PANGNGALAN
- Tumutukoy sa ngalan ng tao, hayop, bagay, lugar, o
PAGKAKAHATI-HATI NG PANGNGALAN
(Categories of Nouns)
Ayon sa uri:
• Pantangi (Proper Nouns)
• Pambalana (Common Nouns)
Ayon sa kasarian:
• Panlalaki (male)
• Pambabae (female)
• Di- Tiyak (can be either male or female)
• Walang Kasarian (no gender)
Ayon sa gamit:
• Tahas – nouns experienced by our senses
and has physical characteristics
Ex. ahas, mesa, simbahan, kapatid
• Basal – refers to ideas, concepts or
conditions
ex. pagmamahal, pagasa,
• Lansak – nouns used to refer to a group
ex. madla, grupo, pangkat, kapuluan (group of
islands)
(Nouns) pangyayari
GAMIT NG PANGNGALAN
(Uses of Nouns)
Ayon sa lapi: SIMUNO O PAKSA (Subject)
• Payak – original or root words - Tells who/what the sentence is about
ex. bahay (house)
- Can be found in the beginning (before the
• Maylapi – root words + panlapi word “ay”) or end of the sentence
ex. ka+bahay+an = kabahayan (entire household) NOUN AS SUBJ. Ex. Si Troy ay nag-aaral.
• Inuulit – words that are repeated or
syllables of a word are repeated PANAGURI (Predicate)
ex. magbabahay-bahay (to go visit houses) - Tells something about the subject (what, who,
• Tambalan – two words joined together to where, when,)
make a new word - Should not be mistaken as an adjective or
ex. bahay+ampunan = bahay ampunan (orphanage) pang-uri
NOUN AS PRED. Ex. Si Troy ay Pilipino.
Ayon sa kailanan: LAYON (Direct Object)
• Isahan (one noun) - This is the noun that the action is referring to
- Uses words like si, ni, kay, ang, ng, nang, or - Follows the action word + “ng”
number words like isa, isang, sang NOUN AS D.O. Ex. Nagluluto ng sinigang si nanay.
• Dalawahan (two nouns) PINAGLALAANAN (Indirect
- Uses words like sina, nina, kina, ang mga, mga, sa
mga, or number words like dalawa or dalawang Object)
• Maramihan (three or more, or groups) - This is the noun that will receive the
ex. kabahayan (entire household) NOUN AS I.O. action/object (para sa/kay, kay, sa, kina)
Ex. Para kaya nanay ang niluluto kong sinigang.
 PANG-URI - naglalarawan ng pangngalan (nouns) o panghalip (pronouns)
(Adjectives)

URI NG PANG-URI KAANTASAN NG PANG-URI KAILANAN NG KAYARIAN NG PANG-URI

PANG-URI
PANLARAWAN LANTAY
- describes the physical attributes of a noun - describes only one noun or pronoun
Payak – original or root
ex. Si Troy ay mabait. Isahan words
ex. matalino, malaki, payat, maliit
- describes only one ex. payat
noun/pronouns
PAMILANG PAHAMBING Maylapi – root words +
-describes the number or how many/ much -describes only two nouns/pronouns panlapi
the noun is ex. ma+taba = mataba
MAGKATULAD NA PAHAMBING:
Dalawahan
URI NG PAMILANG: - Uses words like kapwa,
-describes the similarity
1. Patakaran – stating the number or how pareho, magsing- Inuulit – words that are
-uses words like pareho, magkapareho,
many (isa, dalawa, tatlo, sampu) /magkasing-, kasing-/sing-, repeated or syllables of a
magsing-/magkasing-, kasing-/sing-, gaya
2. Panunuran – stating the order (una, huli, gaya, magkatulad) word are repeated
ex. Magkasinghaba ang pantalon ni Troy at
pang-apat) ex. pira-piraso (piece by
Raffy
3. Pamahagi – stating the parts or portion piece)
of a whole (tig-iisa, kalahati, sampung DI-MAGKATULAD NA PAHAMBING:
Maramihan
porsiyento) - describes the differences - uses ng panlapi “ma” + Tambalan – two words
4. Pahalaga – amount of money (limang 1. PALAMANG – positive qualities are more the first syllable of the
joined together to make a
piso, isang daang piso) than the other (higit, lalo, mas, di-hamak ) pang-uri is repeated
new word
5. Palansak – groupings (dalawahan, 2. PASAHOL – negative qualities are more than ex. Maliliit ang mga
ex. taos+puso = taos puso
apatan, isahan) the other (di-gaano, di-gasino, di-masyado) bulaklak sa hardin.
(whole heartedly)
6. Patakda – states an exact amount or Masasarap ang mga
number (iisa, dadalawa, tatatlo) ulam sa mesa.
PASUKDOL
- describes positive or negative traits of 3 or
PANTANGI more nouns/pronouns (sobra, ubod, tunay,
- uses proper nouns to describe talaga, saksakan, hari ng)
ex. Si Raf ay batang Xavierian.
Si Troy ay Pilipinong mag-aaral.

