KIMURA, Yumi R.

ChE – 1 / A13
2019102775

Module 4: Exercise 2.1

Answer each problem completely.

1. The following is the preference table from a science club election where the candidates

are Arrow (A), Bennett (B), Candice (C), and Danny (D).

# of Voters 42 23 35 28 14

1st Choice A B C A D

2nd Choice D A D B A

3rd Choice B C B D C

4th Choice C D A C B

Determine the winner of the election using the indicated method.

a. Plurality method

Candidate Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 2 4 1 2 70

B 3 1 3 2 4 23

C 4 3 1 4 3 35

D 2 4 2 3 1 14

# of Votes 42 23 35 28 14 142
Total 1st Place Votes:

A – 42 + 28 = 70

B – 23; C – 35; D – 14… Arrow has most 1st place votes. Arrow wins the election
b. Plurality with elimination method

Candidate Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 2 3 1 1 70
B 2 1 2 2 3 23
C 3 3 1 3 2 35
# of Votes 42 23 35 28 14 128
Total 1st Place Votes:

A – 42 + 28 + 14 = 84

B – 23; C – 35

Arrow wins the election.

c. Borda count

N=4 ARROW (A)

RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
1 4 42 168
2 3 23 69
4 1 35 35
1 4 28 112
2 3 14 42
Borda Count = 426

N=4 BENNETT (B)

RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
3 2 42 84
1 4 23 92
3 2 35 70
2 3 28 84
4 1 14 14
Borda Count = 344

N=4 CANDICE (C)

RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
4 1 42 42
3 2 23 46
1 4 35 140
4 1 28 28
3 2 14 28
Borda Count = 284
 N=4 DANNY (D)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
2 3 42 126
4 1 23 23
2 3 35 105
3 2 28 56
1 4 14 56
Borda Count = 366
Arrow (A) has the highest borda count, Arrow wins the election.

d. Top two runoff

Candidate Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 1 2 1 1 70
C 2 2 1 2 2 35
No. of Voters 42 23 35 28 14 142
Total 1st Place Votes

A – 42 + 23 + 28 + 14 = 107

C – 35

Arrow wins the election.

e. Pairwise comparison

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 2 70
B 3 1 3 2 4 23
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 2 70
C 4 3 1 4 3 35
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 2 70
D 2 4 2 3 1 49
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
B 3 1 3 2 4 51
C 4 3 1 4 3 35
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
B 3 1 3 2 4 23
D 2 4 2 3 1 14
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
C 4 3 1 4 3 35
D 2 4 2 3 1 14
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 42 23 35 28 14 142

A B C D
 A A A A
B C D
C C
D
Arrow wins the election.

2. One hundred customers were asked to rank their choices of five most popular fast food

chains in the country. The results are shown in the preference table below.

# of Voters 72 20 25 18 7
1st Choice A B C A D
2nd Choice D A D B A
3rd Choice B C B D C
4th Choice C D A C B
Determine the winner of the election using the indicated method.

a. Plurality method

Food Chain Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 2 4 1 2 90

B 3 1 3 2 4 20

C 4 3 1 4 3 18

D 2 4 2 3 1 7

# of Votes 72 20 25 18 7 135
Total 1st Place Votes:

A – 72 + 18 = 90

B – 20; C – 18; D -7

Food chain A wins the poll.

b. Plurality with elimination method

Candidate Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 2 3 1 1 90
B 2 1 2 2 3 20
C 3 3 1 3 2 18
# of Votes 72 20 25 18 7 128
Food chain A has most 1st place votes, A wins the poll.

c. Borda count

N=4 (A)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
1 4 72 288
2 3 20 60
4 1 25 25
1 4 18 72
2 3 7 21
Borda Count = 466

N=4 (B)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
3 2 72 144
1 4 20 80
3 2 25 50
2 3 18 54
4 1 7 7
Borda Count = 335

N=4 (C)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
4 1 72 72
3 2 20 40
1 4 25 100
4 1 18 18
3 2 7 14
Borda Count = 244

