2.

1 INDUSTRY PROFILE

The software industry includes businesses for development, maintenance

and publication of software that are using different business models, mainly
either "license/maintenance based" (on-premises) or "Cloud based" (such
as SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, MaaS, AaaS, etc.). The industry also includes
software services, such as training, documentation, consulting and data
recovery .

HISTORY OF SOFTWARE:

The word "software" was coined as a prank as early as 1953, but did not
appear in print until the 1960s.[1] Before this time, computers were
programmed either by customers, or the few commercial computer vendors
of the time, such as UNIVAC and IBM. The first company founded to
provide software products and services was Computer Usage Company in
1955.[2]

The software industry expanded in the early 1960s, almost immediately

after computers were first sold in mass-produced quantities. Universities,
government, and business customers created a demand for software.
Many of these programs were written in-house by full-time staff
programmers. Some were distributed freely between users of a particular
machine for no charge. Others were done on a commercial basis, and
other firms such as Computer Sciences Corporation (founded in 1959)
started to grow. Other influential or typical software companies begun in the
early 1960s included Advanced Computer Techniques, Automatic Data
Processing, Applied Data Research, and Informatics General.[3][4] The
computer/hardware makers started bundling operating systems, systems
software and programming environments with their machines.
When Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) brought a relatively low-priced
microcomputer to market, it brought computing within the reach of many
more companies and universities worldwide, and it spawned great
innovation in terms of new, powerful programming languages and
methodologies. New software was built for microcomputers, so other
manufacturers including IBM, followed DEC's example quickly, resulting in
the IBM AS/400 amongst others.

EVOLUTION & GROWTH OF SOFTWARE INDUSTRY:

The industry expanded greatly with the rise of the personal computer
("PC") in the mid-1970s, which brought desktop computing to the office
worker for the first time. In the following years, it also created a growing
market for games, applications, and utilities. DOS, Microsoft's first
operating system product, was the dominant operating system at the time

In the early years of the 21st century, another successful business model
has arisen for hosted software, called software-as-a-service, or SaaS; this
was at least the third time[citation needed] this model had been attempted.
From the point of view of producers of some proprietary software, SaaS
reduces the concerns about unauthorized copying, since it can only be
accessed through the Web, and by definition no client software is loaded
onto th Size of the industry

According to industry analyst Gartner, the size of the worldwide software

industry in 2013 was US$407.3 billion, an increase of 4.8% over 2012. As
in past years, the largest four software vendors were Microsoft, Oracle
Corporation, IBM, and SAP respectively. [5]

The software industry has been subject to a high degree of consolidation

over the past couple of decades. Between 1995 and 2018 around 37,039
mergers and acquisitions have been announced with a total known value of
US$ 1,166 bil. USD.[6] The highest number and value of deals was set in
2000 during the high times of the dot-com bubble with 2,674 transactions
valued at 105. bil. USD. In 2017, 2,547 deals were announced valued at
$111 billion. Approaches to successfully acquire and integrate software
companies are available. [7]

Business models of software companies have been widely discussed.[8][9]

Network effects in software ecosystems, networks of companies, and their
customers are an important element in the strategy of software companies.
[10]e end user's PC.

TOP SOFTWARE COMPANIES:

SalesAnnual revenue of company in USD billion in previous fiscal year

FY Company's current fiscal year

Market cap Market capitalization as of February 2017 in USD billion

Headquarters Location of company's headquarters

Ref(s). Reference(s)

Forbes Global 2000

The Forbes Global 2000 is an annual ranking of the top 2000 public
companies in the world by Forbes magazine, based on a mix of four
metrics: sales, profit, assets and market value. The Forbes list for software
companies includes only pure play (or nearly pure play) software
companies and excludes manufacturers, consumer electronics companies,
conglomerates, IT consulting firms, and computer services companies even
if they have large software divisions. For example, IBM would likely rank #3
in 2017 if its software business unit had been a separate company. The
omission of more diversified firms can be useful to investors who are
seeking either more or less exposure in the software sector.

