : 1.
Q.5 A plot of land in the form of a rectangle has a
dimension 240 m × 180 m. A drainlet 10 m
wide is dug all around it (on the outside) and
the earth dug out is evenly spread over the
plot, increasing its surface level by 25 cm.
Find the depth of the drainlet.
Q.6 An agricultural field is in the form of a
rectangle of length 20 m and width 14 m. A
pit 6 m long, 3 m wide and 2.5 m deep is dug
in a corner of the field and the earth taken out
of the pit is spread uniformly over the
remaining area of the field. Find the extent to
which the level of the field has been raised.
Q.7 A rectangular tank is 225 m by 162 m at the
base. With what speed must water flow into it
through and aperture 60 cm by 45 cm that the
level may be raised 20 cm in 5 hours?
Q.8 The external length, breadth and height of a
closed rectangular wooden box are 18 cm, 10
cm and 6 cm respectively and thickness of
wood is 1/2 cm. When the box is empty, it
weight 15 kg and when filled with sand it
Q.9 A rectangular sheet of paper 44 cm × 18 cm is
rolled along its length and a cylinder is
formed. Find the radius of the cylinder.
Q.10 A metal pipe is 77 cm long. The inner
diameter of a cross section is 4 cm, the outer
diameter being 4.2 cm. Find its [NCERT]
(i) inner curved surface area
(ii) outer curved surface area.
(iii) total surface area
Q.11 A solid cylinder has total surface area of 462
square cm. Its curved surface area is one-third
of its total surface area. Find the volume of
the cylinder. (Take = 22/7)
Q.12 The difference between outside and inside
surface of a cylindrical metallic pipe 14 cm
long is 44 cm2. If the pipe is made of 99 cu
centimeters of metal, find the outer and inner
radii of the pipe.
Q.13 A lead pencil consists of a cylinder of wood
with a solid cylinder of graphite filled into it.
The diameter of the pencil is 7 mm, the
diameter of the graphite is 1 mm and the
length of the pencil is 10 cm. Calculate the
weight of the whole pencil, if the specific
gravity of the wood is 0.7 gm/cm3 and that of
the graphite is 2.1 gm/cm3. NCERT]
Q.14 The radius and height of a cone are in the
ratio 4 : 3. The area of the base is 154 cm2.
Find the area of the curved surface.
Q.15 A tent is of the shape of a right circular
cylinder upto a height of 3 metres and then
becomes a right circular cone with a
maximum height of 13.5 metres above the
ground. Calculate the cost of painting the
inner side of the tent at the rate of Rs 2 per
square metre, if the radius of the base is 14
metres.
Q.16 If h, C, V are respectively the height , the
curved surface and the volume of a cone,
prove that 3Vh3 – C2h2 + 9V2 = 0
Q.17 A cone of height 24 cm has a curved surface
area 550 cm2. Find its volume.
(Take = 22/7).
Q.18 A conical tent is 9 m high and the radius of its
base is 12 m.
(i) What is the cost of the canvas required to
make it, if a square metre canvas costs Rs 10 ?
(ii) How many persons can be accommodated in
the tent, if each person requires 2 square
metre on the ground and 15 m3 of space to
breathe in ?
Q.19 A wooden toy is in the form of a cone
surmounted on a hemisphere. The diameter of
the base of the cone is 6 cm and its height is 4
cm. Find the cost of painting the toy at the
rate of Rs 5 pr 1000 cm2.
Q.20 The diameter of a sphere is decreased by
25%. By what percent its curved surface area
decrease ?
Q.21 A cylindrical container of radius 6 cm and
height 15 cm is filled with ice-cream. The
whole ice-cream has to be distributed to 10
children in equal cones with hemispherical
tops. If the height of the conical portion is
four times the radius of its base, find the
radius of the ice-cream cone.
Q.22 A solid wooden toy is in the shape of a right
circular cone mounted on a hemisphere. If the
radius of the hemisphere is 4.2 cm and the
total height of the toy is 10.2 cm, find the
volume of the wooden toy.
Q.23 A vessel is in the form of a hemispherical
bowl mounted by a hollow cylinder. The
diameter of the sphere is 14 cm and the total
height of the vessel is 13 cm. Find its
capacity. (Take = 22/7).
Q.24 A solid is in the form of a cylinder with
hemispherical ends. The total height of the
solid is 19 cm and the diameter of the
cylinder is 7 cm. Find the volume and total
surface area of the solid. (use = 22/7).

ANSWER KEY
1. Rs. 376 2. Rs. 324 3.  = 9 m, b = 6cm, h = 6 cm 4. = 18 m, b = 4.5 m
1 1
5. 1.227 m 6. 17.18 m 7. 5400 m/h 8. kg, kg
21 9
9. 7 cm 10. (i) 968 cm2 (ii) 1016.4 cm2 (iii) 1984.4 cm2 11. 539 cm3
12. R = 2.5 cm, r = 2 cm 13. 2.805 gm 14. 192.5 cm2
15. Rs. 2068 17. 1232 cm3 18. (i) Rs. 5652 (ii) 90 19. 51 paise
20. 43.75% 21. 3 cm 22. 266.11 cm3 23. 1642.66 cm3
24. 641.66 cm3, 418 cm2