EXERCISE 1

1. Several identical elastic balls are suspended in a row as shown in the figure. If one, or two, or three,
etc ball are moved to the left and then released, they collide with the remaining balls with a certain
common velocity v. It is found that then one, or two, or three, etc. balls, respectively, from the extreme
right move out to the right with the same velocity, through to conserve momentum it is sufficient for a
single ball to move out with v, 2v, 3v, etc. respectively, when one or two or three balls hit from the left.
Explain why this happens?

2. Why is a clean hole made when a bullet is fired at a glass window pane, while it is broken into pieces
by a stone ?
3. Why does a fielder lower his hand while taking a ‘catch’?
4. Two men each of mass m, stand on the edge of a stationary car and jump off with a horizontal velocity
u relative to the car, first simultaneously and then one after the other. If friction be negligible, in which
case will they impart greater velocity to the car ?
5. A sand glass is being weighed on a sensitive balance, first when the sand is dropping in a steady stream
from the upper to the lower part and then again after the upper part is empty. Are the two weights the
same or not ? Explain your answer.
To spring
balance

6. How can you reconcile the sailing of a sailboat into the wind with the principle of conservation of
momentum?
7. Why does a gun appear to have a greater ‘kick’ when fired with the butt held loosely against the
shoulder than when held tightly?
8. The motion of the centre of mass of a system is determined by external forces only and not the internal
forces of the system. True of false ?
9. Figure shows the position-time graph of a particle of mass m = 0.5kg. Suggest a suitable example to
fit the curve. What is the interval between ten consecutive impulses? What is the magnitude of each
impulse ?

x(m)
16

0 t
4 8 12

10. Do the centre of mass and the centre of gravity coincide for a building? For a lake ? Under what
conditions does the difference between these two points become insignificant?
 EXERCISE 2
1. It is kinetic energy of a body increases by 21%, the momentum of a body increases by :
(A) 10 (B) 11 (C) 9 (D) 12

2. If the KE of a body becomes four times of its initial value, then the new momentum will be :
(A) three times its initial value (B) four times its initial value
(C) twice its initial value (D) unchanged.

3. A shell explodes and many pieces fly off in different directions. The following is conserved :
(A) Kinetic energy (B) Momentum
(C) Neither momentum nor KE (D) Momentum and KE.
4. Choose the correct definition of impulse :
(A) impulse is defined as rate of change of momentum of particle
(B) impulse is defined as change in momentum of a particle
(C) impulse is defined as the integral of force with respect to time
(D) both 2 and 3 are correct.
5. A particle of mass m is projected from the ground at an angle θ from vertical. The change in momen-
tum when it is at highest point of its track :
(A) mu sin θ (B) 2 mu sin θ (C) mu cos θ (D) 2 mu cos θ
6. The magnitude of the momentum of a particle varying with time is shown in figure. The variation of
force acting on the particle is shown as :

t
t0 2t0

F F F F

t0 2t0
(A) (B) (C) t (D) t0 2t0
t .
t t
t0 2t0 t0 2t0

7. A bag of mass M hangs by a long thread and a bullet (mass m) comes horizontally with velocity v and
gets caught in the bag. Then for the combined system (bag + bullet) :
(A) Momentum is mMv/(M+m) (B) KE is (1/2)Mu2
(C) Momentum is mv(M+m) /M (D) KE is m2v2/2(M+m).
8. Two bodies of masess 1 kg and 16 kg moving with equal kinetic energies. The ratio of the magnitudees
of thier linear momenta is :
(A) 1/2 (B) 1/8 (C) 1/4 (D) 2/3
9. A body of mass 4 kg intially at rest is subjected to a force 16 N. The kinetic energy acquired by the
body at the end of 10 seconds is :
 1 1 3 3
(A) L (B) L (C) L (D) L
2 3 2 4
20. Three point masses of 1 g, 2g and 3g have their centre of mass at (2,2,2). A fourth mass of 4g is placed
at position vector r such that the centre of mass of new system is now at (0,0,0) :

(A) r  (1,1,1) (B) r  (2,2,2) (C) r  (3,3,3) (D) r  (4,4,4)

21. A child’s drinking cup is made from a uniform solid hemisphere surmounted by a uniform hollow
cylinder as shown in the diagram. If the cup is tilted on a horizontal surface it will always right
itself (return to the position such that AC is vertical). The center of mass of the cup is :

(A) between B and C (B) at A (C) at B (D) between B and A

22. Two identical blocks each of mass 1kg are joined together with a compressed spring. When the
system is released the two blocks appear to be moving with unequal speeds in the opposite directions
as shown in figure. Choose the correct statement (s) :

1kg 1kg

(A) It is not possible

(B) Whatever may be the speed of the blocks the centre of mass will remain stationary
(C) The centre of mass of the system is moving with a velocity of 2 m/s.
(D) The centre of mass of the system is moving with a velocity of 1 m/s.
23. A boy of mass m is standing on a block of mass M kept on a rough surface. When the boy walks from
left to right on the block, the centre of mass (boy + block) of system :
(A) remains stationary (B) shifts towards left
(C) shifts towards right (D) shifts towards right if M > m and towards left if M < m.
24. A cannon of mass 2m located at the base of an inclined plane shoots a shell of mass m in horizontal
direction with velocity v0. The angle of inclination of plane is 45º and the coefficient of friction between
the cannon and the plane is 0.5. The height to which cannon ascends the plane as a result of recoil is :

v 02 v2 v 20 v 02
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2g 12g 6g g
25. Which one of the following statement is true :
(A) Momentum is conserved in elastic collisions but not in inelastic collision
(B) Total KE is conserved in elastic collisions but momentum is not
 EXERCISE 3
1. A steel ball with a mass of m = 20 g falls from a height of h1 = 1 m onto a steel plate and rebounds to
a height of h2 = 81 cm. Find: the impulse of the force received by the plate during the impact.

