Essay Topic Bacteriophages as a solution of antibacterial

resistance based on advantage, clinical use, and

biocontrol.
Name Hinggil Nugroho
Student Number 18711161
Class A

Title How Antibiotic Resistance Might be Humanity's Greatest Killer

Introductory
Paragraph
When i was kid, i was sick and mama told me to eat that
drug, yes, antibacterial drug. In university where i study
medicine, the function of antibacterial drug is to kill
bacteria that cause illness and prevent the bacteria from
dividing. The drug is used when only the illness of
bacterial infection, not viral(viruses) infection because it
is’nt work for viruses. Many source that i have read tell
that antibacterial drug is used to treat severe, life
treathening conditions. So antibacterial drug is used when
there is a bacterial infection with life threatening
conditions. So what happen if the use of antibacterial
drug is violated? Yes, antibacterial resistance.
Antibacterial resistance is when the bacteria evolve to
become invulnerable or still alive with the use of drug. So
if someone is get sick and buy some antibacterial drug
without doctor’s prescription, sooner the bacteria will get
stronger. Indiscipline of the rule is just one example, use
of the drug in farm(especially meat), maybe like lack of
restriction, abundant availability in free market, misuse,
can lead to antibacterial resistace. Then, how if thousand
of bacteria that have strong spreading and deadly effect is
getting stronger? Is’nt that antibacterial resistance will
have a high probability to become a greate humanity’s
killer one day?. Well i guess it will be true if there are no
solution for the problems. So what is the solution of these
problems based on fact of science? To answer that
question, we will discuss about bacteriophages as a
 solution of antibacterial resistance based on advantage,
clinical use, and biocontrol.
Body Paragraph 1
What are bacteriophages? Bacteriophages are viruses
that naturally bind to bacteria and kill as well as prevent
bacteria from dividing. What are antibiotics? Antibiotics
are drug that reduce number of bacteria too. So what are
the differences between those two? Bacteriophages are
very spesific to their host(bacteria) while antibiotics do
target both pathogens and normal flora of patients.
Normal flora can prevent baccteria to infect. So,
antibiotics have a chance to trigger secondary infections.
Bacteriophages only replicate in site of infection,
antibiotic travel throughout the body and have a chance to
harm organ like liver.There are no side effect of
bacteriophages application, antibiotics can cause
secondary infection and allergies. Bacteriophages are
based on natural selection, enviromentally friendly.
Because of that, the reserach is faster and cheaper than
antibiotics which take several years and spend million
dollars. So, phages are more beneficial than antibiotics.
Body Paragraph 2
Phages advantages not only just a theory, but it’s
clinically approved. Clinical use function is to gain
credibility of phages. Clinical use on mice(which have
similar gen to human) which infected by K.Pneumoniae
which cause pneumonia show the mice were treated.
Pneumonia on cancer patients were treated with
bacteriphages therapy. Overall bacteriophages therapy
cure on all patients whom had failed to respond to
conventional treatment by antibiotics. So, this
demonstrate that with animal trial and human use make
phages clinically approved.
Body Paragraph 3
Besides advantages and trial of phages, phages can be
applied as biocontrol of bacteria. The more number of
bacteria, the higher chace of food contamination, the
 higher chance to cause disease. Listeria monocytogenes
are Ilness-bacteria that common during food processing.
Phage anti-Listeria reduce the number of the bacteria so it
makes food safe to eat. On livestock animals,
Toxinogenic E. coli, Campylobacter, and Salmonella
amount are reduced in before slaughter phages
application. Not only what we chew with teeth, what we
drink can also be safer from bacteria. Like poor sanitation
that contain large amount of bacteria can be reduced by
phages. The amount Enterobacter sakazakii which
growing in reconstituted infant formula milk can be
resolved by bacteriphages application. So, phages as
biocontrol help prevent disease beside cure disease.
Conclusion The use of bacteriophages as a solution for
Paragraph
antibioctics resistance has many good aspects. The
example of good aspects are phages advantage, clinical
use, and biocontrol. Bacteriophages are have so ma have
so many beneficial thing like specific and in site targeting
mechanism, no side effect, faster and cheaper research
study, and enviromentally friendly. Not just a theory,
clicinal use of phages on animal or human experiments
really prove that it can kill bacteria better compared with
antibiotics whom failed to cure, causes secondarxy
infection and allergies. In order to prevent bacteria
infection cause by food consumption, phages biocontrol
reduce amount of bacteria better than antibiotics. After
all, i recommended bacteriophages use on medical and
consumption aspect. Antibiotics use must be replaced
sooner with phages based on the benefits, before the
bacteria evolve for getting stronger to survive on drugs,
before it’s too late, before it become greate humanity’s
killer. Hopefully we all stay healthy for a better, barokah
life.