MSE105-1 MARCH 17, 2020

Sample problems:

1. The activation energy Q for recovery at yield point is 200,000 J/mol. Pure copper
achieves 100% recrystallization after 1 hr at 600 K. Determine the time it would take for
the deformed metal to recover the same amount at 590 K and 550 K.

Given:

Q = 200,000 J/mol

τ2 = 1 h, T2 = 600 K

When T1 = 590 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

200,000 1 1
( − )
𝜏1 = (1 ℎ)𝑒 − 8.314 600 590 =1.97 h

When T1 = 550 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

200,000 1 1
( − )
𝜏1 = (1 ℎ)𝑒 − 8.314 600 550 =38.28 h
2. Based on Problem 3, determine the time to recover 50% of the yield stress of the
deformed zinc crystal at 213 K and 300 K.

Given:

Q = 75,100 J/mol

τ2 = 0.007 h, T2 = 283 K

When T1 = 213 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

75,100 1 1
𝜏1 = (0.007 ℎ)𝑒 − 8.314 (283−213) =251.60 h

When T1 = 300 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

75,100 1 1
𝜏1 = (0.007 ℎ)𝑒 − 8.314 (283−300) =1.147 x 10-3 h
 3. The data on the complete recrystallization of pure chromium is given below:

Temperature, K Recrystallization Time, 103 s

316 2300
361 33
375 10
385 7
392 4
408 1.5

(a) Determine the activation energy, Q and preexponential constant A.

Temperature, Recrystallization x-axis y-axis

K 3
Time, 10 s (1/T) (Ln (1/τ))
316 2300 0.0032 -14.6484
361 33 0.0028 -10.4043
375 10 0.0027 -9.2103
385 7 0.0026 -8.8537
392 4 0.0026 -8.2940
408 1.5 0.0025 -7.3132

Slope: -10282.4254
Intercept: 17.98

A: 6.41E+07
Q: 8.55E+04

𝑄 𝑄
𝑠𝑙𝑜𝑝𝑒 = −10,282.4254 = − =−
𝑅 8.314

𝑄 = −10,282.4254 × −8.314 = 8.55 × 104 𝐽/𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑐𝑒𝑝𝑡 = 17.98 = 𝑙𝑛𝐴

𝐴 = 𝑒 17.98 = 6.41 × 107

 (b) Determine the recrystallization temperature of chromium to complete recrystallization
in an hour.

1 1
𝑙𝑛 = −10,282.4254 + 17.98
𝜏 𝑇

1 1
𝑙𝑛 = −10,282.4254 + 17.98
3600 𝑇

1 1
𝑙𝑛 − 17.98 = −10,282.4254
3600 𝑇

𝑇 = 392.93 𝐾

(c) How long will it take to recrystallize chromium at room temperature and at 300 K?

Q = 85,500 J/mol

τ2 = 2300x103 s, T2 = 316 K

When T1 = 298 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇2 𝑇1

85,500 1 1
𝜏1 = (2300𝑥103 )𝑒 − 8.314 (316−298) =1.6422x107 s

When T1 = 300 K:

𝑄 1 1
− ( − )
(d) 𝜏1 = 𝜏2 𝑒 𝑅 𝑇 2 𝑇1

85,500 1 1
𝜏1 = (2300𝑥103 )𝑒 − 8.314 (316−300) =1.3047x107 s

4. Compute the increase of internal pressure with droplet of diameter 50 μm and surface
energy of 13.2 x 10-2 J/m2.
8𝛾 8(13.2 × 10−2 ) 𝑁
∆𝑝 = = = 21,120 2
𝐷 1𝑚 𝑚
50𝜇𝑚 ×
1 × 106 𝜇𝑚