Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
1
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
δ
tagθ = θ =
L
2
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
δ
Sustituyendo θ por su tangente , los pares de empotramiento valen:
L
δ
MA = ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K )
L
δ
MB = ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ')
L
1 4 ⋅E ⋅I
Si I y E son constantes, β = β' = ; K = K' = . Operando se obtiene:
2 L
δ δ 4 ⋅E ⋅I 1 4 ⋅E ⋅I 4 ⋅ E ⋅I ⋅ δ 1 6 ⋅ E ⋅I ⋅ δ
MA = ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K ) = ⋅ ⋅ + = ⋅ + 1 =
L L L 2 L L2 2 L2
δ δ 4 ⋅ E ⋅I 1 4 ⋅E ⋅I 4 ⋅ E ⋅I ⋅ δ 1 6 ⋅E ⋅I ⋅ δ
MB = ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ') = ⋅ ⋅ + = ⋅ + 1 =
L L L 2 L L2 2 L2
6 ⋅E ⋅I⋅ δ
Por tanto, M A = MB = .
L2
3 ⋅E ⋅I⋅ δ
Si la pieza es empotrada-articulada, M A = .
L2
MA ⋅ L
δ=
K '⋅β'+K
MB ⋅ L
δ=
K ⋅ β + K'
Si I y E son constantes:
MA ⋅ L2 MB ⋅ L2
δ= =
6 ⋅E ⋅I 6 ⋅E ⋅I
3
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
∑M = 0 (1)
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0
∑F = 0 (2)
T −F = 0
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0
δ
MA = ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K )
L
δ
MB = ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ')
L
4
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
Haciendo
MA K '⋅β'+K
= = φ , M A = MB ⋅ φ ,
MB K ⋅ β + K '
de donde se obtiene:
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0
F ⋅ L − MB ⋅ φ − MB = 0
F ⋅L
MB =
1+ φ
F ⋅L ⋅ φ
MA =
1+ φ
Si sucede que las piezas son de sección constante y del mismo material,
1 4 ⋅E ⋅I
β= ;yK= . Operando se tiene:
2 L
4 ⋅E ⋅I 1 4 ⋅E ⋅I
⋅ +
K '⋅β'+K L 2 L =1
φ= =
K ⋅ β + K' 4 ⋅ E ⋅ I 1 4 ⋅ E ⋅ I
⋅ +
L 2 L
F ⋅L ⋅ φ F ⋅L
MA = =
1+ φ 2
F ⋅L F ⋅L
MB = =
1+ φ 2
F⋅L
Por tanto, M A = MB = .
2
MA + MB
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0 → F =
L
5
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0
δ
MA = ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K )
L
δ
MB = ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ')
L
δ δ
F ⋅L − ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K ) − ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ') = 0
L L
Despejando F:
δ
F= ⋅ [K '⋅(1 + β') + K ⋅ (1 + β )]
L2
δ δ 4 ⋅ E ⋅ I 1 4 ⋅ E ⋅ I 1
F= ⋅ [K '⋅(1 + β') + K ⋅ (1 + β)] = 2 ⋅ ⋅ 1 + + ⋅ 1 +
2 2
2
L L L L
12 ⋅ E ⋅ I ⋅ δ
F=
L3
F⋅L
δ=
[K'⋅(1 + β') + K ⋅ (1 + β)]
6
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
RESUMEN
Conocidos
Desplazamientos 3 1
Fuerzas 3 2
Momentos 1 2
F ⋅ L − M A − MB = 0
δ
MA = ⋅ (K '⋅β'+K )
L
δ
MB = ⋅ (K ⋅ β + K ')
L
7
Cátedra de Ingeniería Rural
Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola de Ciudad Real
GRADO DE TRANSLACIONALIDAD o
GRADO DE DESPLAZABILIDAD