2. What are reasonable magnitudes for the impulse I, average force Fav, and collision time t for a golf
club hitting a golf ball ? Mass of the golf ball is 45 g and is thrown over a range of 175yd (160m). Take
angle of projection 45º and g = 10 m/s2.

3. A 3 kg mass moving at a speed of 15 ms-1 collides with a 6 kg object initially at rest. They stick
together. Find the velocity of the combination after the collision.

4. A trolley of mass 300 kg carrying a sandbag of 25 kg is moving uniformly with a speed of 27 km/h on
a frictionless track. After a while, sand starts leaking out of a hole on the trolley’s floor at the rate of
0.05 kg s-1. What is the speed of the trolley after the entire sand bag is empty ?

5. Two particles A and B lighter particle having mass m, are released from infinity. They move towards
each other under their mutual force of attraction. If their speeds are v and 2v respectively find the K.E.
of the system.

6. A block of mass m moving at a speed v collides with another block of mass 2m at rest. The lighter
block comes to rest after collision. What is the coefficient of restitution.

7. A ball of mass m is dropped onto a floor from a certain height. The collision is perfectly elastic and the
ball rebounds to the same height and again falls. Find the average force exerted by the ball on the floor
during long time interval.
8. A body of mass m makes an elastic collision with another identical body at rest. Show that if the
collision is not head on, the bodies go at right angle to each other after the collision.

9. The distance between the centres of carbon and oxygen atoms in the carbon monoxide gas molecule
is 1.13Å. Locate the centre of mass of the gas molecule relative to the carbon atom.

10. Show that, in the case of an elastic collision of a particle of mass m1 with a particle of mass m2, initially
at rest, (a) the maximum angle m through which m1 can be deflected by the 0   m   / 2 when m1 >
m2 (b) 1  2   / 2 , so that m1 = m2 (c) 1 can take on all values between 0 and  when m1 < m2 .

11. Three particles of masses 0.5 kg, 1.0 kg and 1.5 kg are placed at the three corners of a right angled
triangle of sides 3.0 cm, 4.0 cm and 5.0 cm as shown in the figure. Locate the centre of mass of the
system.
1.5kg

5cm
3cm

0.50kg 4cm 1.0kg

12. Half of the square plate shown in the figure is made of a material of density 1 and the other half of
density 2. The length of the plate is L. Locate the centre of mass of the plate.
 EXERCISE 4
1. A particle of mass m is projected at an angle of 60° with a velocity of 20 m/s relative to the ground from
a plank of same mass m which is placed on smooth surface. Initially plank was at rest. The
minimum length of the plank for which the ball will fall on the plank itself is :

(A) 40 3 m (B) 20 3 m (C) 10 3 m (D) 60 3 m

2. Two identical blocks having mass M each are smoothly conjugated and placed on a smooth
horizontal floor as shown in fig. On left of block A, there is a wall. A small block of mass m is released
from the position shown in the fig. Velocity of block B is maximum,
(A) When m is at highest position on B
(B) When m is at lowest position & moving towards left.
(C) When m is at point C

m 2 gh
m .
(D) is equal to h 450
mM
C
3. A wedge of mass M rests on a horizontal surface. The inclination of the wedgeM is  . A ball
B of mass 'm'
M
A
moving horizontally with speed 'u' hits the inclined face of the wedge inelastically and after hitting slides
up the inclined face of the wedge. The velocity of the wedge just after the collision is (Neglect any
friction) :

u m
M


m u Sin  m u Cos  m u Sin 2  m u Cos 2 

(A) (B) (C) (D)
M + m Sin  M + m Cos  M + m Sin 2  M + m Cos 2 
4. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 in projectile motion have collision at time t0 .Their
 
velocities become v1 and v2 at time 2t0 while still moving in air . The value of change in
momentum of the system during the time interval from t0 to 2 t0 is :

(A) Zero (B)  m1  m2  gt0 (C) 2  m1  m2  gt0 (D) 12 (m1 + m2 ) g t0

5. The particles attract each other and are permitted to move towards each other along the line joining
their centres of mass. At a particular moment of time their speed are v and 2v. What is the speed of
their common centre of mass at this instant ?
(A) zero (B) 1.5v (C) v (D) 3v
6. A projectile of mass 3 m explodes at highest point of its path. It breaks into three equal parts. One part
retraces its path, the second one comes to rest. The range of the projectile was 100 m if no explosion
would have taken place. The distance of the third part from the point of projection when it finally lands
on the ground is :
(A) 100 m (B) 150 m (C) 250 m (D) 300

7. Two persons standing on a floating boat run in succession along its length with a speed 4.2 m/s relative
 m
(A) moves with a velocity V
M
Vm
(B) moves with a velocity cos θ in the horizontal direction
M
VM  m 
(C) remains at rest (D) moves with a velocity M  m  in the horizontal direction.
15. A semicircular portion of radius 'r' is cut from a uniform rectangular plate as shown in the figure. The
distance of centre of mass C of remaining plate from O is :

O
C

2r 3r 2r 2r
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3  2(4  ) 4 3(4  )
16. A thin uniform wire is bent to form the two equal sides AB and AC of triangle ABC, where AB = AC
= 5cm. The third side BC of length 6 cm is made from uniform wire of twice the density of the first. The
distance of centre of mass from A is :
34 11 34 11
(A) cm (B) cm (C) cm (D) cm
11 34 9 45
17. Two particles of equal mass have initial velocities 2î m / s and 2ˆj m / s . First particle has an acceleration
( î  ˆj ) m/s2, while the acceleration of the second particle is zero. The centre of mass of the two
particles moves in :
(A) circle (B) parabola (C) ellipse (D) straight line
18. Two particles bearing mass ratio n : 1 are interconnected by a light inextensible string that passes
over a smooth pulley. If the system is released, then the acceleration of the centre of mass of the
system is :
2 2
 n 1  n 1  n 1
(A) (n –1) g 2
(B)   g (C)   g (D)  g
 n 1  n 1  n 1
19. A ball of mass m is released from A inside a smooth wedge of mass m as shown in the figure.
What is the speed of the wedge when the ball reaches point B?

