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Objective: The project aims at developing research aptitude in the students and enhancing their
analytical skills as well as critical thinking abilities.
Evaluation
The evaluation of the project will consist of
(1) Evaluation of Project Report
(2) Evaluation of Presentation and Viva on Project.
Project Report
The report should contain the following:
1. Introduction including Theoretical Background, Objectives and Scope of the study.
2. Literature Review and Rationale/Importance of the Study
3. Research Methodology
4. Analysis of Data
5. Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
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SCHEDULE & EVALUATION OF RESEARCH PROJECT WORK 2019-20
Note: 1. External Examiners from Industry/Academia may be present in the Viva Panel.
2. Delay in submission as scheduled will result into negative marking of 2 marks per
day.
3. Student will be solely responsible for timely submission of chapters and getting
review from faculty supervisor as per mentioned dates. In case of any difficulty
regarding feedback, student needs to write and meet Dean Academics before each
due date after which no excuse will be accepted.
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METHODOLOGY OF PROJECT WORK
The methodology for carrying out the project is given in the following paragraphs. Each student is
to compile his/her study in five chapters as detailed below:
Chapter-I: Introduction
2. Company / Sector Profile: This is applicable only if the study is based on some specific
sector/company. Briefly explain the nature of the organisation and its business. It should include
type of industry & business in which the company is operating, its vision & mission, geographical &
functional area of operation, size of organisation & its structure, turnover, market share & position
of the company in the industry, product range, present leadership, strengths & weaknesses, if any.
3. Objectives of Study: It should be pragmatic and consistent with the title of the study and
achievable during the course of study within the prescribed schedule. Students are advised to
develop the objectives in consultation with their respective guides. The objectives must start with
action oriented verbs. A sample of objectives is given below as example:
(b) To compare the market share of branded and local manufacturers of RO Water Purifier.
4. Scope of Project: The scope of project should clearly mention the activities that are actually
performed in the study. It should include the period of project, the functional area (HR, Finance and
Marketing) and volume of work carried out in the study. With reference to above objectives, the
scope of project could be as follows (note this is suggestive and not exhaustive):
(a) To collect and analyse the sales data of RO Water Purifiers in Delhi region of last five years.
For this purpose secondary data from the published sources and the dealers is collected.
(b) To carry out market survey of customer perception for the use of RO Water Purifier. For this
purpose the geographical area selected is Dwarka locality. Data is collected through a questionnaire
that is attached as Annexure I.”
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Chapter-II: Literature Review
The literature review is a written overview of major writings and other sources on a selected topic.
Sources covered in the review may include scholarly journal articles, books, government reports,
Web sites, etc. The literature review provides a description, summary and evaluation of each source.
The purpose of the literature review is to provide a critical written account of the current state of
research on the selected topic:
i) Search on google scholar, the library catalogue, subject specific databases and other search tools to
find sources that are relevant to your topic.
ii) Read and evaluate the sources and determine their suitability to the understanding of topic at
hand.
iii) Analyse, interpret and discuss the findings and conclusions of the sources you selected.
End this chapter with rationale for your study explaining how your study will contribute to the
existing body of knowledge on that topic and how it fills the gaps existing in research on that topic.
(a) Primary Data Collection Sources: If the project is based on primary data, data collection
should be done through a questionnaire which should be made part of the project report as
annexure. The questionnaire should be consistent with the objectives and the scope of the
study and duly vetted by the respective faculty supervisor. The questionnaire should be
designed in a simple language so that the targeted population must understand and is able to
respond effectively.
(b) Secondary Data Collection Sources: In case of any secondary data, proper references of
sources of data must be compiled and mentioned against each data used in the study in the
following manner (with reference to above example):
(i) The sales data of Forbes & Kent brands of RO Water Purifier is collected from their Annual
Financial Statements for the period 2002-2006.”
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2. Methodology:
a) Universe/Population: The universe consists of all survey elements that qualify for inclusion in
the research study. The precise definition of the universe for a particular study is set by the research
question/objectives, which specifies who or what is of interest. The universe may be individuals,
groups of people, organizations, or even objects. For example, research about voting in an upcoming
election would have a universe comprising all voters.
