Feedback control is always implemented using digital computers?

False
Control can be applied using several methods, including but not limited to feedback. True
Feedback control can be implemented without the use of a sensor. False
A chemical plant can be very large and involve many hundreds to thousands of sensors and valves. How do the
plant personnel monitor process behavior and adjust valve openings. In centralized facility with displayed
measurements.
Select the first letter of the sensor symbol used for each physical variable.
L – Liquid level in drum F - Mass flow rate
P – Pressure in a closed vessel None - Weight of a solid in a vessel
T - Temperature of a packed bed None - Speed of rotation of a shaft
F - Volume flow rate A - % of propane in a gas stream
When process control is used for safety, the system will ultimately rely on the plant personnel to respond?
False
The release of process material to prevent excessive internal pressure must exhaust directly to the
environment outside the plant. False
Process equipment is very robust and cannot be damaged by incorrect operation. False
When plant units (distillation columns, reactors, etc.) are arranged in series, smooth flow rates contribute to
good operation. True
Variability in product quality is not important as long as the average satisfies the customer’s demands. False
After the plant has been designed and built, selection of the operating conditions has little influence on the
profit ($$). False
Calculated variables, such as the heat transfer coefficient and the reaction selectivity, are useful in monitoring
process performance. True
Which of the following are reasons for using Laplace transforms in process control? Solve differential
equations to determine the dependent variables as a function of time.
For the following differential equation, select the Laplace transform of the equation.

Differential Equation:
Select the output response of a process whose only dynamics are a pure dead time to a step input at t = 20 .
We do not know the value of the dead time.

A transfer function provides a model of:

the output behavior for any input assuming that all the initial conditions are zero
Complete the following statement: An asymptotically stable system ...

has outputs that approach constant values after all inputs attain constant values.

What can be determined from the following transfer function?

The system is second order, and it is overdamped.

Complete the following statement: A block diagram is ... a picture of the connection between transfer
function models.
Frequency response is used in the analysis of dynamic systems because...

periodic disturbances (which are not sines) occur often in industrial plants and their effects are analyzed
using frequency response.

What determines the order of a dynamic model? The number of first order differential equations in the
model.
This second order process, which is two first order systems in series, can never be underdamped. True
Complete this statement: Self-regulation is... The tendency of a system to attain steady-state without
external control being applied.
Processes are often connected in series. Non-interacting first order systems in series have the following
property. The output of each system affects only downstream systems.
A quick way to estimate the overall dynamic model of a series of first order systems, is as a first order system
with the following equations. False
Apparent dead time can result from... solid transport by conveyer belt.
Parallel systems can result in unique dynamic responses when... the dynamics of the two paths are very
different.
A dynamic system with recycle... differs greatly from a series system when the recycle gain approaches +1.0.
In the distillation model, the equation for liquid flow rate leaving the tray is valid for all values of the liquid
level. False
Which of these control loop elements are typically very fast and very accurate?
Controller Calculation
Signal Conversion
Electrical Transmission
Which of the following statements are true? The selection of which valve to manipulate influences the
behavior of the controlled variable.
A control valve % opening is usually changed by adjusting an electric motor that moves the stem position.
False
It is possible to measure the temperature, pressure and flow of highly corrosive materials, like acid. True
When performing a process reaction curve experiment which elements of the loop are included in the
resulting dynamic model?
Electrical Transmission Final Element, Valve
Pneumatic Transmission Signal Conversion
Sensor Process
The behavior of the controlled variable, CV, is important because... it was selected to achieve one or more of
the 7 control objectives.
The behavior of the manipulated variable, MV, is important because... high frequency fluctuations might
wear out the valve.
Which of the five approaches to control would you apply to each of the following variables?
Temperature in a garage. No control
Temperature in a oil storage tank that could freeze in winter. On/Off
Temperature of soup being heated on a stove. Manual
Temperature of a CSTR making pharmaceuticals. Automatic
Temperature in a closed vessel with an exothermic chemical reaction. Emergency
Deviation of the controlled variable (CV) from its set point (SP) is an important performance measure
because... the product quality could be poor for large deviations.
The rate of change of adjustments to the manipulated variable (MV which is usually a valve) made by a
feedback controller... should be rapid enough to return the controlled variable to its set point in a timely
manner.
In the context of controller tuning, "robustness" means... the ability to achieve reasonable control
performance when the process dynamics change.
When finding the optimum values for tuning constant, we can find KC first, then fix KC and determine TI, and
finally, fix the first two and determine Td. False
Errors in models used for tuning occur... due to changes in plant operation, e.g. production rate.
The Ciancone PID tuning correlations are applicable to processes that... are overdamped and have a
monotonic step change.
If you knew the model perfectly and you could adjust the manipulated variable without limits, the best PID
controller tuning would be... more aggressive than the Ciancone correlations.
The three modes of the most common feedback controller are called the... Derivative Integral Proportional
In explaining the PID controller, the term mode means... a specific method of considering time-dependent
behavior.
A block diagram is useful for… providing a visual display of the elements in a closed-loop system.
Which element of the closed-loop, feedback system does NOT affect the stability of the closed-loop, linear
system? Gd(s); disturbance
The error is calculated as E = SP - CV (not E = CV - SP). The choice of sign is... arbitrary.
What is the sign of Kc for negative feedback control? Same as Kp (the process S-S gain)