1/ 2 1/ 2
 gR   5gR  3
(A)   (B) 2gR (C)   (D) gR
3 2  2 3 2
20. Two blocks of mass m1 and m2 are connected by light inextensible string passing over smooth fixed pulley
of negligible mass. The acceleration of the centre of the system when blocks move under gravity is :
2 2
 m 2  m1   m1  m 2   m  m   m1  m 2 
(A)  m  m g (B)  m  m g (C)  2 1
 g (D)   g
 1 2   1 2  m
 2  m1   m 1  m 2 
21. A man of mass M stands at one end of a plank of length L which lies at rest on a frictionless surface.
The man walks to the other end of the plank. If the mass of the plank is 3M, the distance that the man
moves relative to the ground is :
 2M  V 
(A) the maximum compression in the spring is  
k 3

2h
(B) man lands at horizontal distance V from initial position of the block
g
(C) right block loses contact with wall when the elongation in spring is maximum
(D) velocity of centre of mass of two blocks after 2M loses contact with wall is V 6
29. A ball rolls off a horizontal table with velocity v0 = 5 m/s . The ball bounces elastically from a
vertical wall at a horizontal distance D (= 8) m from the table, as shown in figure. The ball then
strikes the floor a distance x0 from the table (g = 10 m/s2). The value of x0 is :

v0=5m/s

h=20m

x0
D
(A) 6 m (B) 4 m (C) 5 m (D) 7 m
30. Two balls A and B having masses 1 kg and 2 kg, moving with speeds 21 m/s and 4 m/s respectively
in opposite direction, collide head on. After collision A moves with a speed of 1 m/s in the same
direction then choose the incorrect statement.
(A) Velocity of B after collision is 6 m/s opposite to its initial direction of motion.
(B) The co-efficient of restitution is 0.2
(C) The loss of K.E due to collision is 200 J
(D) The impulse of the force between the two balls is 40 Ns
31. Particle A of mass m experiences a perfectly elastic collision with a stationary particle B of mass M.
After the collision (head-on) the particles fly apart in opposite directions with equal velocities. Then :
m m m m 1
(A) 1 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 
M M M M 3
32. Three particles A, B,C of equal mass move with equal speed v along the medians of an equilateral
triangle. They collide at the centroid of the triangle and A comes to rest after collision while B
retraces its path with speed v . The velocity of C will be :
v
(A) Zero (B) in the direction of A
2
(C) v in the same direction as that of B (D) v in the direction opposite to that of B
33. A ball of mass m approaches a wall of mass M ( M>>m) with speed of 4 m/s along the normal to the
wall. The speed of wall is 1 m/s towards the ball. The speed of the ball just after an elastic collision
 EXERCISE 5
1. A man of mass m moves on a plank of mass M with a constant velocity u rel . with respect to the plank,
as shown in figure.

m urel

M
L

(i) If the plank rests on a smooth horizontal surface, then determine its velocity with respect
to ground.
(ii) If the man travels a distance L with respect to the plank, then find the distance travelled by
the plank with respect to ground.

2. Two identical blocks A and B of mass M each are kept on each other on a smooth horizontal plane.
There exists friction between A and B. If a bullet of mass m hits the lower block with a horizontal
velocity v and gets embedded into it. Find the work done by friction between A and B.

3. A 75.2 kg man is riding on a 38.6 kg cart travelling at a speed of 2.33 m/s. He jumps off in such a way
as to land on the ground with zero horizontal speed. Find the resulting change in the speed of the cart.

4. A ball is dropped from a height h above the landing and bounces down the flight of stairs. Denoting by
e the coefficient of restitution, determine the value of h for which the ball will bounce the same height
above each step.

5. Sphere of mass m1 = 3 kg impinges with a velocity of 7 m/s directly on another sphere of mass
m2 = 5 kg. The velocities after impact are in the ratio 2 : 3. Find the coefficient of restitution and loss of
energy.

6. A projectile is fired with a speed u at an angle  above a horizontal field. The coefficient of restitution
of collision between the projectile and the field is e. How far from the starting point, does the projectile
makes its second collision with the field?

7. Two particles A and B of equal mass m each are attached by a string of length 2l and initially placed
over a smooth horizontal table in the position shown in figure. Particle B is projected across the table
with speed u perpendicular to AB as shown in figure. Find the velocities of each particle after the string
becomes taut and the magnitude of the impulsive tension.
15. Two equal uniform, smooth spheres of mass m are at rest in contact on a smooth horizontal table. A
third uniform smooth sphere, of the same radius but of mass 3m, moves on the table with speed u in a
direction perpendicular to the line of centres of the other two spheres and strikes them simultaneously.
The coefficient of restitution between any two spheres is e. Find
(a) the speeds of the three spheres after impact,
(b) the magnitude and direction of the impulse received by each sphere.

16. Two smooth spheres A and B of equal radius and mass are moving on a horizontal table with velocity
vectors î  2 ĵ, 3î  ĵ respectively and collide when the line joining their centres is parallel to î . Find
the velocity vectors of A and B after the impact if (a) e = 1/2, (b) e = 1, (c) the collision is inelastic.

17. A uniform smooth sphere moving with speed V on a horizontal surface strikes a stationary identical
sphere, the direction of motion being at 60° to the line of centres at impact. If the coefficient of
restitution between the spheres is 1/2, find the speed of the second sphere immediately after impact.

