NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

MODULE -4
Classical Relations and Fuzzy Relations –

4.5 Introduction
4.6 Cartesian Product of Relation
4.7 Classical Relation
4.8 Fuzzy Relation
4.9 Tolerance and Equivalence Relations
4.10 Non-interactive Fuzzy sets
4.11 Simple Problems.

Classical Relations and Fuzzy Relations

4.5 Introduction

Relations represent mappings between sets and connectives in logic. A classical

binary relation represents the presence or absence of a connection or interaction
or association between the elements of two sets. Fuzzy binary relations are a
generalization of crisp binary relations, and they allow various degrees of
relationship (association) between elements.

4.6 Cartesian Product of Relation

• An ordered r-tuple is an ordered sequence of r-elements expressed in the

form (al , a2, a3 …...ar).
• An unordered r-tuple is a collection of r-elements without any
restrictions in order.
• For r = 2, the r-tuple is called an ordered pair.
• For crisp sets A1 ,A2, ... Ar, the set of all r-tuples (al, a2, a3, . . . , ar.),
where
a1 ∈A1, a2 ∈A2, ... , ar ∈ Ar, is called the Cartesian product of Al , A2, . ,Ar
and is denoted by Al x A2.x…..Ar.
• The Cartesian product of two or more sets is not the same as the
arithmetic product of two1or more sets.
• If all the ar's are identical and equal to A, then the Cartesian product Al x
A2 x • • • X Ar is denoted as Ar.

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.7 Classical Relation

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.7.1 Cardinality of Classical relation

4.7.2 Operations on Classical relations

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.7.3 Properties of crisp relations

The properties of classical set operations such as commutativity, associativity,

distributivity, involution and idempotency also hold good for classical relations.
Similarly, De Morgan's law and excluded middle laws hold good for crisp relations
as they do for crisp sets. The null relation ΦR is analogous to null set Φ and
complete relation ER is analogous to whole set X.

4.7.4 Composition of Classical Relations

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.8 Fuzzy Relations

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.8.1 Cardinality of Fuzzy Relations

4.8.2Opeartions on Fuzzy Relations

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.8.3 Properties of Fuzzy relations

4.8.4 Fuzzy Composition

There are two types of Fuzzy composition techniques

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.9 Tolerance and Equivalence Relations

The three characteristic properties of relations discussed are: reflexivity, symmetry and
transitivity..

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.9.1 Classical Equivalence Relation

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.9.2 Classical Tolerance Relation

4.9.3 Fuzzy equivalence Relation

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

4.9.4 Fuzzy Tolerance Relation

4.10 Noninteractive Fuzzy sets

4.11 SOLVED PROBLEMS

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof
NEURAL NETWORK AND FUZZY LOGIC SYSTEMS 17EI81 MODULE 4

S J SAVITA, Dept of EIE, RNSIT

Asst. Prof