The students should define the universe/population selected for conducting the study using primary
data.
b) Sample & Sampling Units: The characteristics of whole population are difficult to study in most
of the researches. In order to best analyse the results, sample is taken from the population which
best describes the characteristics of the population. A sample is a sub group of the population
selected for the study and best describes the population.
The term sampling unit refers to a singular value within a sample database. For example, if you
were conducting research using a sample of university students, a single university student would
be a sampling unit. Another example of a sampling unit could be if you were conducting online
research with 50 households, one household would be a singular sampling unit.
The students should explain about the respondents from whom the primary data was collected.
c) Sample Size: The sample size of a survey most typically refers to the number of units/respondents
that were chosen from which data was gathered. The sample size selected for the study should be
mentioned in the report. The justification for selecting the sample size (total number of respondents)
should also be explained.
d) Sampling Technique: A sampling technique is the name of the technique or identification of the
specific process by which the entities/ respondents of the sample have been selected. There are
basically two type of sampling methods- probability sampling methods and non- probability
sampling methods which are further divided into different types.
The Sampling technique should be selected according to the problem under study. The justification
for selecting particular sampling technique should also be explained.
e) Tools Used for Data Analysis: In this part the students have to explain the concepts, tools and
techniques used for data analysis. The rational and justification for using a particular tool and
technique should be explained. For example, if a student uses Standard Deviation as a statistical tool,
he should explain the concept of Standard Deviation and its relevance to the study along with its
formula.
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Chapter IV- Data Analysis & Interpretation
Raw data (primary or secondary) collected must be reduced to standard formats such as tables,
charts, graphs, diagrams, etc. and is to be presented in this chapter. The tool for data presentation
should be suitably selected so that interpretation and inferences could be drawn easily and become
self-explanatory. Proper titles, legends, scales, source (s), etc. must be mentioned along with each
diagram.
In this chapter, students are required to present the data in the form of tables & graphs/charts and
inferences have to be drawn through data analysis. Students should apply established theoretical
concepts, tools and techniques (discussed in Chapter-I and III) to the data presented and draw
inferences. Students are required to discuss rationale and logic for drawing inferences. For each
inference, proper linkages are to be established with the data analysed in this chapter. Wherever,
calculations are to be carried out, it must be provided before drawing any inference. The inferences
are to be presented in narrative form from each data set along with any limitation (s) due to data
insufficiency, if any.
(a) Findings of the Study: These are to be presented and supported by facts & figures in
narrative form and be extracted from the Chapter-IV. The sequence of the results must be
consistent with the objectives of the study mentioned in Chapter-I.
(b) Conclusion: The concluding paragraph should summarize and conclude the study in brief
giving your interpretation and understanding drawn from the findings.
(c) Recommendations: Suggestion based on the main findings of the study should be
incorporated.
(d) Scope for further Study: Any scope for extension of the study to new geographical areas,
segments, time with larger data, is to be mentioned under this heading.
(e) Limitations: The limitations could be mentioned in terms of data insufficiency, time &
expertise constraints etc.
Bibliography:
The standard format for referencing should be used for writing the Bibliography. In business and
social science research, the two most accepted formats are those of Harvard and APA (American
Psychological Association). Both formats to quote various type of sources that you may have referred
are given below for your reference. Note the formatting and punctuations very carefully:
Journal Article:
APA: Lazear, E. P. (2000). Performance pay and productivity. American Economic Review, 90(5), 1346-1361.
Harvard: Lazear, E.P., 2000. Performance pay and productivity. American Economic Review, 90(5), pp.1346-1361.
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Book Article:
APA: Dwivedi, A. (2019). Peace in Economic Equilibrium: A Micro-Perspective. In Handbook of Research on
Promoting Peace Through Practice, Academia, and the Arts (pp. 427-439). IGI Global.
Harvard: Dwivedi, A., 2019. Peace in Economic Equilibrium: A Micro-Perspective. In Handbook of Research on
Promoting Peace Through Practice, Academia, and the Arts (pp. 427-439). IGI Global.
Book:
APA: Coelli, T. J., Rao, D. S. P., O'Donnell, C. J., & Battese, G. E. (2005). An introduction to efficiency and
productivity analysis. Springer Science & Business Media.