The top 10 companies in the 2017 Forbes list for the "Software &
Programming" industry are listed in the following table:[1]

Rank Organization Sales (B$) FY Market cap (B$) Headquarters

1 United States Alphabet 110.86 2018 766.84 Mountain

View, CA, US

2 United States Microsoft 110.36 2018 826.94 Redmond,

WA, US

3 United States IBM 79.9 2018 112.53 Armonk, NY, US

4 Republic of Ireland Accenture 41.1 2018 100.13 Dublin, IE

5 United States Facebook 40.652018 431.18 Menlo Park, CA,

US

6 United States Oracle 39.832018 176.83 Redwood City,

CA, US

7 Germany SAP 26.7 2018 129.4Walldorf, DE

8 China Tencent 22.8 2018 277.1Shenzhen, CN

9 India TCS 19.082018 102.6Mumbai, MH, IN

10 China Baidu10.6 2018 59.9 Beijing, CN

BUSINESS SOFTWARE:

Business software (or a business application) is any software or set of

computer programs used by business users to perform various business
functions. These business applications are used to increase productivity, to
measure productivity and to perform other business functions accurately.

By and large, business software is likely to be developed to meet the needs

of a specific business, and therefore is not easily transferable to a different
business environment, unless its nature and operation is identical. Due to
the unique requirements of each business, off-the-shelf software is unlikely
to completely address a company's needs. However, where an on-the-shelf
solution is necessary, due to time or monetary considerations, some level
of customization is likely to be required. Exceptions do exist, depending on
the business in question, and thorough research is always required before
committing to bespoke or off-the-shelf solutions.

Some business applications are interactive, i.e., they have a graphical user
interface or user interface and users can query/modify/input data and view
results instantaneously. They can also run reports instantaneously. Some
business applications run in batch mode: they are set up to run based on a
predetermined event/time and a business user does not need to initiate
them or monitor them.

Some business applications are built in-house and some are bought from
vendors (off the shelf software products). These business applications are
installed on either desktops or big servers. Prior to the introduction of
COBOL (a universal compiler) in 1965, businesses developed their own
unique machine language. RCA's language consisted of a 12-position
instruction. For example, to read a record into memory, the first two digits
would be the instruction (action) code. The next four positions of the
instruction (an 'A' address) would be the exact leftmost memory location
where you want the readable character to be placed. Four positions (a 'B'
address) of the instruction would note the very rightmost memory location
where you want the last character of the record to be located. A two digit 'B'
address also allows a modification of any instruction. Instruction codes and
memory designations excluded the use of 8's or 9's. The first RCA
business application was implemented in 1962 on a 4k RCA 301. The RCA
301, mid frame 501, and large frame 601 began their marketing in early
1960.

Many kinds of users are found within the business environment, and can be
categorized by using a small, medium and large matrix:

The small business market generally consists of home accounting

software, and office suites such as LibreOffice, Microsoft Office or GSuite.

The medium size, or small and medium-sized enterprise (SME), has a

broader range of software applications, ranging from accounting,
groupware, customer relationship management, human resource
management systems, outsourcing relationship management, loan
origination software, shopping cart software, field service software, and
other productivity enhancing applications.

The last segment covers enterprise level software applications, such as

those in the fields of enterprise resource planning, enterprise content
management (ECM), business process management (BPM) and product
lifecycle management. These applications are extensive in scope, and
often come with modules that either add native functions, or incorporate the
functionality of third-party computer programs.
Technologies that previously only existed in peer-to-peer software
applications, like Kazaa and Napster, are starting to appear within business
applications.