18. In the figure shown, a ball of mass m collides perpendicularly on a smooth stationary wedge of mass
M. If the coefficient of restitution of collision is e (< 1) then determine the velocity of the wedge after
collision.
 m1 1
(A)  and the particles fly apart in the opposite direction with equal velocities.
m2 2
m1 1
(B)  and the particles fly apart in the opposite direction with equal velocities.
m2 3
m1 2
(C)  and the collision angle between the particles is 60° symmetrically..
m2 1
m1 2
(D)  and the particles fly apart symmetrically at an angle 90°
m2 1
7. Two equal spheres of mass m are in contact on a smooth horizontal table. A third identical sphere
impinges symmetrically on them and reduces to rest. Then :
2
(A) Coefficient of restitution is e  .
3
1
(B) Loss of kinetic energy is mu 2 where u is velocity before impact.
6
u
(C) After the collision, velocity of spheres of equal mass is
3
1 2
(D) Loss of kinetic energy is mu
3
8. A ball falls freely from a height h on to a smooth inclined plane forming an angle  with the horizontal.
Assume the impact to be elastic. Then :

(A) V0sin remains unchanged (where V0 = velocity with which it strikes the plane)
(B) Time of flight (T) for each collision remains unchanged.
(C) Range on plane goes on increasing
(D) Range on the plane goes on decreasing.

9. A microscopic particle collides with another stationary microscopic particle of the same mass. The
angle of divergence is/are :

(A) Equals , when the collision is ideally elastic.
2

(B) Less than , when the collision is inelastic.
2

(C) Always , independent of the nature of collision.
2

(D) Always less than and depends on the collision
4
10. If the external forces acting on a system have zero resultant, the centre of mass :
(A) must not move (B) must not accelerate
(C) may move (D) may accelerate
11. A solid cone and a solid sphere is arranged as shown in the figure. The centre of mass is :
 2V
(A) the velocity of the man + ball system after the man has collected the ball is
3
MV
(B) impulse by ball on man is 3
MV
(C) impulse by ball on man is 6
4D
(D) the catches the ball again at t = V
17. A variable force acts on a particle of mass m (initially at rest) from t = 0 to t = t 0. The plot of F
versus t is a semi-circle as shown in figure. Which of the following is correct?

(A) Impulse imparted to the particle is infinite

1 2
(B) Impulse imparted to the particle is F0
2
F02
(C) the velocity acquired by the particle is
2m
2
F
(D) The momentum gain is 0
2
18. Two small balls A and B of mass M and 3M hang from the ceiling by strings of equal length. The
ball is drawn aside so that it is raised to a height H. If the ball A is released and collides with ball
B. Select the correct answer(s).

(A) If collision is perfectly elastic, ball B will rise to a height H/4

(B) If the collision is perfectly elastic ball A will rise upto a height H/4
(C) If the collision is perfectly inelastic, the combined mass will rise to a height H/16
(D) If the collision is perfectly inelastic, the combined mass will rise to a height H/4.

19. A ball of mass 1 kg strikes a wedge of mass 4 kg horizontally with a velocity of 10 m/s. Just after
collision velocity of wedge becomes 4 m/s. Friction is absent everywhere and collision is elastic.
Select the correct alternative(s).

(A) speed of ball after collision is 6 m/s

(B) speed of ball after collision is 8 m/s
(C) impulse between ball and wedge during collision is 16 N-s
(D) impulse between ball and wedge during collision is 32 N-s
20. A ball A collides elastically with an another identical ball B with velocity 10 m/s at an angle of 30°
from the line joining their centres C1 and C2. Select the correct alternative(s).

(A) velocity of ball A after collision is 5 m/s

(B) velocity of ball B after collision is 5 3 m / s
(C) both the balls move at right angles after collision
(D) kinetic energy will not be conserved here, because collision is not head on
29. Statement-1 : The kinetic energy of particle cannot be changed with out charging its momentum
Statement-2 : The momentum of a particle can be changed with out changing its kinetic energy

30. Statement 1 : Momentum of a system of particles remains constant in a non-inertial refference frame
when net external force (including inertial forces) is equal to zero.
uur
r dp r
Statement 2 : F  , (where F is resultant of all external forces and P is momentum of system) is
dt
r
applicable even in non-inertial refference frames if F includes the inertial forces along with real
forces.
31. Statement 1 :
A quick collision between two bodies is more violent than slow collision, even when initial and
final velocities are identical.
Statement 2 :
The rate of change of momentum determines that the force is small or large.

32. Statement 1 :
A race car travelling around a circular track have a non-zero impulse.
Statement 2 :
The impulse is zero only when there is no net change in momentum.

33. Statement 1 :
In a two body collision, the momenta of the particle are equal and opposite to one another,
before as well as after the collision when measured in the center of mass frame.
Statement 2 :
The momentum of the system is zero from the centre of mass frame.

34. Statement 1 :
If collision occurs between two elastic bodies their kinetic energy decreases during the time of
collision.
Statement 2 :
During collision intermolecular space decreases and hence elastic potential energy increases.

35. Statement 1 :
The centre of mass and centre of gravity of a body are two different positions in general.
Statement 2 :
The centre of mass and centre of gravity of a body coincide if gravitational field is uniform.

36. Statement 1 :
Two balls make a head on collision w.r.t. one frame. Coefficient of restitution is measured to
be e. Then coefficient of restitution is same w.r.t. all frames.
Statement 2 :
Coefficient of restitution is equal to one for perfectly elastic collision.
43. A block of mass m is moved towards a movable wedge of mass M = km and height h with velocity u
(All the surface are smooth). If the block just reaches the top of the wedge, the value of u is :

2ghK 2gh (1  K )  1
(A) 2gh (B) (C) (D) 2gh 1  
1 K K  K
44. Two equal spheres A and B lie on a smooth horizontal circular groove at opposite ends of a diameter.
A projected along the groove and at the end of time t impinges on B. If e is the coefficient of restitution,
the second impact will occur after a time
(A) 2t (B) 2et (C) 2t/e (D) 2t/e2

45. In Q. No. 37, if the particles collides, then the position where collision occurs is
(A) (î  ˆj) (B) (11î  10ˆj) (C) (11î  11ĵ) (D) (11î  11ˆj)
Write Up -2
Momentum of a system is a conserved quantity. It remains conserved as energy whether external
forces are present or not. If external forces are absent the total momentum of system of particles
remain constant. If external forces are acting on a system, still the momentum of system remains
conserved,
From newton’s IInd law
dp
F  dp = Fdt
dt
dp = Fdt
If constant force F acts for a time, then
t

