Introduction

VIRUSES have predilection to mutate by nature. Some viruses mutate too fast and too
frequently, the human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV, being one of them. Like HIV, the
coronavirus is also a ribonucleic acid and is the biggest of all ribonucleic acid viruses. The virus,
as is known by now, spreads from an infected person’s sneezing or coughing, which produces
droplets or aerosols of more or less 10 micrometres in size. Droplets may travel a distance of 10
metres in the case of coughing and 50 metres in sneezing. The virus may also spread from an
infected person’s saliva, discharge from the nose or even from faces. Since droplets are heavier;
so, some or all of them settle on the ground or any other nearby objects soon and remain active
for varying periods — from a few hours to a few days — in case of failure to lodge in any living
hosts at a given time or when a healthy person remains at a distance of six feet. If a healthy
person touches such surfaces or objects and then touches the mouth, the nose or the eyes, the
contaminated hand may deliver the virus to a human host through such entry sites. This is the
reason hand-washing has been emphasised so earnestly. But if there is no chance of touching
such objects or surfaces, as when people neither goes out from their houses nor anybody or
anything comes from outside, repeated hand-washing is unnecessary.
Infection starts first in the nose and the throat, especially if the source is a droplet. Virions, or
virus particles, can lodge in the alveoli, or smaller units of the lungs, only when their size is less
than 10 micrometres called aerosol. Two types of masks are said to be of some help in
preventing infection of a new host. N95 masks can prevent aerosols up to 0.3 micrometres but
surgical masks can prevent only droplets, bigger than 10 micrometres. ACE-2, a protein on the
surface of a host cell, which provides a docking site to the virus, is abundant in the nose and in
the mouth and very few in the lungs. As droplets have higher possibility to contain a critical
number of viruses, surgical masks should be able to reduce the chance of infection. It is like half
a loaf is better than no loaf. Aerosols might also contain fewer viruses and also would have fewer
docking sites in the lungs.
In the nose and mouth, the virus replicates and after reaching a critical number, it causes the
initial symptoms of fever, dry cough, muscle pain, singularly or in combination in 4–5 days —
the asymptomatic period, also known as the incubation period, may span 2–14 days but may
even extend up to 27 days. During the asymptomatic days, infected people may infect the highest
number of people because of their mobility while being unaware of the infection. This is further
complicated by the fact that someone infected might, in fact, not even show any clinical features.
Around this time, many patients lose the senses of smell and taste. It then spreads to the
windpipes and to the lungs. In the windpipes, it causes excessive secretion of mucus, which
blocks the airways and, hence, the respiratory distress. When the infection goes to the alveoli,
pneumonia sets in and the lungs are fibrosed in 5–6 days. Death usually occurs around this time.
Death, as has been noted, is the usual prognosis among the elderly, especially if there are co-
existing diseases — eg diabetes, hypertension, cancer etc — which compromise immunity in a
person. In others, who are not usually inflicted dangerously and show mild clinical features,
there would be recovery in 7–8 days. Some patients may develop diarrhoea during the recovery
or in terminal stages. There is no treatment against any virus except Hepatitis B although most of
the vaccines have, in fact, been invented against virus.

Current Situation In the World:

Coronavirus Cases:
1,584,490
Deaths:
94,705
Recovered:
348,470
Country, Total New Total New Total Active Total
Other Cases Cases Deaths Deaths Recovered Cases Tests

World 1,584,490 +66,530 94,705 +6,250 348,470 1,141,315

Country, Total New Total New Total Active Total
Other Cases Cases Deaths Deaths Recovered Cases Tests

USA 456,712 +21,785 16,231 +1,443 24,579 415,902 2,309,686

Spain 152,446 +4,226 15,238 +446 52,165 85,043 355,000

Italy 143,626 +4,204 18,279 +610 28,470 96,877 853,369

France 117,749 +4,799 12,210 +1,341 23,206 82,333 224,254

Germany 115,523 +2,227 2,451 +102 46,300 66,772 1,317,887

China 81,865 +63 3,335 +2 77,370 1,160

Iran 66,220 +1,634 4,110 +117 32,309 29,801 231,393

UK 65,077 +4,344 7,978 +881 135 56,964 298,169

Turkey 42,282 +4,056 908 +96 2,142 39,232 276,338

Belgium 24,983 +1,580 2,523 +283 5,164 17,296 84,248

Switzerland 24,046 +766 948 +53 10,600 12,498 178,500

Netherlands 21,762 +1,213 2,396 +148 250 19,116 101,534

Canada 20,690 +1,252 503 +76 5,196 14,991 370,315

Brazil 16,474 +286 839 +19 173 15,462 63,000

Portugal 13,956 +815 409 +29 205 13,342 140,368

Austria 13,244 +302 295 +22 5,240 7,709 126,287

Corona Virus Effects in Market Places & big challenge after 2nd world war:
The coronavirus has changed the job market almost overnight. The global outbreak has seriously
impacted the economy and job security. It will have long-lasting, game-changing ramifications.
There will be sectors, companies and workers that may benefit from this near-tragedy.
Unfortunately, we will also witness industries that are severely harmed. People in these areas
will lose their jobs and have extreme difficulties finding new ones.   

