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INTRODUCTION

1. Margaret Thatcher was Britain’s first female Prime Minister and served three
consecutive terms in office. She is one of the dominant political figure of 20th century
Britain, and she continues to have a huge influence.

2. Margaret Hilda Roberts was born on 13th October 1925 in Grantham, Lincolnshire under
the sign of Libra. She went to Oxford University and became a research chemist but
Chemistry took second place to Politics in her future plans.

3. In 1951 she married a wealthy businessman, Denis Thatcher, with whom she had twins.

4. Thatcher became Conservative member of parliament for Finchley in North London in

1975.She served a number of positions in Edward Heath’s cabinet in 1970 the secretary of
Education, in 1979 won general election and became United Kingdom’s first female
Priminister . Thatcher’s economic policies were guide Great Britain to the prosperity.
Thatcher was nicknamed the ‘Iron Lady ’by the Soviets. In 28 th November 1990,she agreed
to resign and in 1992,Thatcher left the house of Lords as Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven.

5. In February 2007 Thatcher became the first living United kingdom Prime Minister.

6. On the American Independence day 04th July 2011 Lady Thatcher was to attend but was
unable to attend due to frail health.

AIM

7. The aim of this presentation is to brief the leadership qualities of former Prime Minister
of England – Margaret Thatcher (Iron Lady).

CHRONOLOGY
1925 OCT 13 Margaret Thatcher was born as second child to Alfred &Beatrice
Roberts
1943 Oct Thatcher began her Chemistry degree at Somerville College
Oxford
1946 Oct Thatcher was elected as the president of student conservative
association at Oxford University
1947 Jan Thatcher completed 2nd part of her Chemistry degree
1949 Jan 31 Margaret Thatcher selected as conservative for Dart ford

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1950 General Election:Thatcher defeated at Dartford

1951 General Election: Thatcher defeated at Dartford
1951 Dec 13 Marriage of Margaret Roberts and Denis Thatcher.
1953 Aug 15 Birth of Carol and Mark Thatcher
1953 Thatcher Qualified as a barrister.
1959 Oct 08 General Election :Thatcher elected as an member of parliament.
1965 Margaret Thatcher moved to shadow housing and land
1967 Thatcher appointed to shadow cabinet
1970 June 19 Thatcher became secretary of state for Education and Science.
1975 Feb 11 Margaret Thatcher elected conservative leader of the opposition.

1979 May 04 Margaret Thatcher appointed Prime Minister by the General

election

1983 Jan 09 General Election: Conservative Government formed

1987 Jan 11 General Election: Conservative Government formed

1990 Nov28 Margaret Thatcher resigned as Prime minister

1993 Thatcher was honorary chancellor the college of Williams and

Mary and the University of Berkinham.

2003 Jan 26 Sir Denis Thatcher died.

2011 April 29 Thatcher was invited the Royal wedding but didn’t attend due to ill
health.

2011 Jan 04 Thatcher was attended American’s Independence Day

EARLY LIFE
8. Margaret Hilden Roberts was born on 13th October 1925 in Granthem which is a small market
town in Eastern England. Her Parents Alfred and Beatrice Roberts were methodists and Roberts
family was lived within the closed community of the local congregation bounded by strong
traditions of self help, charitable work ,personal truthfulness.

9.Little Margaret Roberts attended a local state school which was Kesteven and Granthem Girls
school and after that she studied Chemistry at Somerville College 1943-1947 and won a place at
Oxford University But Chemistry took second place to Politics in Margaret Thatcher’s future

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plans. Conservative politics had always been a feature of her home life. Thatcher’s father was a
local cancelation Grantham and she spent her little ages with her parents. Margaret Thatcher is
the younger of two daughters. She often gave her father as an example of and outstanding
citizen. She interests in music, art, opera and reading.

10.Margaret Thatcher met her husband in Dart ford too. Denis Thatcher is a local businessman
who ranhis family firm before becoming an executive in the oil industry.13 th December1951 they
married Mark and Carol Thatcher twins were born to couple in 1953.

POLITICAL LIFE
11. Margaret Roberts was elected president of the student Conservative Association at Oxford
University and met many prominent politicians. In her mid twenties she ran as the Conservative
candidate for the strong labor seat at Dart ford at the General elections of 1950 and 1951.She got
national publicity as the youngest woman candidate in the country. She spoke easily with force
and confidence on issues that mattered to the voters. Matters were the increasing level of
taxation, shortages, and state regulations but she lost both times to Norman Dodds.