URI NG PANGHALIP (Kinds of Pronoun)
PANAO (Personal Pronouns)
- used for persons
- ako (me), ko, kami
(we), kayo, atin , inyo, kita, kata, mo
(you), niya/siya (he/she), ikaw/ka/kayo
(you), tayo (us/we), nila/sila
(them/they),namin/natin, ninyo
PAARI (Possessive
Pronouns)
- Shows ownership
- akin, atin, amin, iyo, inyo, kanya,
kanila, mo, ninyo, ko
PANAKLAW (Indefinite
Pronouns)
- does not refer to any specific person,
thing or amount. It is vague and "not
definite"
- sinuman, anuman, alinman, lahat,
walang sinuman, marami, ilan, lahat,
karamihan, isa, gaanuman, kailanman,
iba, madla, balana, magkanuman,
paanuman, saanman, pawa, ilanman
PANGHALIP
- humahalili (replaces/substitutes) sa ngalan ng mga
(Pronouns) pangngalan (nouns)
PANAUHAN NG PANGHALIP KAILANAN
(Person Point of View) NG PANGHALIP
PANANONG (Interrogative
Pronouns) UNANG PANAUHAN ISAHAN (one)
- ako, ko, akin, ka, mo,
Sino at Kanino (for who/whom) – para sa tao (1st person)
Ano (what) – para sa hayop, bagay, katangian, ikaw, iyo, siya, niya,
- Tumutukoy sa taong nagsasalita
pangyayari, at ideya kanya
(speaker)
Kailan (when) – tungkol sa petsa at panahon - ako, ko, akin, atin, amin, kami, tayo,
Saan (where) – tungkol sa lugar naming, natin
DALAWAHAN
Bakit (why) – tungkol sa dahilan (two)
Paano (how) - tungkol sa pamamaraan - inyo, kayo, ninyo, sila,
Ilan (how many) – pagtatanong sa dami o bilang IKALAWANG PANAUHAN nila, kanila
Alin (which) – ginagamit sa pagpapapili
(2nd person)
Magkano (how much) –tungkol sa halaga ng pera
- Tumutukoy sa taong kinakausap MARAMIHAN
**if you want to ask more than one:
(the person that the speaker is (three or more)
talking to) - sila, nila, kanila, inyo,
Sinu-sino, Anu-ano, Kani-kanino, iilan/ilan-ilan,
- ikaw, ka, mo, iyo, inyo, kayo, ninyo kayo, ninyo
saan-saan, kai-kailan, papaano, alin-alin
IKATLONG PANAUHAN
PAMATLIG (Demonstrative
Pronouns) (3rd person)
- ito, ganito, dito, rito, heto (near the person - Tumutukoy sa taong pinaguusapan
talking or he’s holding it) (the person being talked about, not
- iyan, ganyan, diyan, riyan, hayan (near the physically doing the conversation)
person that the speaker is talking to) - siya, niya, kanya, sila, nila, kanila
- iyon, ganoon, doon, roon, hayun (far away from
the people talking, not present)