Prep-DS Easy

Explanations:

1). Question: a^-x > b^-y? --> 1/a^x > 1/b^y?

We need to find a definite YES or NO.

Statement I is insufficient: a < b If a=2 and b = 8 and x = 1 and y = 1 then YES. But if a = 2
and b = 8 and x = 100 and y = 1 then NO. Insufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: x < y If a = 2 and b = 8 and x = 1 and y = 2 then YES. But if a =

100 and b = 1 then NO. Insufficient.

Together I and II, a < b and x < y,

We know that b>a and y>x. Thus:

1.b^y>a^y

2.a^y>a^x

Thus, b^y>a^x. Sufficient.

OR-

Plug in numbers sufficient.

So the answer is C.

2). Let P, T1 and T2 be the price of the meal, tax and tip respectively.

Given, P+T1+T2=30, P=?

Statement I is sufficient: T1+T2=0.2*P ---> from the given equation, P+0.2P=30, you can
solve for P. This statement is sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient: T1/T2 = 0.25 ---> T2=4*T1 ---> clearly this will lead to an
equation with 2 variables, P+T1+4*T1=30---> P+5*T1=30. We cannot eliminate T1 to get P.
Thus this statement is NOT sufficient.

So the answer is A.

3). Statement I is insufficient: A workday yield is 45 litres

Insufficient: We don’t know the total volume of crop to be picked

Statement II is insufficient: The expected crop is 13,500 litres

Insufficient: We don’t know the rate i.e. workday yield per worker.

Together I and II,

Sufficient: Number of workers = (total crop volume)/(yield per day * number of days)

N=13500(45)∗(15)=20

So the answer is C.

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4). x: total cans of peaches

0.015x: number of cans that failed inspection

0.015x*5/6: number of cans that wrong label

0.015x*1/6: number of cans that dented red

Since all the cans that were incorrectly labelled or dented red, there's no can that both
incorrectly and dented red.

Statement I is sufficient: 450 of the cans of peaches inspected yesterday at the plant failed
to pass inspection: number of cans that were dented red = 0.015x/6 = 450/6 = 75 =>
sufficient

Statement II is sufficient: 29,550 of the cans of peaches inspected yesterday at the plant
passed inspection.

Total cans that passed inspection = 1 - 0.015x = 29,550 => x=30,000

Number of cans that were dented red = (0.015*30,000)/6 = 75 => sufficient

So the answer is D.

5). Let x be the amount of apple juice to be added.

Let y be the amount of canberry juice in the container.

Question is x?

Statement I is insufficient:

Given x = (3/2) y

We don’t know anything about the total litres. So not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient:

No info about x. Given that y = 5

Together I and II,

x = (3/2)*5 = 7.5

So sufficient.

So the answer is C.

6). Since both of them travelled the same distance, we just need to know their speeds to
compare the time.

Statement I is sufficient:

This tells Steve’s have the greater speed. So definitely Larissa would have taken more
time.

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So sufficient:

Statement II is insufficient:

Knowing the distance will not help anything here.

So not sufficient.

So the answer is A.

7). Statement I is insufficient: The diameter of the larger gear is twice the diameter of
smaller gear.

Insufficient: This means - the circumference of the larger gear is twice that of smaller gear.
I.e. 1 revolution of larger gear = smaller gear rotates two times.

Even if we know relative ratio for diameters, we don’t know what rate at they are revolving
per minute.

- If the gears are rotating at extreme high speed, they will wear out soon -> hence
difference of their life (in minutes) will be smaller.

- If the gears are rotating at extreme slow speed, they will last lot longer -> hence
difference of their life (in minutes) will be much larger.

Hence we cannot conclude how many days the gears will last long.

Statement II is insufficient: The smaller gear revolves 600 times per minute.

Insufficient: This information is clearly insufficient. This tells the revolution rate only for
smaller gear. No info about larger gear (speed or relative diameter ratio)

Together I and II,

Sufficient: As we know smaller gear has 600 RPM and 1/2 the diameter than larger one ->
the larger gear rotate at half the speed i.e. 300 RPM and hence we can find out how many
days they can last long.

No of days larger gear lasts longer than smaller gear =

6,000,000,000/24∗60∗60minutes∗((1/300)−(1/600))=115.74days.

So the answer is C.

8). Statement I is insufficient: Sally gave each friend 8 pieces of candy. Clearly insufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: Sally had 7 pieces of candy left after giving candy to her
friends. Also insufficient.

Together I and II, If Sally gave candy to 2 of her friends, then she had 7+2*8=22 pieces of
candy but if she gave candy to 3 of her friends, then she had 7+3*8=31 pieces of candy.
Not sufficient.

So the Answer is E.

9). Set A contains Set B. Question is number of elements is Set A?

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Statement I is insufficient:

Set B is 14 elements. So Set A has to be greater than or equal to 14. So still we don’t know
how many elements. So not sufficient,

Statement II is insufficient:

We don’t know how many elements in set B. We only know that 20% of elements in Set A
are in Set B.

