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Introduction :
Gravimetric analysis is a technique through which the amount of an analyte
(the ion being analyzed) can be determined through the measurement of mass.
Gravimetric analyses depend on comparing the masses of two compounds
containing the analyte [1].
Gravimetric analysis includes several steps such as;
1- Preparation.
2- Precipitation.
3- Digestion, which is a process where the precipitate is re-dissolved and
precipitated out of a cleaner environment (solution) [2].
4- Filtration, which is a process of separating suspended solid matter from a
liquid, by causing the latter to pass through the pores of some substance
[3].
5- Washing.
6- Drying / ignition.
7- Weighing
Sulfate is routinely determined by precipitating it with barium chloride to
form insoluble barium sulfate. The Barium Sulfate particles precipitating
initially are too small to filter and wash properly so they are digested to form
larger crystals, which can be handled more easily. This process produces
extremely insoluble crystals according to the following equation [4]:
Na2SO4(aq) +BaCl2(aq) BaSO4(s)+ 2NaCl(aq)
Materials :
- Dried Na2SO4.
- 0.2 M BaCl2.
- 0.1 M AgNO3.
- Filter paper (ashless).
- Two 600 mL beaker.
- Concentrated HCl.
- Concentrated HNO3.
- Dropper.
- 100 mL beaker.
- Watch glass.
- Glass rod.
References:
[1] "Wired Chemist," www.wiredchemist.com Accessed December 20, 2017.