DGX and Sealing

Can you imagine what

happens if these glass
joints fail?
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 Types of automotive glass

1. LSG - Laminated Safety Glass

 First introduced as standard automobile equipment in UK in 1928 (Hillman)
 Two sheets of float glass firmly bonded by a layer of polyvinyl butyrate (PVB) or polyethylene
(PET) foil
 Thickness 3.1 to 5 mm
 Excellent safety in the event of breakage
+  Tough interlayer prevents any glass splinters from Float glass
flying or falling out and resists the passage of objects
 Higher weight
-  Lower load bearing capacity than TSG
PVB interlayer
 Vulnerable to chip damage

Application:
Windscreens, rear windows
Functional glass (heating wires, antennas, coatings)

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5
 Types of automotive glass

2. Toughened Safety Glass (TSG)

 Developed in USA in 1922; introduced as "Securit" by Saint Gobain in 1929
 Thermally pre-stressed glass
 Thickness 3.15 to 5 mm

 Excellent resistance to mechanical and thermal outer TSG glass surface

+ stress compressive stress

 Low risk of injury in the event of breakage
tensile stress
 Offers little protection from thieves
- compressive stress
 Cannot be cut or worked after toughening
inner TSG glass surface

Application:
Side windows, rear windows, functional glass

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 Types of automotive glass

3. Insulating Glass
 Consist of two panes of glass of 3 mm thickness, separated by a 3 mm aluminium spacer

 Improves heat insulation and increases air

conditioning efficiency TSG pane
+  No fogging or condensation
 Excellent noise absorbing qualities
air space
 Ice forming on the exterior glass face due to the
heater fan cannot be thawed
-  May cause double vision by optical distortion aluminium spacer
 Sound absorbing qualities

Application:
Only for side windows

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7
 Types of automotive glass

4. Composite Glass
Consists of 2 layers of thin sheet glass (float glass), 2 PVB interlayers and 1 polycarbonate (PC)
layer
Thickness: 5 mm

 Same thickness weighs 50 % less than LSG thin sheet PVB

glass interlayer
 Provides extreme strength in an accident
+
 PC provides excellent UV resistance
 Good thermal insulation
polycarbonate (PC)
-  Higher manufacturing cost

Application:
Windscreens, rear and side windows

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 Polyurethane (PU Chemistry)

Humidity migration Reaction starts Crosslinked polymer

1-component product
• cures by humidity / atmospheric
moisture to a cross-linked polymer
• curing from outside to inside

H2O H2O

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 Polyurethane (PU Chemistry)

Cure mechanism
Important adhesive data during application for 1C polyurethane

 Open time
time in which the substrates have to be assembled in order to obtain maximum tensile
shear strength

 Initial strength / Green strength

required time for handling the parts / time to reach ~1MPa

 Curing/ Setting time

time to reach final (90%) mechanical properties

10 PU Technology 10
 Polyurethane (PU Chemistry)

WHY ONLY PU?

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 Teroson PU 8590 DGX Kit
®

Product Overview

Features & Benefits

• Very good sag resistance
• High cure rate
• High shear strength and good elasticity, even after
aging
• Excellent adhesion to glass, glass with ceramic
coating, encapsulation and to painted surfaces, in
connection with primer/activator

Application Areas
• It is used for the bonding of front, rear and side
screens to the body of cars.

Working
Instructions

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 Teroson PU 9092 PL
®

Product Overview

Teroson® PU 9092 PL is one part high modulus and high viscosity modified
polyurethane sealant. It is a quick setting and air moisture curing sealant.

HIGH STRENGTH MOISTURE CURE HIGH QUICK

VISCOSITY SET

13 Teroson® PU 9092 PL 13
 Teroson PU 9092 PL – Benefits
®

NO PRIMER HIGH THIXOTROPY VERSATILE BONDING

LOWER TURNAORUND TIME EASE OF APPLICATION EXCELLENT STRENTH

COST BETTER VARIETY OF

SAVINGS BONDING MATERIALS

14 Teroson® PU 9092 PL 14
 Polyurethane
DGX Application

 Application on newly painted frame (PU 9092PL & PU 8590)

 Application on glass with internal beading on frame

 Importance of primer application

 Importance of quantity of adhesive on bonding

 Effect of Surrounding and Environmental conditions on product

15 PU Technology 15
 Polyurethane
DGX Application

 Troubleshooting Techniques

 Where was the product stored? Observe the silica beads

 Observe the application area/surrounding
 Is it Adhesion failure or Cohesion failure?
 Where has the product bonded? Frame or Glass?
 How much is the gap between frame and glass after bonding?
 Is it completely filled by product?
 Is there primer present on the debonded surface?
 Is the debonding observed on complete frame or a part of it?

16 PU Technology 16
 Can you imagine if this
seal failed?

17 November 3, 2017 17
 Polyurethane (PU Chemistry)

Humidity migration Reaction starts Crosslinked polymer

1-component product
• cures by humidity / atmospheric
moisture to a cross-linked polymer
• curing from outside to inside

H2O H2O

18 November 3, 2017 18
 MS (Modified Silane Chemistry)

Humidity migration Reaction starts By-product Releasing Crosslinked polymer

1-component product
• cures by humidity / atmospheric
moisture to a cross-linked polymer
• curing from outside to inside

H2O H2O

19 November 3, 2017 19
 Cure mechanism
1 component system (1k)

 The higher the humidity the faster the cure

 The higher the temperature the faster the cure

Depth of Cure

40°C / 23°C /
95% rH 50% rH

5°C /
30% rH

Curing Time

20 SMP Technology 20
 MS (Modified Silane Chemistry)

Cure mechanism
Important adhesive data during application for 1C MS Polymers

 Skin Formation Time/ Tack free Time

time in which a skin is formed onto the adhesive bead

 Initial strength / Green strength

required time for handling the parts / time to reach ~1MPa

 Curing/ Setting time

time to reach final (90%) mechanical properties

21 PU Technology 21
 MS (Modified Silane Chemistry)

WHY ONLY MS?

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 Teroson MS 930
Product Overview

Features & Benefits

• Weathering- and UV-resistant
• Rapid skin formation
• Can be painted over
• Free of solvents, odorless
• Easy to spread and smooth for brushed textures
• Good sag resistance & Gap filling
• Vibration and shock absorbing properties
• Free of isocyanate and silicone

Application Areas
• Elastic sealing of joints and seams

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 Teroson PU 9108 White
®

Product Overview

Features & Benefits

• Can be painted over
• Good sag resistance & Gap filling
• Vibration and shock absorbing properties

Application Areas
• Elastic sealing of joints and seams

Probable
Applications

Probable
Applications

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Thank You!