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Name : Tutik Ratna Ningtyas

NIM : 2011060140

Class : K.306

THE ANALYSIS OF POEMS

1. Meeting at Night By Robert Browning

I
The grey sea and the long black land;
And the yellow half-moon large and low;
And the startled little waves that leap
In fiery ringlets from their sleep,
As I gain the cove with pushing prow,
And quench its speed i' the slushy sand.

II
Then a mile of warm sea-scented beach;
Three fields to cross till a farm appears;
A tap at the pane, the quick sharp scratch
And blue spurt of a lighted match,
And a voice less loud, thro' its joys and fears,
Than the two hearts beating each to each!

a. Intrinsic Elements
This poem is one of Robert Browning’s love poems. This poem tells about the
relationship. This poem
portrays a relationship between two persons that shouldn’t love each
other. Therefore they plan a
meeting at a night. The first stanza of this poem depicts someone struggles to wade
through the sea to
meet his love. Meanwhile the second stanza shows that finally he
arrives in the coast and must walk
passing a mile of three fields. The fact that he actually is forbidden to meet his
lover is revealed in the
fifth line of the second stanza And a voice less loud, thro'
its joys and fears . “Joys” represents the
happiness of meeting his lover whereas “fears” shows his disobeying
the rule that he is forbidden to
meet her.

- Structure
This Robert Browning’s love poem consists of two stanzas which has
six lines of each. This
structure can be categorized as closed-structure poem.

- Rhyme
The i nteresting unique sound can be found in the end of each line. Both
stanzas have the same
rhyme. The sound in the end of the first line is the same as the sound in the end
of the sixth or the last
line of each stanza. The sound in the end of the second line is the same as the
fifth line. Meanwhile the
third is the same as the forth. We can conclude that the rhyme of this poem is
ABCCBA.
- Theme
This poem presents someone’s struggle to meet the one he loves although they
are forbidden to
meet. It gives combination tones of spirit, joy, and fear. The joy here is
because he will meet his love
even though at the silent night, then he must sail through the sea and walk across
a mile of fields, and
the fear is because actually he is forbidden to meet her.

- Diction
Robert Browning here choses the word “prow” instead of “ship” because prow
is the front part of
ship so the reader will not imagine the ship itself but the attainment that the
speaker gains the cove.

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Name : Tutik Ratna Ningtyas

NIM : 2011060140

Class : K.306

- Symbol
The grey sea and long-black land symbolize the sea at night
Lighted match symbolize an answer from someone
Joys and fears which have nearly opposite meaning. Here joys symbolize
the feeling of joyful
when the speaker meets his lover. Whereas fears shows
the feeling that in fact they are
forbidden to meet.

- Figurative Language
Metaphor : And blue spurt of a lighted match
Personification : Than the two hearts beating each to each

b. Extrinsic Elements
- Author’s Biography
Robert Browning was born 7 May 1812, first child and only
son of Robert Browning and Sarah
Wiedemann Browning. Robert was an impulsive, fearless little boy who was also
rather a prodigy, writing
poems and reading Homer at a very young age. He learned many languages and devoured
his father's
history books. He was a major poet of the Victorian age. He
was widely recognized as a master of
dramatic monologue and psychological portraiture. Browning was a
prolific writer but is most well-
known for his long form black poem The ring and The Book, the
story of a Roman murder trial in 12
books. He also wrote series of lyrics, including the Pied Piper of Hamelin and
Prophyria’s Lover.

- Setting
"Meeting at Night" is a Victorian English love poem by
Robert Browning. The original poem
appeared in Dramatic Romances and Lyrics (1845) in which "Night" and "Morning" were
two sections. In
1849, the poet separated them into the two poems "Meeting at Night" and "Parting at
Morning". The
poem (like others of the 1845 collection) was written during the courtship period
of Browning with his
future wife Elizabeth Barrett. Kennedy and Hair describe the poem as the "most
sensual poem" he had
written up to that time. This poem is related to Browning’s love story. In 1845 He
met the poet Elizabeth
Barret (six years elder). Their relationship was disapproved by Elizabeth’s father.
Later the marriage was a
secret and they went to Italy afterwards.

2. The Waking By Theodore Roethke

I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.
I feel my fate in what I cannot fear.
I learn by going where I have to go.

We think by feeling. What is there to know?

I hear my being dance from ear to ear.
I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.

Of those so close beside me, which are you?

God bless the Ground! I shall walk softly there,
And learn by going where I have to go.

Light takes the Tree; but who can tell us how?

The lowly worm climbs up a winding stair;
I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.

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Name : Tutik Ratna Ningtyas

NIM : 2011060140

Class : K.306

Great Nature has another thing to do

To you and me; so take the lively air,
And, lovely, learn by going where to go.

This shaking keeps me steady. I should know.

What falls away is always. And is near.
I wake to sleep, and take my waking slow.
I learn by going where I have to go

a. Intrinsic Elements
Roethke puts his own view towards this life. He sees that living and death
are so close. And that the
death is the purpose of the living. I wake to sleep can be assume as the death is
the final destination of
the living. And take my waking slow can be assumed that we should
be careful to spend the time of
living in the world. This line I wake to sleep, and take my waking slowly however
becomes the main point
of this poem because this line is repeated four times. The other line that can be
accepted as the point of
this poem is I learn by going where I have to go which can be assumed that we have
to learn when we
have time to tive. This line appears in the end of this poem to strengthen the
suggestion.