The government has ordered us to remain indoors and self-quarantine to stop the spread of the
coronavirus. Companies have asked their employees to work from home. Large gatherings of
people are not permissible. Due to restrictions and fear, people are not traveling, taking airplanes,
dining out, staying at hotels or attending concerts and sporting events. These current trends will
continue even after we defeat the outbreak.

Since the schools are closed and everyone from elementary school to college are stuck at home,
they are turning to online video games. Kids, as well as some adults, are playing games in record
numbers to keep entertained, especially with the absence of sporting events. It's also a way to
interact with friends and family to maintain social relations, while also practicing self-distancing.
As long as this trend continues, jobs in this space are safe and will increase to meet the
demand.The new coronavirus disease is attacking societies at their core, claiming lives and
people's livelihoods .Countries around the world have imposed a series of measures, including
restricting people's movements and closing most businesses, to curb the spread of the virus.The
UN report estimates that up to 25 million jobs could be lost around the world as the result of the
outbreak. It also projects an up to 40% "downward pressure" on global foreign direct investment
flows."Covid-19 is the greatest test that we have faced together since the formation of the United
Nations," he said, calling for "an immediate co-ordinated health response to suppress
transmission and end the pandemic". With tens of millions of workers now in quarantine and
parts in short supply, China is struggling to get economic activity back on track. Countries with
well-honed crisis risk-management arrangements are faring better at slowing the spread of
infection, although that does not make them immune to political and economic pressures.
COVID-19 has also shown how governance failures may involve inaction or over-zealous action
by ill-prepared authorities scrambling to maintain or regain stability. Both ends of the spectrum
undermine trust and cooperation among citizens and countries. Centralized control measures may
seem necessary to stop or delay the spread of the virus, and compensate for weak individual and
community resilience, but may also cause harm.Mass quarantines in cities or cruise
ships stigmatize those under lockdown and increase mental health risks as people experience
stress, anxiety and a sense of isolation and loss of control over their lives. Travel bans result in
social, economic and political penalties, which can discourage individuals and government
bodies from sharing information and disclosing future outbreaks. Weak or overwhelmed health
systems struggle to limit the spread of infection or cope with surging care needs, further reducing
confidence in the competence and character of the institutions and individuals in charge.

How to prevent human

transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (mud).
How to prevent human
transmission of the virus?
• Cover face and mouth
while sneezing and
coughing
• Use a paper towel or
cloth to cover face and
mouth while sneezing /
coughing
• Wash hands with soap
and water / alcohol gel
after sneezing / coughing
• Wear a face mask if in
contact with people with
Flu like illness
• Keep distance of at
least 1 Metre (3 feet)
away from people with
Flu like
illness. This can prevent
you coming in contact
with the virus
• Dispose off used face
mask, paper towel and
other waste from into
bags.
Incinerate (burn) or place
waste in landfill and
cover with soil (
Conclusion:

Despite urgent containment efforts, it has become apparent that SARS-CoV-2, and the disease it
causes - COVID-19 - have spread to pretty much every country across the globe. While some
countries are reporting small numbers so far, it is almost certain that everyone will, eventually,
see an outbreak nearby. Despite urgent containment efforts, it has become apparent that SARS-
CoV-2, and the disease it causes - COVID-19 - have spread to pretty much every country across
the globe. While some countries are reporting small numbers so far, it is almost certain that
everyone will, eventually, see an outbreak nearby. Despite urgent containment efforts, it has
become apparent that SARS-CoV-2, and the disease it causes - COVID-19 - have spread to
pretty much every country across the globe. While some countries are reporting small numbers
so far, it is almost certain that everyone will, eventually, see an outbreak nearby. One of the big
things about infectious diseases is that they spread best when lots of people are around. In
particular, this includes schools and workplaces, where children and adults are forced into small,
sweaty rooms together.
So, prepare to take action to reduce the risk of spreading disease. Schools may close, but
probably not all of them, and not forever. You can reduce the risk to society by making sure kids
stay at home when they're sick, and enforcing simple rules like washing hands on a schedule
during school hours.
Workplaces are a similar story - if you're an employee, make plans to work from home. You may
not have to, but it's a good idea. If you're a boss, be realistic - people are going to get sick sooner
or later. Make sure people have sick leave, and find ways to keep to business going if staff have
to stay home for some time. Start holding what meetings you can by distance, and try to ensure
that when people get together they aren't forced into small spaces with no ventilation. Early
information out of China indicates that one of the ways that coronavirus spreads is through the
household. Now, it's obviously impossible to be entirely distant from your family, despite the
hopeful dreams of many millenials, but there are things you can do to help prevent the virus from
spreading among your friends, family, and weird roommates.
If you do get sick, isolate yourself from the family. Take precautions when caring for sick loved
ones. Wipe down shared surfaces more often. Try not to let your kids stick their hands directly
into your mouth quite so often.Early information out of China indicates that one of the ways that
coronavirus spreads is through the household. Now, it's obviously impossible to be entirely
distant from your family, despite the hopeful dreams of many millenials, but there are things you
can do to help prevent the virus from spreading among your friends, family, and weird
roommates.If you do get sick, isolate yourself from the family. Take precautions when caring for
sick loved ones. Wipe down shared surfaces more often. Try not to let your kids stick their hands
directly into your mouth quite so often.