12.During the campaigns, she was supported by her parents and by Denis Thatcher, whom she
married in December 1951.In 1950 she was trained as lawyers specializing in taxation and in
1953 she qualified as a barrister. She won the seat after a hard campaign in the 1959 Election and
was elected as a Member of the Parliament. In 19561 Thatcher was promoted to the front bench
as Parliament Undersecretary at the Ministry of Pensions and National Insurance. After the loss
of 1964 election she became Conservative spokesman on Housing and Land and in 1966she
moved to the shadow treasury team. In 1967 she was selected by the united States embassy in
London to a professional exchange program. In 1970 the Conservative party won the General
Election and Thatcher was appointed Secretary of States for Education and Science.
Conservative party was defeated in 1974 General Election. That time Thatcher mounted a for the
leadership of the party in 1975. The Conservatives won a 44-seat majority in the House of
Commons and Margaret Thatcher became the first United Kingdom’s first female Prime
Minister on 04 May 1979.

13. Thatcherism refers to Thatcher’s economic policies while Prime Minister 1979 to 1990. It
consists of privatization of public money ,free market supply side economics ,tax reduction,
artificial manipulation of the money supply to reduce inflation ,reining of trade union influence
and power.

14. Thatcher’s chief goals in power were to reverse Britain’s economic decline and to reduce the
range of states as well as standing taller on the national stage. Thatcher started by increasing
interest rates to drive down inflation which hit the manufacturing sector and caused
unemployment to rise sharply and there was a deep recession but inflation was rising and

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interest rates had to be raised to control it. By the end of Margaret Thatcher’s first term,
unemployment in Britain was more than three million and it began to fall only in 1986.

15.By the General Election in 1983, Conservatives got majority by 144 seats. The second term
was opened with almost as many difficulties as the first .The minor’s strike was one of the most
violent and long lasting in British history. The outcome was certain ,many turns in the roads, the
union was defeated.In Octomber1984 when the strike was still underway, the Irish Republican
Army attempted to murder Margaret Thatcher and many of her cabinet by bombing her hotel in
Brighton during the Conservative party annual conference. Although she survived unhurt, some
of her closest colegues were among injured and dead and the room next to hers was severely
damaged.

16. The Thatcher’s government presided over a great increase in the number of people saving
through the stock market personal wealth of Britrish population have been greatly increased. So
the economy very strong . ,prospects were good for an election and government was returned
with a parliament majority in 1987 the second term was ended. In the late 1980’s Thatcher began
to be concern by environmental policy and she made major speech accepting the problems of
global warming, ozone depletion and acid rain. As an environmentalist she has act a great part
while acting as the Prime Minister of Great Britain.

17. Thatcher’s political and economical philosophy emphasised free markets and since gaining
power she privatized long nationlized corporations and increased the productivity of the labours
and took maximum advantage from labour market as an example the telephone and aerospace
firms. Thatcher’s privatization programme ran very accurately in her Thatcherism.

18. Thatcher’s second term was reducing the power of the trade unions with a series of
measures that a number of unions reacted with industrial action. Then more and more returned
to work even they were undergoing so many difficulties.
19. The third term of Thatcher’s government was put forward by British administration .
There were measured to reform the education system in 1988,introducing a national curriculum
for the first time.There was a new tax system local government in 1989.National Health Service
was opened in 1990 to increase the scope for effective management. During that period local
councils took advantage of the introduction of a new system to increase tax rates, blaming the
increase on the Thatcher’s Government.

20. Margaret Thatcher played her part in the last phase of the cold war ,both in the
strengthening of the Western alliance against the Soviets in the early 1980’s and in the
successful unwindi of the Reagan administrationmng of the conflict later in the decate. The
Soviets had dubbed her the ‘Iron Lady’ a tag she took againstthem in speeches shortly after
becoming Conservative leader in 1975.During the 1980’s she offered a strong supply to the
defence policies of the Reagan administration.

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21. Unsympathetically a political earthquake occurred when many colleagues in her cabinet.
The fourth General election deserted her leadership. She resigned as Prime Minister on
November 08,1990.

22. After leaving the premiership Thatcher returned returned to the backbenches as Member of
Parliament for two years after she retired from the House at the 1992 election , age66, saying that
leaving the commons would allow her more freedom to speak her mind. So she left the House of
Commons for the House of Lords at Baroness Thatcher of Kesteven.

LEADERSHIP QUALITIES
23.The main objective of this leadership presentation is to be familiarized with the leadership
qualities by penetrating through the character of Iron lady who is the former Prime Minister of
England. Every character who were able to show their outstanding courage, will power,
knowledge, endurance, enthusiastic, integrity, justice, personality qualities simultaneously
motivating people and inspiring them to get things done whatever want , are called leaders.
Leadership is a blend of persuation, compulsion , encouragement and confidence between
leaders and followers. A good leader a clear vision and confidence for the future plans having
positive attitudes, good knowledge and skill in communication will show their outstanding
leadership qualities.