Together I and II sufficient,

14 elements in set B is 20% of elements in set A.

So set A has 70 elements.

So sufficient,

So the answer is C.

10). Length of line segment PQ?

Statement I is insufficient:

From this we only infer that RS = ST. Nothing about PQ. So not sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient:

If PT = 10 and QT = 6

Then PQ = 4

Sufficient.

So the answer is B.

11). Statement I is insufficient: 2^x=m(2^y) --> divide both sides by 2^y: 2^(x−y)=m. We
need the value of m to get the value of x-y. Not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: m is a multiple of 4. Clearly insufficient.

Together I and II, We still don't know the value of m: if m=4, then 2^(x−y)=2^2 and in this
case x−y=2 but if m=8, then 2^(x−y)=2^3 and in this case x−y=3. Not sufficient.

So the Answer is E.

12). Statement I is insufficient: x^m=81. No info about n. Not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: 1+x^(n−m)=10 --> x^(n−m)=9 --> (x^n)/(x^m)=9 --> x^n=9x^m

--> x^m+x^n=10x^m. Not sufficient.

Together I and II, x^m+x^n=10*x^m=10∗81. Sufficient.

So the Answer is C.

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13). Statement I is insufficient: The difference between the last integer in T and the first
integer in T is 100. This implies that there are 101 integers in the list. T could be any list of
101 consecutive integers. For example, {0, 1, 2, ..., 100} or {1, 2, 3, ..., 101}. Not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: The fourth integer in T is -6. This implies that the first integer is
-9. We don't know how many integers are there in the list, hence cannot get the sum. Not
sufficient.

Together I and II, We know that the first integer is -9 and that there are total of 101
integers in the list: T = {-9, -8, -7, -6, ..., 91}. We can get the sum. Sufficient.

So the Answer is C.

14). Question is 2m=3n ?

Statement I is insufficient:

m≠0 --> clearly insufficient as no info about n.

Statement II is sufficient:

6m=9n --> reduce by 3: 2m=3n, so this statement directly answers the question (so here it
doesn't matter whether m and n are integers). Sufficient.

So the Answer is B.

15). Interest Rate per month: 6%/12 months = 0.5% (monthly)

Statement I is sufficient: As of June1 of last year, the investment had earned $200 in
interest.

Sufficient: interest earned in one month = $200

Principal∗(0.5/100)=200

Principal amount = $40000. Hence sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient: As of July 1 of last year, the investment had earned $401 in
interest.

Sufficient: interest earned in two months = $401

Principal∗(1+0.5/100)∗(0.5/100)=401

We can solve this equation to find out Principal amount. Hence sufficient.

So the answer is D.

16). Statement I is insufficient: The distance from P to R is 3.

The relation of these points P, R, S with Point Q is unknown.

Hence not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: The distance from Q to S is 9

The relation of these points P, S, Q with Point R is unknown

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Hence not sufficient

Together I and II,

PR = 3

QS = 9

PS = 10

P1Q2R7S

The arrangement will be as mentioned above with the Numbers representing distance
between two adjacent points

Sufficient.

So the answer is C.

17). Range = largest – smallest

Statement I is insufficient: x(min) = 6

Range = 35-6 I.e. < 30 if x is smaller than y. But no info on y. So can't decide.

Statement II is insufficient: x=2y, x and y could be 15 and 30 or 100 and 200 or any other
pair. Nothing can be concluded on range.

Together I and II, x=6, y=12 is min value of x and y. Range = 30 or less

Max value of x and y is 20 and 40.

Range = 40-12+1 I.e. <30

So range has to be less than 30.

So the answer is C.

18).How many seconds to produce 300 bolts?

Statement I is sufficient:

56 Seconds = 40 bolts

420 Seconds = 300 bolts.

So sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient:

1.4 seconds = 1 bolt

420 Seconds = 300 bolts. Similar to statement I.

So sufficient.

So the answer is D.

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19). Question: Is s = 1?

Statement I is insufficient: we might have s=t=1, or s=t=-1, so not sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient:

st = t

st - t = 0

t(s-1) = 0

which is true either if t=0, or if s=1. We are told t is not zero, so it must be that s=1, which
is what the question asked, and the answer is B.

20). Let x,y and z be the age for Adam , Cara and Donna respectively.

Given Cara and Carlos have the same age. So both are y.

Question who is youngest?

Statement I is insufficient:

We know that x < y. Nothing about z

Statement II is insufficient:

We know that z < y. Nothing about x.

Together I and II is still insufficient.

Because we know x and z are less than y. But nothing about x and z.

x can be greater than z or z can be greater than x.

So the answer is E.

21). Clearly Individually statements are not sufficient.

The question asks about the sum of the numbers in a list. When we combine the
statements we get that the sum of positive numbers in the list 7.3 and the sum of negative
numbers in the list is 7.3 - 10.6 = -3.3. So, the sum of all numbers is 7.3 + (-3.3) = 4.

So the Answer is C.

22). Let x, y and z be the amount contributed by Roger, Shelly and Terry respectively.