Computer software, or simply software, is a collection of data or computer

instructions that tell the computer how to work. This is in contrast to
physical hardware, from which the system is built and actually performs the
work. In computer science and software engineering, computer software is
all information processed by computer systems, programs and data.
Computer software includes computer programs, libraries and related non-
executable data, such as online documentation or digital media. Computer
hardware and software require each other and neither can be realistically
used on its own.

At the lowest programming level,[clarification needed] executable code

consists of machine language instructions supported by an individual
processor—typically a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics
processing unit (GPU). A machine language consists of groups of binary
values signifying processor instructions that change the state of the
computer from its preceding state. For example, an instruction may change
the value stored in a particular storage location in the computer—an effect
that is not directly observable to the user. An instruction may also invoke
one of many input or output operations, for example displaying some text
on a computer screen; causing state changes which should be visible to
the user. The processor executes the instructions in the order they are
provided, unless it is instructed to "jump" to a different instruction, or is
interrupted by the operating system. As of 2015, most personal computers,
smartphone devices and servers have processors with multiple execution
units or multiple processors performing computation together, and
computing has become a much more concurrent activity than in the past.
The majority of software is written in high-level programming languages.
They are easier and more efficient for programmers because they are
closer to natural languages than machine languages.[1] High-level
languages are translated into machine language using a compiler or an
interpreter or a combination of the two. Software may also be written in a
low-level assembly language, which has strong correspondence to the
computer's machine language instructions and is translated into machine
language using an assembler.
 2.2 COMPANY PROFILE

INTRODUCTION:

VISTEON SOFTWARE OPERATIONS are the software operations

company which changes our lifestyle to greater needs. As the only Tier 1
supplier devoted exclusively to cockpit electronics, and with the broadest
product portfolio in this segment, Visteon is uniquely positioned to meet
automakers’ needs for smart, digital cockpits for electric and automated
vehicles. Our technology ensures drivers and passengers can interact
easily, efficiently and more safely with features in the cockpit – and with the
ecosystem around the vehicle

THROUGH AGES:

In the autonomous driving era, it will be the apps, the connectivity and ease
of interaction with displays that will define the new user experience. We
apply our software-driven expertise to excel in these areas – melding new
technology with the best of the consumer electronics experience, while
capitalizing on the automotive intellect and passion of our people. We also
embrace collaboration, making it easy for the brightest app and algorithm
developers to create game-changing applications for our platforms, from
infotainment to autonomous driving.

Visteon helped the industry move beyond hard buttons and knobs to touch
screens and haptic controllers. Today, we’re the first in the industry to
address the proliferation of electronic control units (ECUs) through our
SmartCore™ cockpit domain controller solution. Now, another
transformation is underway, driven by requirements for autonomous
vehicles. This new phase will be characterized by technology such as
artificial intelligence, augmented reality, driver monitoring and interior
sensing. We’re participating in this new era of technology in the same place
we’ve always been – the fast lane.

COMPANY DETAILS:

Ceo name:Mr.sachin lawanade

Year of establishment:2006

Nature of company:software

Company name: VISTEON SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS

Company address: No 1 Olympia Technology Park Fortius Building Level 3,

Guindy, Chennai - 600032, Sidco Industrial Estate

Country:India

Phone number:044 66177000/044 49477000

Fax:914428334319

Website:www.visteon.com
BACKGROUND:

Established in March 1997 as a JV of Visteon Corp, USA, Visteon

Automotive Systems India Private

Limited (VASI) has established itself as a key player in the Indian

automotive component market,

in a short span of 5 years.

Apart from VASI, Visteon Corp has two other manufacturing facilities in
India – Visteon Power

train Control Systems India (VPCSI) and Climate Systems India. VASI and
VPCSI are located at

Maraimalainagar in Chengalpattu district, near Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

Climate Systems India has its

manufacturing facility in Bhiwadi, Rajasthan.

India challenges and mitigants

Visteon has overcome challenges like lack of port

infrastructure and bureaucracy to succeed in India.

• Lack of port infrastructure: It has overcome this

challenge by importing and exporting a part of its

components from Tuticorn port.

