CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM:

Cardiovascular system is the transport system of the body that consists of three
main component HEART,BLOOD VESSLES AND BLOOD. The heart is
the system that pumps blood and the blood vessels are like the delivery routes.
Blood can be thought of as a fluid which contains the oxygen and nutrients the body
needs and carries the wastes which need to be removed.

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES:

Cardiovascular diseases refer to diseases involving the heart and blood vessels.

Cardiovascular disease can damage HEART (CORONARY HEART

DISEASES such as angina, heart attack, heart failure,
arrhythmias) OR BRAIN (STROKE, TIA) OR PHEREPHERAL
VASCULATURE (CLAUDICATION ,ULCERATION AND
AMPUTATION).

ARTHEROSCLEROSCLEROSIS:

Arteriosclerosis occurs when the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients
from heart to the rest of body (arteries) become thick and stiff — sometimes
restricting blood flow to organs and tissues. Healthy arteries are flexible and
elastic, but over time, the walls in arteries can harden, a condition commonly
called hardening of the arteries.it is slowly progressive disease. Causes include
damage or injury to the inner layer of the artery. Damage may be caused by high
blood pressure, high cholesterol, high triglycerides, smoking or other sources of
tobacco, inflammation of the arteries, insulin resistance and obesity.
SYMPTOMS include pain in claves, thighs or buttocks and non-healing ulcers.

STROKE:

Stroke occurs when blood flow to an area in the brain is cut off. SYMPTOMS
include sudden numbness or weakness, sudden confusion, roble speaking, sudden
Visual loss,sudden trouble walking, instability, sudden severe headache with no
known cause. CAUSES being overweight or obese, less physical activity, use of
illegal drugs, high blood pressure,smoking,diabetes,genetics.

HEART FAILURE:

When the heart is unable to pump sufficiently blood to maintain blood flow to
meet the body needs. CAUSES include virus, toxins, hypertension, postpartum,
ischemia, valve disease that cause heart muscle injury and in turn cause heart
failure. SYMPTOMS include shortness of breath, fatigue,
edema .TRAETMENT include salt and fluid restriction, medications include
ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, angiotensin receptor blockers, digoxin,
devices( resynchronization therapy).

ARRYTHMIAS:

a condition in which there is irregular heartbeats with abnormal rhythm.

SYMPTOMS include palpitations, lightheadedness, chest pain, shortness of
breath, fatigue, anxiety. CAUSES include high blood pressure, high cholesterol,
coronary heart disease, injury from heart attack.

Heart valve disease:

It is characterized by damage to or in one of the four heart valves.it may be

pulmonic, aortal ,mitral, tricuspid heart valve disease.

In heart valve dysfunction valve become narrow and impede forward flow.
Become incompetent and allow backward flow. SYMPTOMS include shortness
of breath, fatigue, chest pain, susceptibility to infection ,death. TREATMENT
includes medications, surgery and percutaneous repair.