Given that z = x+50.

Question: y =?

Statement I is insufficient:

Given that x+y+z = 350.

2x+y = 300. Still not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient:

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We know that x = y. But nothing about the total.

Together I and II is sufficient.

3x = 300.

So x = 100

Hence y also 100.

So the answer is C.

23). Equilateral triangle: Three sides and three angles are equal(each angle is 60 degrees).

Statement I is insufficient:

We know that if x = y then it is an Isosceles triangle.

Statement II is insufficient:

z = 60. Nothing about other angles.

Together I and II is sufficient.

We know that x+y+z = 180

2x+60 =180. So x and y also 60. So it is equilateral. So sufficient.

So the answer is C.

24). Statement I is insufficient: Nothing about the article price.

Statement II is insufficient: No info about the number of items.

Together I and II is sufficient,

Most Expensive item in the cart is 4.99.

So all the remaining four items would be less than 4.99

So 5*(4.99) < 5 * 5

So total price is less than 25.

So the answer is C.

25). Values of m and n ?

Statement I is sufficient:

√m = 6. So m = 36

Given 3m = 4(n^3),

3* 36 = 4(n^3)

n=3

Statement II is sufficient:

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n^3 = 27. So n = 3

If n = 3, then m = 36

So the answer is D.

26). Statement I is insufficient: BX bisects angle ABY and BY bisects angle XBC. We don't
have any numerical value. Not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: The measure of angle ABX is 40°. We don't have relationship
between angle ABX and angle ABC. Not sufficient.

Together I and II, When we combine the statements we have the following case:

Therefore, the measure of angle ABC is 3 times 40°, so 120°. Sufficient.

So the Answer is C.

27). Consider T as total time taken to record 420 page book. Average time 90secs =
1.5mins.

So question asks is total time T < 420*1.5 i.e. T<630?

Statement I is insufficient:

Each tape was at most 40 minutes

Insufficient: We don’t know how many tapes were recorded

Statement II is insufficient:

The book was recorded on 15 tapes

Insufficient: We don’t know how long each of those 15 takes took for recording

Together I and II sufficient, --We need to prove T<630?

Sufficient: Tape (out of 15 tapes) spent at the most 40 mins (i.e. less than or equal to 40)

Maximum time that could have spent on recording = 15 * 40 = 600 (which is still less than
630)

So the answer is C.

28). Clearly we need to know the values of m and f to find the range.

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Statement I is insufficient:

Nothing about m and f

Statement II is sufficient:

This tell about the value of both m and f. So we can find the range. So sufficient.

So the answer is B.

29). Statement I is insufficient: The total price of the desk and chairs is 5,000 -->
150d+50c=5,000 --> 3d+c=100. c can be more than 40 as well as less than or equal to 40.
For example consider c=40 and d=20 for a NO answer and c=70 and d=10 for an YES
answer. Not sufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: The company bought fewer than 20 desks --> d<20. Clearly
insufficient.

Together I and II, From I, we have that 3d+c=100 and from (2) d<20. Now, even if d=19
(maximum possible value for d) the number of chairs bought would be: 3∗19+c=100 -->
c=43, so still more than 40. Sufficient.

So the Answer is C.

30). Question: No. of Pine Trees =?

Statement I is sufficient: Oak: Pine = 8:5

i.e. Oak = 56 then Pine = 35

Sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient: (Oak+4): Pine = 12:7

i.e. (56+4): Pine = 12:7

i.e. Pine = 35

Sufficient.

So the Answer is D.

31). Given that, Apples: oranges: Tangerines = 3: 2: 5

So the number of fruits is = 3x+2x+5x = 10x

Statement I is sufficient:

Given that 3x+5x = 8

So x = 1

So total fruits are 10. So sufficient.

Statement II is sufficient:

Given that 10x < 12

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So x has to be 1.

So total fruits are 10.

So sufficient.

So the answer is D.

32).Statement I is insufficient: x = 50 centimeters. Clearly insufficient.

Statement II is insufficient: Twelve of the volumes have an average (arithmetic mean)

thickness of 5 centimeters. You most certainly cannot assume that thickness of each of the
20 volumes is 5 centimeters; moreover you cannot even assume that thickness of each of
these 12 volumes is 5 centimeters. Yes, the total thickness of these 12 volumes is
12*5=60 centimeters, but individual thicknesses could be {1, 1, 1... 1, 49} or {2, 2, 2... 2,
38} ... Next, you don't know which 12 volumes have an average thickness of 5 centimeters:
first 12? Last 12? First 6 and last 6? So, this statement is not sufficient.

Together I and II, It's certainly possible that all 20 volumes to have thicknesses of 5
centimeters and in this case the first 10 volumes will fit in the bookrack of 50 centimeters
but it's also possible that the last 12 volumes to have an average thickness of 5
centimeters and the first 8 volumes have thicknesses of 100 meters each (why not?) and in
this case the first 10 volumes will NOT fit in the bookrack of 50 centimeters. Not sufficient.

So the Answer is E.

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