GEOGRAPHY Chapter 2 (Assignment with Answers)

GLOBE: LATITUDES AND LONGITUDES

Q1. Fill in the blanks:-

a) Lines of latitudes are also called Parallels.
b) The Temperate zone is neither too hot nor too cold.
c) Globe is a model of the earth.
d) The longitude of 82 ½ ° E is treated as the Standard Meridian of India.
e) The imaginary line on which the earth rotates is called axis
Q2. Name the important Latitudes of the Earth.
Ans. The five main latitudes of the earth are:
i) Equator (0°)
ii) Tropic of Cancer (23½°N)
iii) Tropic of Capricorn (23½°S)
iv) Arctic Circle (66½°N)
v) Antarctic Circle (66½°S)
Q3. Differentiate between Latitudes and Longitudes.
LATITUDES LONGITUDES
1. Latitudes are horizontal lines on a globe which are 1. Longitudes are vertical lines on a globe which are
also known as Parallels. also known as Meridians.
2. There are 180 Latitudes in all. 2.There are 360 Longitudes in all.
3. Latitudes are equidistant from each other. 3. Distance between the longitudes decreases towards
the poles.
4. Latitudes do not meet. 4.Longitudes meet at the poles.
5. Latitudes help in locating places. 5.Longitudes help in locating places as well as
calculating time.

Q3. Explain the heat zones of the earth with the help of a diagram.
Ans. HEAT ZONES OF THE EARTH
1. TORRID ZONE:
(a) This zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
(b) The mid-day sun is exactly overhead on this region and therefore, receives the maximum heat.

2. TEMPERATE ZONE:
(a) This zone lies between the Tropic of Cancer and the Arctic Circle in the Northern Hemisphere, and the
Tropic of Capricorn and the Antarctic Circle in the Southern Hemisphere.
(b) These areas have moderate temperatures.
3. FRIGID ZONE:
(a) This zone lies between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole in the Northern Hemisphere and the
Antarctic Circle and the South Pole in the Southern Hemisphere.
(b) This is the coldest zone. It is because here the sun does not rise much above the horizon. Therefore, its
rays are always slanting and provide less heat.

Q4. If it is 12 noon at Greenwich, calculate the time at the places located at the following longitudes.
(i) 30° E (ii) 45°E (iii) 75°W (iv) 20°W
Ans. (i) 30° E
1° = 4 mins.
30° = 30×4=120 mins.
60 mins. =1 hour
So, 120 mins.= 120÷60=2 hrs.
Since, it lies in the Eastern hemisphere; the time will be ahead of Greenwich.
So, time= 12noon +2 hrs = 2:00pm
(ii) (Try yourself)
(iii) 75° W
1° = 4 mins.
75°= 75×4 = 300 mins.
60 mins. =1 hour
So, 300 mins.= 300÷60=5 hrs.
Since, it lies in the Western hemisphere; the time will be behind Greenwich.
So, time= 12noon -5 hrs = 7:00am
(iv) (Try yourself)
Q5. Observe the given figure and write the geographical locations of the stations P, Q, R, S, T and U.
0° 10°W 20°W 30°W 40°W 50°W 60°W
U
50° N R
40° N T
30° N P
20° N S
10° N Q
0°

Ans. P= 30°N 10°W

Q = 10°N 20°W
(Rest try yourself)