P = F If a variable force acts for a time t,  dp   Fdt

0

 dp = Initial momentum + momentum imparted = Final momentum

If applied force is opposite to the direction of v1 then we have mv1 – Ft = mv2
46. A boy of mass m kg boards a trolley of mass 2 m moving with constant speed u along a horizontal
track (Neglect friction). If boy jumps vertically up w.r.t. the trolley to catch hold of branch of a tree.
The speed of trolley after the boy has jumped off is :
(A) u (B) 2u (C) u/2 (D) 3u/4
47. A neutron is moving with velocity u. It collides head on and elastically with an atom of mass number A.
If the initial K. E. of neutron is E. Kinetic energy retained by neutron after collision :
2 2 2 2
 A   A   A 1   1 A 
(A)   E (B)   E (C)   E (D)   E
 A 1  A 1   A 1  A 1
48. A body of mass 5 kg moves along the X axis with a velocity of 2 m/s. A second body of mass 10 kg
moves along the Y axis with a velocity of 3 m/s. They collide and stick together. The final velocity of
combined mass after collision is :
4 5 6 8
(A) m /s (B) m/s (C) m/s (D) m/s
3 3 3 3
57. In the collision process , while the spring is getting compressed, for the system (A+B+spring) :
(A) Both linear momentum and kinetic energy are conserved
(B) Both linear momentum and mechanical energy are conserved
(C) Linear momentum is conserved but mechanical energy is not conserved
(D) Neither the linear momentum nor the mechanical energy remain conserved

58. The velocity of block A at the time of separating from the spring :
   
(A) 2.5 i m / s (B) 1.8 i m / s (C) 3.6 i m / s (D) 3.4 i m / s
Write Up -6
A ball of mass m = 1 kg is hung vertically by a thread of length  = 1.50 metre. Upper end of the
thread is attached to the ceiling of a trolley of mass M = 4 kg. Initially, trolley is stationary and it
is free to move along horizontal rails without friction. A shell of mass m = 1 kg, moving horizontally
with velocity v0 = 6 m/s, collides with the ball and gets stuck with it. As a result, thread starts to
deflect towards right. (g = 10 m/s2)

59. Velocity of combined mass 2m just after collision is :

(A) 3 m/sec (B) 6 m/sec (C) 1 m/sec (D) 1.5 m/sec
60. Velocity of the trolley, at the time of maximum deflection of the ball is :
(A) 3 m/sec (B) 6 m/sec (C) 1 m/sec (D) 1.5 m/sec
61. Maximum inclination of thread with the vertical is :
(A) 30° (B) 37° (C) 45° (D) 53°
Write Up 7
Impulse of a force on a body is equal to the product of force and time interval in which it is
applied on the body. Impulse is also equal to the change in momentum of the body. In the figure
W1 and W2 are two fixed vertical edges at right angles. A disc of mass m moving on a smooth
horizontal plane undergoes two elastic collision with both edges at a time interval of 2t. Before
collisions disc was moving with speed v0 in direction shown in the figure and it remains in contact
with each edge for the time interval t. Impact force acts along the common normal.
W2

x
v0
60º
W1

62. The final velocity of the disc is :

 v0 v 3  v0 3 v  v0 3 v v0 v 3
(A) x̂  0 ŷ (B) x̂  0 ŷ (C) x̂  0 ŷ (D) x̂  0 ŷ
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Write Up -9
A wedge ABC and a block are placed as shown in the figure. There is no friction at any surface.

72. Displacement of wedge ABC when 2 kg block reaches the point B :

(A) 1.6 m (B) 2 m (C) 1.5 m (D) 1.2 m
73. A person observes the 2 kg block from ground. He will observe that:
(A) 2 kg block is moving at angle of 37° below horizontal
(B) 2 kg block is moving at angle more than 37° below horizontal
(C) 2 kg blocks is moving at angle 90° with horizontal
(D) 2 kg block is moving along horizontal direction
74. Choose incorrect statement.
(A) centre of mass of 2 kg block will move horizontally
(B) centre of mass of 2 kg block will move vertically
(C) centre of mass of whole system will move horizontally
(D) centre of mass of whole system will move vertically
Write Up -10
A 100 kg uniform plank AB of length 20 m is placed on smooth horizontal surface. A boy of
mass 25 kg is on edge A and start moving from A to B with constant velocity of 0.5 m/sec w.r.t
the plank.

75. Displacement of boy w.r.t. ground when boy reaches edge B :

(A) 20 m (B) 16 m (C) 15 m (D) 12 m
76. Velocity of plank is :
(A) 10 cm/sec (B) 12.5 cm/sec (C) 25 cm/sec (D) 50 cm/sec
77. Choose incorrect statement.
(A) Momentum of whole system is conserved
(B) momentum of boy can’t remain conserved because of friction between plank and boy
(C) momentum of plank can’t remain conserved because of friction between plank and boy
(D) position of centre of mass of whole system will change along positive x direction.
Write Up -11
A ball of mass 10 kg strikes the horizontal rough surface (m = 0.1) at angle 37ŗ with vertical.
Collision is in elastic e = 0.8. Velocity of particle before collision is 20m/sec. Time of contact during
collision is 0.2 sec.
 (C) (r) Velocity of separation is v1cos + v2sin

(D) (s) Velocity of approach is u1cos + u2sin

86. In the arrangement shown in figure, ball and block have the same mass m = 1kg each,  = 60° and
length  = 2.50 m. Coefficient of friction between block and floor is 0.5. When the ball is released
from the position shown in the figure, it collides with the block and the block stops after moving
a distance 2.50 m.