- Structure
Even tough the last stanza of this poem has different structure that it
consists of four lines whereas
the others consist of three lines, this poem can be categorized as closed-
structure because the last line
of this poem functions to strengthen the other line ; the third line of the first
stanza.

- Rhyme
This well-structured poem by Theodore Roethke has also well-structured
rhyme. The first and the
third lines of each stanza have the same sound in the end of each. Meanwhile in the
last stanza, the first,
third and the last lines have the same sound in the end. So the rhyme of this poem
is ABA, and the of the
last stanza is ABAA

- Theme
This poem describe Roethke's view toward this life. He portrays how to live
in this living and how
to face the death as the purpose of this living. Both of living and death are so
close, so we have to live
carefully and learning wherever we can obtain knowledge.

- Diction
Roethke uses some words to represent natural life such as:
Tree : as the natural component in the earth
Ground : as the place where everything in this earth in
Great nature : as the power of the living and the death

- Symbol
Wake symbolize the living. The time when humans can learn anything
they should learn and
take the time carefully to face the death
Sleep symbolize the death. The purpose of human's living.
Ground symbolize the earth where humans walk and take the time of their
living.
Tree symbolize the life. As we know tree provides oxygen for human's
breathing need
Great nature symbolize the God. Who has powerful decision about human's
fate and destiny

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Name : Tutik Ratna Ningtyas

NIM : 2011060140
Class : K.306

- Figurative Language
Personification : Light takes the Tree ; Great Nature has another thing
to do

b. Extrinsic Elements
- Author’s Biography
Roethke was born in Saginaw, Michigan and grew up on the
west side of the Saginaw River. His
father, Otto, was a German immigrant, a market-gardener who owned a large local 25
acre greenhouse,
along with his brother (Theodore's uncle). Much of Theodore's childhood was spent
in this greenhouse,
as reflected by the use of natural images in his poetry. In early 1923 when Roethke
was 14 years old, his
uncle committed suicide and his father died of cancer, and these events no doubt
impacted him deeply
and influenced his work. Through this poem he describe how close the death to the
living is.
He is widely regarded as among the most accomplished and
influential poets of his generation.
Roethke's work is characterized by its introspection, rhythm and
natural imagery. He was awarded
the Pulitzer Prize for poetry in 1954 for his book, The Waking,
and he won the annual National Book
Award for Poetry twice, in 1959 for Words for the Wind[2] and posthumously in 1965
for The Far Field

- Setting
The Waking is a poem written by Theodore Roethke in 1953 lawlz in the form
of a villanelle. It is a
self-reflexive poem that describes wake to sleep means the living for the death.

3. Homage to My Hips By Lucille Clifton

these hips are big hips
they need space to
move around in.
they don't fit into little
petty places. these hips
are free hips.
they don't like to be held back.
these hips have never been enslaved,
they go where they want to go
they do what they want to do.
these hips are mighty hips.
these hips are magic hips.
i have known them
to put a spell on a man and
spin him like a top!

a. Intrinsic Elements
Phis poem portrays “big hips” as black women who need to get their rights and
freedom to not be
enslaved, to do what they want to do, and to be treated equally as men. However
Clifton is the American
black woman who actively fight for black woman's right. This poem as one of her
action towards the
slavery in America where black women were treated as slaves and sexual victims.

- Structure
Lucille Clifton presents this poem by not structuring in stanzas. She doesn't
separate the fifteen
lines. So this poem has opened-structure.

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Name : Tutik Ratna Ningtyas

NIM : 2011060140

Class : K.306

- Rhyme
This fifteen lines opened-structure poem doesn't sound rhyming. So this poem
can be categorized
as unrhymed poem.

- Theme
This poem is presented to show Clifton's idea of gender equality.

- Diction
Clifton uses many words from human body's terminology. She uses hips as the most
explored part of
human's body especially woman's body. Hips here not only represents organic matter
or sexuality matter
but also as woman's symbol for rights, responsibility and freedom which
need a “place” as the men
equally.

- Symbol
Hips : symbolize woman's right and freedom. Clifton's idea is that women
must have equal right
and freedom to men. Women must be given opportunities to do what they
want to do. Hips
also symbolize as black women in America.
Mighty : symbolize how women can be so powerful if they are allowed to
use their rights.
Magic : symbolize that women have a power that might be out of the men's
imagination

- Figurative Language
Personification: they don't like to be held back ; they go where they
want to go ; they do what
they want to do (they = hips)
Hyperbole : these hips are mighty hips ; these hips are magic hips.

b. Extrinsic Elements
- Author's biography
Lucile Clifton was born in Depew, New York on June 27th 1936. Her
family's roots can be traced to

the west-African kingdom of Dahomey new, the Republic of Benin. She was told by
her mother to be
proud because she is from Dahomey. She is the first Black Woman to be
“legally hanged” for
manslaughter in the State of Kentucky during the time of
slavery in the US. She was a professor of
literature and creative writing at the University of California, Santa Cruz.

- Setting
This poem was presented during the time of slavery in US. And was made in
Clifton's home town,
New York. This poem was presented as one of Clifton's action against the slavery in
US.