N=4 (D)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
2 3 72 216
4 1 20 20
2 3 25 75
3 2 18 36
1 4 7 28
Borda Count = 375
 Food choice A wins the poll.

d. Top two runoff

Candidate Total 1st Place Votes

A 1 1 2 1 1 90
C 2 2 1 2 2 25
# of Votes 72 20 25 18 7 115
Food choice A wins the poll.

e. Pairwise comparison

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 1 90
B 3 1 3 2 4 20
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 110

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 2 70
C 4 3 1 4 3 25
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 95

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
A 1 2 4 1 2 90
D 2 4 2 3 1 7
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 97

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
 B 3 1 3 2 4 20
C 4 3 1 4 3 25
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 45

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
B 3 1 3 2 4 20
D 2 4 2 3 1 7
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 27

TOTAL FIRST-
CANDIDATE RANK PLACE
VOTES
C 4 3 1 4 3 25
D 2 4 2 3 1 7
NUMBER OF
VOTERS 72 20 25 18 7 32

A B C D
A A A A
B C B
C C
D

Food chain A wins.

3. Forty senior high school students from a math class were asked to pick four varieties of

food that will be served for a dinner event. The students were allowed to vote for more

than one choice. The results are shown in the table below.
 Choices # of Students who Voted
Korean food and American food 7
American food and Filipino food 7
Chinese food and Filipino food 8
Korean food, American food, and Chinese food 14
All four kinds of food 4
Which food will be served for dinner event using the approval voting method?

Choices Number of Votes

American Food 7 + 7 + 14 + 4 = 32
Korean Food 7 + 14 + 4 = 25
Filipino Food 7 + 8 + 4 = 19
Chinese Food 8 + 14 + 4 = 26
American food has the highest number of votes, American food will be served.

4. Shown below is the preference list for three candidates, Determine the winner using the

Borda count method.

Candidate Ranking
A 3 2 1
B 1 3 3
C 2 1 2
Total Votes 83 75 5

N=3 (A)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
3 1 83 83
2 2 75 150
1 3 5 15
Borda Count = 248

N=3 (B)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
1 3 83 249
3 1 75 75
3 1 5 5
Borda Count = 329

N=3 (C)
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
2 2 83 166
1 3 75 225
2 2 5 10
Borda Count = 401
Candidate C has the highest borda count, Candidate C wins the election.
 Does this election violate the majority criterion using the Borda count method?

Yes. If the majority criterion of voting require half + 1 for all the votes go to the

winner of the choices. If we divide 163 by 2 then we get close to 82 votes and we add one

vote for that, it would be 83. Candidate B also has 83 votes and it should be accounted for

their 1st rank but if this was considered then it would be the other way around.

5. Given the customer’s preference list for three different choices of ice cream flavors,
determine the top choice of the customers using the Borda count method. Re-evaluate the
vote counting if the option cheese flavor is removed from the choices and determine if
the IIA criterion is violated.

Choices Ranking
Cheese 2 1 3
Chocolate 1 2 2
Mango 3 3 1
Total Votes 6 81 90

N=3 CHEESE
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
2 2 6 12
1 3 81 241
3 1 90 90
Borda Count = 343

N=3 CHOCOLATE
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
1 3 6 18
2 2 81 162
2 2 90 180
Borda Count = 360

N=3 MANGO
RANK RANK POINT NO. OF VOTES TOTAL
3 1 6 6
3 1 81 81
1 3 90 270
Borda Count = 357
The flavor chocolate has the highest borda count. Chocolate is the top choice.

There are 3 candidates and 50 voters in an election.

a. What is the maximum number of votes that a candidate can receive using the

Borda count method?

The maximum number of votes that a candidate can receive is 150 votes. Each

candidate can receive a 3,2 and 1 point/s that will rank them in first, second, and

third. In Borda count method, the accumulated greatest number of votes in highest

rank wins the vote.

b. What is the minimum number of votes that a candidate can receive?

The minimum number of votes that a candidate can receive is 50

votes. The weight of the third place is only one. The lowest ranked candidate can

receive at least 50 votes.