Column 1 Column 2
(Values are given in respective units)
(A) velocity of ball just before collision (m/sec) (p) 5
(B) velocity of block just after collision (m/sec) (q) 3
(C) velocity of block after travelling 1.6 m (m/sec) (r) 1
(D) coefficient of restitution (dimensionless) (s) 0

87. A pan of mass m = 1.5 kg and a block of mass M = 3 kg are connected with each other by a
flexible, light and inextensible string, passing over a small, light and frictionless pulley. Initially the
block is resting over a horizontal floor as shown in figure. At t = 0, an inelastic ball of mass
m0 = 0.5 kg collides with the pan with velocity v0 = 16 m/s (vertically downward) (g = 10 m/s2)

Column 1 Column 2
(Values given are only in respective dimensions)
(A) velocity of pan (m/sec) just after collision (p) 0.64
(B) acceleration (m/sec2) of pan just after collision (q) 1.6
(C) max. height rise (m) of block (r) 2
(D) time (sec) at which block strikes the floor (s) 9.8
92. Two particles A and B of masses 2kg and 1 kg respectively are placed on a smooth horizontal
surface at distance L. They are connected by string of length 2L. Particle B is given velocity
10 3 m/sec perpendicular to line AB.

Column I Column II
(values given are in respective units)
(A) speed of particle A (p) 10

(B) speed of particle B (q) 5

10
(C) impulse in the string (r)
3
(D) velocity of centre of mass (s) 10 3
 EXERCISE 8
1. Consider the following two statements :
(a) Linear momentum of a system of particles is zero.
(b) Kinetic energy of a system of particle is zero.
Then [AIEEE-2003]
(A) A does not impty B and B does not imply
(B) A implies B but B does not imply A
(C) A does not imply B but B implies A
(D) A implies B and B implies A
2. A mass ‘m’ moves with a velocity ‘v’ and collides inelastically with another identical mass. After
v
collision the Ist mass moves with velocity in a direction perpendicular to the initial direction of
3
motion. Find the speed of 2nd mass after collision. [AIEEE-2005]

c/ 3
after collision
m m
before collision
v 2
(A) 3v (B) v (C) (D) v
3 3
3. The block of mass M moves on the frictionless horizontal surface collides with the spring of spring
constant K and compresses it by length L. The maximum momentum of the block after collision
is [AIEEE-2005]

KL2 ML2
(A) (B) MK L (C) (D) zero
2M K
4. A body A of mass M while falling vertically downwards under gravity breaks into two parts; a body b
1 2
of mass M and a body C of mass M. The centre of mass of bodies B and C taken together shifts
3 3
compared to that of body A towards [AIEEE-2005]
(A) does not shift (B) depends on height at which it breaks
(C) body B (C) body C

5. A bomb of mass 16kg at rest explodes into two pieces of masses 4kg and 12kg. The velocity of the
12kg mass is 4ms–1. The kinetic energy of the other mass is [AIEEE-2006]
(A) 144 J (B) 288 J (C) 192 J (D) 96 J
6. Consider a two particle system with particles having masses m1 and m2. If the first particle is pushed
towards the centre of mass through a distance d, by what distance should the second particle be
moved, so as to keep the centre of mass at the same position – [AIEEE 2006]
 EXERCISE 8
9
IIT-JEE OBJECTIVE FLASH BACK
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (Only one option is correct)
1. Two particles A and B initially at rest, move towards each other under their mutual force of attraction.
At the instant when the speed of A is V and the speed of B is 2V, the speed of the centre of mass of the
system is : [1982, 3M]
(A) 3V (B) V (C) 1.5 V (D) zero
2. A ball hits the floor and rebounds after an inelastic collision. In this case : [1986, 2M]
(A) the momentum of the ball just after the collision is the same as that just before the collision
(B) the mechanical energy of the ball remains the same in the collision
(C) the total momentum of the ball and the earth is conserved
(D) the total energy of the ball and the earth is conserved
3. A shell is fired from a cannon with a velocity v(m/s) at an angle  with the horizontal direction. At the
highest point in its path it explodes into two pieces of equal mass. One of the pieces retraces its path to
the cannon and the speed (m/s) of the other piece immediately after the explosion is :
3 3
(A) 3v cos  (B) 2v cos  (C) v cos  (D) v cos 
2 2
[1986, 2M]
4. An isolated particle of mass m is moving in horizontal plane (x-y), along the x-axis, at a certain height
above the ground. It suddenly explodes into two fragment of masses m/4 and 3m/4. An instant later,
the smaller fragment is at y = +15 cm. The larger fragment at this instant is at : [1997C, 1M]
(A) y = –5cm (B) y = + 20 cm (C) y = + 5 cm (D) y = – 20 cm
5. Two particles of masses m1 and m2 in projectile motion have velocities v1 < v2 respectively at time
 
t = 0. They collide at time t0. Their velocities become v1' and v '2 at time 2t0 while still moving in air. The
   
value of | (m1v1'  m 2 v '2 )  (m1v1  m 2 v 2 ) | is : [2001, S]
1
(A) zero (B) (m1 + m2)gt0 (C) 2(m1 + m2)gt0 (D) ( m1  m 2 )gt 0
2
6. Two blocks of masses 10 kg and 4 kg are connected by a spring of negligible mass and placed on a
frictionless horizontal surface. An impulse gives a velocity of 14 m/s to the heavier block in the direction
of the lighter block. The velocity of the centre of mass is : [2002, S]
(A) 30 m/s (B) 20 m/s (C) 10 m/s (D) 5 m/s
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS (More than one options are correct)
7. Two blocks A and B each of mass m, are connected by a massless spring of natural length L and spring
constant k. The blocks are initially resting on a smooth horizontal floor with the spring at its natural
length, as shown in figure. A third identical block C, also of mass m, moves on the floor with a speed
v along the line joining A and B, and collides elastically with A. Then : [1993, 2M]
(A) the kinetic energy of the A-B system, at maximum compression of the spring, is zero
(B) the kinetic energy of the A-B system, at maximum compression of the spring, is mv2/4
(C) the maximum compression of the spring is v m / K
m
(D) the maximum compression of the spring is v
2K
Paragraph (Questions numbers 14 to 16)
A small block of mass M moves on a frictionless surface of an inclined plane, as shown in figure.
The angle of the incline suddenly changes from 60º to 30º at point B. The block is initially at rest
at A. Assume that collisions between the block and the incline are totally inelastic (g = 10m/s2)
Figure. [IIT-2008]
AM
v
60º B