24. The greater character of former Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher has shown her leadership
qualities by personal relationships within political and civil environment, communicating in the
leadership process among the Conservatives efficiently, effectively, in speech and in writing and
inter relationship of loyalty and discipline among Conservatives. We can consider below
leadership characteristics of Margaret Thatcher .

a. Courage
b. Knowledge
c. Patriotic
d. Integrity
e. Personality

25. COURAGE. The characteristic of courage has two aspects physical courage and moral
courage. The leader Prime Minister has shown physical courage by overcoming the fear of
danger or hardship of the General Elections. She was a great example of confidence to the
Conservatives. This type of self control she has along with moral courage to take unpopular and
difficult decisions often in her governing period.

26. Margaret Thatcher was able to maintain her domain while going through three times of
General Election over 11years and 209 days because of her physical and moral courage. Before
she enter to the parliament as a minister she struggle for a Conservative seat at Dart ford in 1950
and 1951General Elections but she lost most times but she never give up. With the courage in

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1953she became a barrister and tried in 1959 General Election because of her courage she won
the election and elected as a member of parliament .That is the best example of her courage
leadership characteristic.

27 KNOWLEDGE. Knowledge is a most important characteristic of a leader .A leader must

aware about his role and job, tasks as knowledge. It give himself confidence which in turn makes
his subordinates confident in him .We also must know our men as a leader. Knowledge which
emphasis the information considering and that we obtain by experience and education.

28. Experience is the most suitable way to gain knowledge. It’s a new methodology of gaining
appropriate and accurate knowledge. By referring to the character of Margaret Thatcher before
become a barrister she was the president of Student Conservative Association at Oxford
University. With the experience she could able to gain knowledge effectively and motivate her
Conservative subordinates very confidently .She could guide her cabinet to the development of
the nature with the help of relevant knowledge regarding administration.

29. PATRIOTIC Margaret Thatcher was a very good patriotic leader to the Great Britain. She
served eleven years and 204 days as a Prime Minister and made real change in the economy and
political environment. She was dedicated to the development of her own country and improved
the internal security system.

30. INTEGRITY.Intergrity is a combination of reliability, loyalty and honesty which good

leaders can gain by the trust of their colleagues. Leader must always tell truth and subordinates
must always feel that leader mean or said .With relevant to the character of Margaret Thatcher
she was numble enough to own up to Conservative errors and faults not to blame. This is called
integrity.

31. PERSONALITY Margaret Thatcher has a good out looking appearance as leader of the
nation as well as by the action also .As a result of great, heroine personality she was nicknamed
as Ironlady.

32. JUSTICE. Margaret Thatcher was very justice regarding economical policies towards
people. She always used very calm and quite system. She didn’t put burden on the poor civilians
and tried to increase the personal wealth as well as their quality of life as a leader of peace and
justice. As an example in October 1984 Irish Republican Army attempted to murder Margaret
Thatcher, although she was very justice towards Ireland and came to the Anglo-Irish Agreement

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of 1985 and it gave some recognition to political outlook of Catholic in Northern Ireland , so she
was justice towards Ireland in spite of having faced that attempt of assassination of herself.

33. INITIATIVE. During her period of time she has well scheduled economical and political
philosophy. Thatcher made her economical policies very initiatively with the aim of minimize
unemployment and increase personal wealth and control the inflation while reaching for a
economic growth .She was well initiative regarding economical matters as well as political
matters. As an example after defeating herself in 1950 and 1951 General Elections she tried for
the 1959 General Election after becoming a barrister In that case she was trained as lawyer
specialized in taxation so that after that she tried for 1959 General Election. That would
motivated her to be a Member of Parliament. She was very initiative in her life. In another case
Margaret Thatcher was a student of Oxford University under the Chemistry field because of her
initiative quality she planned her future her favourite scenario of Politics. Even though she
completed her degree in Chemistry stream. She entered to Political science stream and went a
long deep carrier in that stream. So that she has succeed her life through initiative quality.

34. ABILITY TO COMMUNICATE Margaret Thatcher was a good communicator.

Conservatives were fully formed by herself. She spoke easily and confidently to subordinates.
So that conservatives were fully informed accurately and effectively. She has a good skill to
speak sharply to the point. Thatcher has held many media conference in live and has addressed
ample of meetings and conferences and campaigns. She was able to win the publicity because of
her good skill at communicate.

CONCLUSION
35. Margaret Thatcher is a great political character in Great Britain.She was completed her
degree in Chemistry stream but she became abarrister and she became a Member of Parliament
in the age 34and after 20 years she became the Prime Minister of England.She did her part as a
political leader.As a good leader she has shown her inborn and well improved leadership
qualities.Such as courage,knowledge,patriotic,etc.We can add these qualities to our life

REFEERENCE
1. Internet

2. Books

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