Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Purpose:
Decide the amount of tomato products to pack at this season.
Tomato Products
Information:
Tomato quality:
20% (grade A) × 3,000,000 = 600,000 pounds
80% (grade B) × 3,000,000 = 2,400,000 pounds
(provided by production manager)
1
lbs.
correction
(800,000/18)
= 44444.5 Cases
Selling prices has been set in light of the long-term marketing strategy
of the company. Potential sales have been forecasted at these prices.
Grade A Grade B
9 points 5 points
Whole Tomato
Product Tomato paste
tomato juice
Minimum
8 points 6 points 5 points (without grade A)
requirement
2
3.8 -(0.54+0.26+0.38+0.77) = 1.85
4.0-(1.18+0.24+0.4+0.7) = 1.48
5. 80,000 pounds of grade "A" tomatoes are available at 8.5 cents per
pound. (provided by the Vice president of operations)
Part (a)
Formulation:
WA = lbs. of A-grade tomatoes in whole.
WB = lbs. of B-grade tomatoes in whole.
JA = lbs. of A-grade tomatoes in juice.
JB = lbs. of B-grade tomatoes in juice.
3
解(1) (2) 之聯立方程式
1 CASE
= 0.0518* 25= 1.295
1 CASE
= [(0.0932*(3/4)+0.0518*(1/4)]*18
4
Quality requirement for whole tomato:
Quality requirement for whole tomato:
(0.9×WA + 0.5×WB)/2 ≧ 0.8× (WA + WB)/2 ⇒ WA - 3WB ≧ 0
Thus,
5
Optimal primal solution
WA WB JA JB PA PB
Column 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Constraint 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
Lower
limit
0.0606 0.0606 -0.0884 1.45333×10-2 -∞ 0.0579
Upper
limit
0.2336 0.5454 0.0876 0.803111 ×10-2 0.1064 +∞
Current
0.0822 0.0822 0.066 0.066 0.074 0.074
value
6
Sensitivity on the right-hand sides
constraint 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Lower
700,000 300,000 1.45333×10-6 133,333 2.2×106 -600,000 -200,000
limit
Upper
limit +∞ +∞ 2.2×106 1.2×106 2.8×106 46,000 1.4×106
Current
1.44×107 106 2×106 600,000 2.4×106 0 0
value
Shodow
prices
0.0903 0.0876 0.08493 0.0822 0.074 0.066 0
Lower
600,000 1,200,000 1,200,000 7,200,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 15,000,000
limit
Upper
1,200,000 1,200,000 7,200,000 12,000,000 14,000,000 15,000,000 +∞
limit
Current
value
225,340 279,520 279,520 789,120 1,183,680 1,331,680 1,397,680
7
Parametric Analysis on the Right-hand side of Constraint 4 (availability of grade A tomato)
const#4 ≤ 600,000 +θ ,θ ∈[0,∞)
1,183,680
斜率= 0
798,120 斜率= 0.074
(279,520 −225,340)
斜率=
1,200,000− 600,000
54180
=
600,000
= 0.0903
Part (b)
Solve the problem with 680,000 lbs of tomatoes. ( The same conclusion
could be reached by inspecting the dual variable of the availability
constraint of A-grade tomatoes (constraint 4) in the optimal solution.
Since the dual variable $0.0903/lb. > $0.08/lb. And this value is constant
for an additional 600,000 lbs. of grade A tomatoes, purchasing 80,000
lbs. will result i a net increase of the contribution.
WA WB JA JB PA PB
8
Net profit of 80,000lbs. A-grade
= (232564-22534)-80,000×0.085 = 7224-6800 = 424
Column 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Constraint 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
9
Myers Cooper Correct
0 800,000 lb 700,000 lb
Whole WA 0 605,000 525,000
WB 0 200,000 175,000
1,000,000 0 300,000 lb
Juice JA 250,000 0 75,000
JB 750,000 0 225,000
2,000,000 2,000,000 2,000,000
Paste PA 350,000 0 0
PB 1,650,000 2,000,000 2,000,000
購 買 總 價
3,550,000
2,750,000
500,000
購 買 量 /箱
100,000 600,000 800,000
10
問題二:
(a) 以下三個條件至少有一個要成立, 重新建立此問題的數學模
式。
(i) whole tomato生產量≥α箱,
(ii) tomato juice生產量≥β箱,
(iii) tomato paste 生產量≥γ箱。
← Solved by using Mixed Integer Programming
問題三:
(a)如以市場佔有率考慮,Charles Myers (sale manager) 認
為 tomato paste 至少要生產 P 箱(第一優先), tomato
juice 正好是 J 箱(第二優先), 總售金額不低於 I ($)(第三
優先), ← Goal Programming
11
問題四:
(6-a) 在Red Brand Canner案例中, 如番茄之購買價格依A, B二
種等級而異, A, B,級價格分別為 a, b (cents/lb.), 生產剩餘之
番茄價值為0, 農場番茄最大供應量為 3,000,000 lbs. (20%為
A級), 但可不必全部採購, 在其他條件不變的情況下, 重新
建立此問題的數學模式。← Linear Programming
問題五:
Red Brand Canner案例中, 每一種罐頭須要經過 X, Y 二種機器加工, X 機器
(第一階段處理, 如清洗, 燒煮, 攪拌等), Y 機器(第二階段處理, 如包裝, 裝箱
等), 依Dan Tucker, production manager 分析人力與機器設備的需求如下:
12
(4-3) 以上模式應用 Linear Programming package 求解得到以下資訊, 今農
場可再提供 1,300,000 lbs. 之A級番茄, 單價是 8.5cent/lb., 您的決定是否再
購買? 再購買多少lbs? 總共可增加多少利潤? (每一項答案都要說明理由)
← Linear Programming, sensitivity analysis, parametric analysis
WA WB JA JB PA PB
Column 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Constraint 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Value 0 0 0.0161 0.0903 0.0579 8.1×10-3 8.1×10-3
variable 1 2 3 4 5 6
Lower
0.0606 0.0606 -0.0884 1.45333×10-2 -∞ 0.0579
limit
Upper 0.803111×10-2 +∞
limit 0.2336 0.5454 0.0876 0.1064
Current
value 0.0822 0.0822 0.066 0.066 0.074 0.074
13