30º C
3m 3 3m

14. The speed of the block at point B immediately after it strikes the second incline is
(A) 60 m/s (B) 45 m/s (C) 30 m/s (D) 15 m/s
15. The speed of the block at point C, immediately before it leaves the second incline is
(A) 120 m/s (B) 105 m/s (C) 90 m/s (D) 75 m/s
16. If collision between the block and the incline is completely elastic, then the vertical (upward)
component of the velocity of the block at point B, immediately after it strikes the second incline is
(A) 30 m/s (B) 15 m/s (C) 0 (D)  15 m/s
y
17. Look at the drawing given in the figure which has been drawn with ink of uniform
line-thickness. The mass of ink used to draw each of the two inner circles, and
each of the two lines segments is m. The mass of the ink used to draw the outer
x
circle is 6m. The coordinates of the centres of the different parts are : outer
circle (0, 0), left inner circle (–a, a), right inner circle (a, a), vertical line (0, 0)
and horizontal line (0, –a). The y-coordinate of the centre of mass of the ink in
this drawing is- [IIT - 2009]
a a a a
(A) (B) (C) (D)
10 8 12 3

v A
18. Two small particles of equal masses start moving in opposite directions from 2v
a point A in a horizontal circular orbit. Their tangential velocities are v and
2v, respectively, as shown in the figure. Between collisions, the particles
move with constant speeds. After making how many collisions, other than
that at A, these two particles will again reach the point A ? [IIT - 2009]
(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 1
19. If the resultant of all the external forces acting on a system of particles is zero, then from an inertial
frame, one can surely say that [IIT - 2009]
(A) linear momentum of the system does not change in time
(B) kinetic energy of the system does not change in time
(C) angular momentum of the system does not change in time
(D) potential energy of the system does not change in time
22. Consider the spring-mass system, with the mass submerged in water,
as shown in the figure. The phase space diagram for one cycle of this
system is

23. A small mass m is attached to a massless string whose other end is fixed at P as shown in the
figure. The mass is undergoing circular motion in the x-y plane with center at O and constant
angular speed . If the angular momentum of the system, calculated about O and P are denoted
r r
by L0 and LP respectively, then z [IIT-2012]
r r
(A) L0 and L P do not vary with time P
r r
(B) L0 varies with time while LP remains constant
r r O m
(C) L0 remains constant while LP varies with time

r r
(D) L0 and L P both vary with time
24. The figure shows a system consisting of (i) a ring of outer radius 3R rolling clockwise slipping on
a horizontal surface with angular speed and (ii) an inner disc of 2R rotating and clockwise with
angular speed /2. The ring and disc are separated by frictionless ball bearings. The system is in
the x-z plane. The point P on the inner disc is at a distance R from the origin, where OP makes an
angle of 30º with the horizontal. Then with respect ot the horizontal surface, [IIT-2012]

(A) the point O has a linear velocity 3Rˆi

11 3
(B) the point P has a linear velocity Rˆi  Rkˆ
4 4
13 3
(C) the point P has a linear velocity Rˆi  Rkˆ
4 4
 3 ˆ 1 ˆ
(D) the point P has a linear velocity  3  4  R i  4 Rk
 
Paragraphs for Qus. 25 and 26
The general motion of a rigid body can be considered to be a combination of (i) a motion of
centre of mass about an axis and (ii) its motion about an instantaneous axis passing through
 EXERCISE 10
1. A circular plate of uniform thickness has a diameter of 56 cm. A circular portion of diameter 42 cm is
removed from one edge of the plate as shown in figure.

Find the position of the centre of mass of the remaining portion. [1980]

2. A body of mass 1 kg initially at rest, explodes and breaks into three fragments of masses in the ratio
1 : 1 : 3. The two pieces of equal mass fly-off perpendicular to each other with a speed of 30 m/s each.
What is the velocity of the heavier fragment? [1981, 3M]

3. Three particles A, B and C of equal mass move with equal speed V along the medians of an equilateral
triangle as shown in figure. They collide at the centroid G of the triangle. After the collision, A comes to
rest, B retraces its path with the speed V. What is the velocity of C? [1982, 2M]

4. A block of mass M with a semicircular track of radius R, rests on a horizontal frictionless surface. A
uniform cylinder of radius r and mass m is released from rest at the top point A (see figure). The
cylinder slips on the semicircular frictionless track. How far has the block moved when the cylinder
reaches the bottom (point B) of the track? How fast is the block moving when the cylinder reaches the
bottom of the track? [1983, 7M]
5. Two bodies A and B of masses m and 2m respectively are placed on a smooth floor. They are con-
nected by a spring. A third body C of mass m moves with velocity v0 along the line joining A and B and
collides elastically with A as shown in figure. At a certain instant of time t0 after collision, it is found that
the instantaneous velocities of A and B are the same. Further at this instant the compression of the
spring is found to be x0. Determine (i) the common velocity of A and B at time t0 and (ii) the spring
constant. [1984, 6M]

6. A ball of mass 100 g is projected vertically upwards from the ground with a velocity of 49 m/s. At the
same time another identical ball is dropped from a height of 98 m to fall freely along the same path as
that followed by the first ball. After some time the two balls collide and stick together and finally fall to
the ground. Find the time of flight of the masses. [1985, 8M]

7. A simple pendulum is suspended from a peg on a vertical wall. The pendulum is pulled away from the
wall to a horizontal position (see figure) and released. The ball hits the wall, the coefficient of restitution
2
being . What is the minimum number of collisions after which the amplitude of oscillations becomes
5
less than 60 degrees? [1987, 7M]

