Elastic Deflection

Castigliano’s Method
If deflection is not covered by simple cases in Table 5.1 (p186)

Complementary
Energy U’

Stored Elastic Energy

U

U = U' = ∆ ⋅ Q 2
Incremental: dU = dU' = ∆ ⋅ dQ
Deflection: ∆ = dU dQ
Castiglino’s Theorem: ∆ = ∂U ∂Q
When a body is elastically deflected by any combination of loads, the
deflection at any point and in any direction is equal to the
partial derivative of strain energy (computed with all loads acting)
with respect to a load located at that point and acting
in that direction

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 Elastic Deflection
Castigliano’s Method
Table 5.3 (p193): Energy and Deflection Equations

Example: Axial Tension

Stored Elastic Energy:

Case 1 from Table 5.1:

gives:

For varying E and A:

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 Elastic Deflection
Castigliano’s Method
Table 5.3 (p193): Energy and Deflection Equations

(1) Obtain expression for all components of energy

Table 5.3

(2) Take partial derivative to obtain deflection

Castiglino’s Theorem: ∆ = ∂U ∂Q

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 Elastic Deflection: Castigliano’s Method

first compute Energy, then Partial Derivative to get deflection

Here 2 types of loading: Bending and Shear

magnitude @ x:
Table 5.3

1. Energy: here it has two components:

(23=8)*3*4 = 96
2. Partial Derivatives for deflection:

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 Elastic Deflection: Castigliano’s Method

Table 5.3 TWO METHODS

Differentiate after Integral Differentiate under Integral

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 Elastic Deflection: Castigliano’s Method

Transverse shear contributes only <5% to deflection

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Elastic Deflection: Castigliano’s Method

•90° bend cantilever beam

•shear neglected

Use of “Dummy Load” Q=0

•Shear neglected => only 4 energy components:
1) BENDING portion a_b: Mab=Py
2) BENDING portion b_c: Mbc=Qx +Ph
(Tension and Compression
3) TENSION portion a_b: Q mostly negligible if torsion
4) COMPRESSION portion b_c: P and bending are present)

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Elastic Deflection: Castigliano’s Method

500kg x 9.8m/s2
•Eccentrically Load Column
=4900 N
•No Buckling

Redundant Support
Guy wire

•Now Deflection known (δ=0) •Find necessary Tension Force F

•Hence partial derivative of total elastic energy
with respect to F must be zero
•Omit zero derivatives
- all energy terms above a
- compression term below a
•Only bending term is left: M= (4900 N)(1.2m)-Fy = 5880 Nm - Fy

(Nm)2 Nm

(Nm)2 m Nm3 m3

Nm3 m3

=! 0
finite value F=2940 N

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