• Bureaucracy: It has overcome this challenge by hiring

extra personnel to ensure that clearances are

received on time.
Factors for success

Visteon’s growth in India has been due to several

factors – global presence and customer base, locational

advantage, superior processes and product quality and

focus on developing the local supply base.

Global presence and customer base

Visteon Corp is a global supplier to Ford and other

automotive manufacturers, and had a presence in all

major automotive markets of the world when it

entered India in 1997. It has effectively leveraged this

strength to develop exports out of its Indian operations

to its global customers. This has enabled it to become

less dependent on the volatile domestic market and

increase volumes.

Location advantage:

Visteon entered India in the wake of Ford’s entry, and

set up its plant in Maraimalainagar, close to Ford’s

facility. The Company benefited from the support given

by the state government (infrastructure, tax exemption/

deferment, etc) and got the advantage of the proximity

of a well-developed supplier base.

product quality:

Visteon’s world-class processes and superior (sub-100

ppm) product quality have enabled it to gain ready

acceptance among major domestic players like MUL,

and international OEMs such as Hyundai, Toyota and

Ford, all of whom have recognised Visteon as the

Best Quality Supplier.

 Environment:

A cleaner,
greener, healthier
environment is a
primary

consideration in
Visteon’s global
business
activities.

Visteon continued
to implement a
number of
initiatives in

2017 to help reduce waste, water usage and greenhouse

gas emissions at various manufacturing facilities around

the globe. These efforts included improving lighting or

heating and cooling efficiency; managing the use of

compressed air; reducing, reusing, and recycling materials;

optimizing water usage; and organizing utilities awareness

campaigns for employees.

Visteon was in full compliance with all customer productrelated

environmental, health and safety requirements in

2017. Every facility where Visteon has financial control

(more than 50 percent ownership) is certified to the

ISO14001 environmental standard.

Visteon is committed to offering products to automakers

that support the goal of reducing vehicle emissions and

increasing fuel economy through weight reduction and other

approaches. Visteon supports the movement to electric

and other alternative fuel vehicles and powertrains, with

the overall goal of reducing vehicle emissions. This trend is

gaining momentum globally; for example, the government of

China has mandated that 20 percent of all new vehicles sold

in 2025 must be new energy or non-fossil-fueled vehicles.

Visteon’s SmartCore™ domain controller technology, with

its ability to consolidate electronic control units and reduce

weight and power consumption — in addition to cost — is an

ideal solution for these new energy vehicles of the future.

Another way Visteon is making efforts to improve fuel

efficiency is through our autonomous driving platform,

DriveCore™ — a centralized domain controller that

incorporates object detection and tracking, sensor fusion,

situation analysis and trajectory planning, enabled by

artificial intelligence. Accelerating the adoption of selfdriving

technology can lead to an even more positive impact

on the environment, from ride-sharing programs to new

transportation infrastructures.

Community:

Supporting the communities where we work. It’s a simple

idea, but one we take very seriously. Through corporate

contributions and employee volunteer initiatives, Visteon

demonstrates to its neighbors in communities where

it operates that the company cares about them, their

families and their future. Visteon supports the belief that

a cohesive society is an essential foundation for business

success, and that companies thrive with healthier,

better-educated and more productive people. Visteon’s

contributions are generally concentrated in two focus

areas: youth and the environment.

From providing food, shelter, health care and school supplies

to volunteering and mentoring activities, Visteon has funded

programs to improve the lives of children worldwide. We

have also provided funding for environmental programs

that preserve and protect the environment, including the

establishment of parks and the protection of wildlife.

Our community support goes well beyond monetary

funding. Visteon employees embrace this corporate

mission and actively participate in supporting our

communities. Whether it is teaming up to plant trees,

collecting household essentials for families in need,

cleaning a neighborhood or promoting a healthier lifestyle,

Visteon employees are always there to help.