Harvard: Coelli, T.J., Rao, D.S.P., O'Donnell, C.J. and Battese, G.E., 2005. An introduction to efficiency and
productivity analysis. Springer Science & Business Media.
When accessing online sources, care should be taken to mention the entire link, and not merely
the website, in addition to date of access.
Give full link of the webpage, (example, for RBI Annual Report which you searched on google,
www.google.com is not accepted, correct would be:
https://m.rbi.org.in/Scripts/AnnualReportPublications.aspx?Id=1239 accessed on (date)
and (time). (from where and when you actually accessed the report).
Appendix/Annexure
An appendix contains data that cannot be placed in the main document and has references in the
original copy or file. An annexure, on the other hand, is usually a standalone document that offers
additional information than contained in the main document.
Thus, your questionnaire (in case of primary data collected through survey) and approval mail from
project supervisor will be given as annexure in the project report. Annexures are to be put in the end
of the report and numbered as Annexure-I, Annexure-II and so on.
The appendices (in case of secondary data like balance sheets of a company or stock price data from
NSE) are to be attached at the end of the report and to be numbered as Appendix-A, Appendix-B and
so on. Below the word Appendix write in parenthesis “Refer Para No__”. The para number should be
the number in the body of text where the reference of appendix is given. An appendix may also have
annexure(s). The annexures, if any, are to be attached immediately after the said appendix. The
annexures of Appendix- A are to be numbered as Annexure- A(I), Annexure- A(II) etc.
List of Appendices /Annexures is to be given after the index in the beginning of report.
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FORMAT OF THE PROJECT REPORT
Sequence
1. The final report should be written and compiled in the following the sequence:
Title Page
Certificate
3. The format of the certificate is attached as Annexure-II. The certificate from the faculty
supervisor is to be attached after the title page.
Declaration
Acknowledgements
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Executive Summary
8. The guidelines for writing the Project Report (methodology) are detailed in the guidelines.
Following aspects must be adhered to:
(a) Page Size: Good quality white A4 size executive bond paper should be used for typing
and duplication.
(b) Chapter Numbering: The chapters are to be numbered as Chapter-1, Chapter-2 etc.
The heading/title of the chapter is to appear below the chapter number in uppercase.
(d) Page Numbers: All text pages starting from Body of the Project Report should be
numbered at the bottom center of the pages.
(i) Font Size: 12, Times New Roman, Double Spacing, Single Side Writing.
(ii) Paragraphs Heading Font Size: 14, Times New Roman, Bold
(iii) Page/Title Font Size: 16, UPPER CASE, Bold
(f) Structure of Final Report: A project report should be covered between 75 to 100
typed pages in double space about 12,000 words (excluding Appendices and Bibliography)
on A4 size paper with 12 font size. 10 % variation is permissible.
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(g) Table and Figure Number: Table numbers are to be written at the top of the table and
figure numbers are to be written at the bottom of the figure/graph/diagram as given
below:
Bibliography
Appendices
10. The appendices / annexures are to be attached at the end of the report and to be numbered
as Appendix-A, Appendix-B etc. right justified at the top of the page. Below the word Appendix write
in parenthesis “Refer Para No__”. The para number should be the number in the body of text where
the reference of appendix is given. The annexures are to be attached after the appendices. The
annexures are to be numbered as Annexure-I, Annexure-II etc.
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Annexure-I
“……………………TITLE OF THE
PROJECT……………………………………………………………………………”
Submitted to
ASIAN BUSINESS SCHOOL, NOIDA
in partial fulfilment for the award of full time
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Annexure-II
CERTIFICATE
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
is submitted to Asian Business School, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the Post
_____________, (Enrollment No. of Student). The project has been done under my supervision &
guidance and the project has not formed the basis for the award of any degree / diploma or other similar
SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
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Annexure-III
DECLARATION
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
is an original piece of research work carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of
__________________ (name of faculty supervisor). The information has been collected from genuine &
authentic sources. The work has been submitted in partial fulfilment of Post Graduate Diploma in
_____________________(student Signature)
Student Name
Date:
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Annexure-IV
CONTENTS
LIST OF TABLES
Table No Title Page No
1 Number of Employees in Organisation ABC
2
LIST OF FIGURES
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