8. An object of mass 5 kg is projected with a velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 60° to the horizontal. At the
highest point of its path the projectile explodes and breaks up into two fragments of masses 1 kg and
4 kg. The fragments separate horizontally after the explosion. The explosion releases internal energy
such that the kinetic energy of the system at the highest point is doubled. Calculate the separation
between the two fragments when they reach the ground. [1990, 8M]

9. A block A of mass 2m is placed on another block B of mass 4m which in turn is placed on a fixed table.
The two blocks have a same length 4d and they are placed as shown in figure. The coefficient of
 the car with an initial velocity 100 m/s at an angle 30° with the horizontal. The first cannon ball hits the
stationary carriage after a time t0 and sticks to it. Determine t0.
At t0, the second cannon ball is fired. Assume that the resistive force between the rails and the carriage
is constant and ignore the vertical motion of the carriage throughout. If the second ball also hits and
sticks to the carriage, what will be the horizontal velocity of the carriage just after the second impact?
[2001, 10M]

16. A particle of mass m, moving in a circular path of radius R with a constant speed v2 is located at point
(2R, 0) at time t = 0 and a man starts moving with a velocity v1 along the positive y-axis from orign at
time t = 0. Calculate the linear momentum of the particle w.r.t. man as a function of time.
[2003, 2M]

17. Two point masses m1 and m2 are connected by a spring of natural length 0. The spring is compressed
such that the two point masses touch each other and then they are fastened by a string. Then the
system is moved with a velocity v0 along positive x-axis. When the system reaches the origin the string
breaks (t = 0). The position of the point mass m1 is given by x1  v 0 t  A(1  cos t ) where A and 
are constants. Find the position of the second block as a function of time. Also find the relation between
Aand0. [2003, 4M]

18. If n number of balls each of mass m collide elastically with the plate of mass M per second with a
velocity v elastically and reflect back. Find the velocity of balls such that plate is at equilibrium.
Given: n = 100, m = 0.01 kg, M = 3 kg [2006, 6M]
Q.9 A small ball falling vertically downward with constant velocity 4m/s strikes elastically a massive inclined
cart moving with velocity 4m/s horizontally as shown. Find the velocity of the rebound of the ball
(answer in multiple of 5 m/sec)

Q.10 Two balls of equal masses are projected upward simultaneously, one from the ground with speed
50 m/s and other from a 40 m high tower with initial speed 30 m/s. Find the maximum height (in metre)
attained by their centre of mass. (answer in multiple of 102)
 ANSWER SHEET
Exercise - 02
1. (A) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D)
5. (A) 6. (C) 7. (D) 8. (C)
9. (B) 10. (B) 11. (A) 12. (A)
13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (D) 16. (B)
17. (A) 18. (B) 19. (D) 20. (C)
21. (D) 22. (A) 23. (C) 24. (B)
25. (C) 26. (D) 27. (C) 28. (A)
29. (A)

Exercise - 03
1. 0.0167 N-s 2. I = 1.8 Ns, Favg = 1800 N, t = 0.001s 3. 5 m/s
4. speed will remain constant 5. 3 mv2 6. 1/2
7. mg 9. 0.64 Å 11. xCM = 4/3 , yCM = 3/2
2
12. xCM= 1+32 x / 4(1 + 2)
4R R
13. (i) from the centre on the axis of symetry.. (ii) from the centre on the axis of symetry..
3 2

8(b 2  a 2  ab) mL
14. 15. (12/5, 29/5) 16. 17. 0.75m 18. Centre of the lamina
3(a  b) Mm

Exercise - 04
1. (A) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (B)
5. (B) 6. (C) 7. (D) 8. (B)
9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (A)
13. (C) 14. (C) 15. (D) 16. (A)
17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (A) 20. (D)
21. (B) 22. (A) 23. (D) 24. (A)
25. (B) 26. (B) 27. (B) 28. (A) (D)
29. (A) 30. (D) 31. (D) 32. (C)
33. (D) 34. (C)

Exercise - 05
mu rel ML 1 M m2V2
1. (i) , (ii) 2.
mM mM 2 (m  2M) 2
d
3. Increases by 4.54 m/s 4.
1  e2
(1  e)u 2 sin 2
5. e = 1/7, 45 J 6.
g
 Exercise - 09
Objective Questions (Only one option)
1. (D) 2. (C) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (C)
Objective Questions (More than one option)
7. (B, D) 8. (A, D)
Fill in the Blanks
3
9. mv 2 10. 5 10 3
2
True/False
11. F
Assertion/Reason
12. B 13.C
Paragraph
14. B 15.B 16. C
17. A 18. B 19. A 20. D
21. C 22. A 23. C 24. AB
25. A 26. D

Exercise - 10
1. 9 cm from centre of bigger circle (leftwards) 2. 10 2 m / s at 45
3. Velocity of C is V in a direction opposite to velocity of B.
m(R  r ) 2g ( R  r ) V0 2mV02
4. ,m 5. (i) , (ii) 6. 6.53 s 7. 4 8. 44.25 m
Mm M (M  m) 3 3x 02
5 x2 y2
9. (a) 6gd , (b) 6d 3 10. (i) Straight line, (ii) 2
  1, ellipse
2 L  r2
  r
2 

2mv  2mv  4mv

11. (L + 2R, 0) 12. (a) ( 3 î  k̂ ),   mg k̂ , (b) h
3 t  3 t  3  t

13. 105 m 14. e = 0.84, M = 15.12 kg

v2  v 
15. 12 s, 15.75 m/s 16.  mv 2 sin tî  m v 2 cos 2 t  v1  ĵ
R  R 

m1 m 
17. x 2  v0 t  A(1  cos t ), 0   1  1A 18. 10 m/s
m2  m2 

Exercise - 11
Q.1 8 Q.2 2 Q.3 5 Q.4 3 Q.5 4 Q.6 5 Q.7 2
Q.8 1 Q.9 4 Q.10 1