Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
MODUL
E1
PRESENTATION
Part of presentation:
1. Introduction
2. The middle / Main part
3. Conclusion
INTRODUCTION OF PRESENTATION
Opening a presentation:
Welcoming the audience
Introducing yourself
Saying what your topic is
Explain why your topic is relevant for your audience
Outline the structure of your talk
What comes when? Say when you‟ll be dealing with each point / Sequencing
Let the audience know how you‟re organizing the presentation (timing, handouts, question)
Introducing yourself
What comes when? Say when you’ll be dealing with each point / Sequencing
Timing
My presentation will take about 20 minutes.
It should take about 30 minutes to cover these issues.
Handouts
Does everybody have a handout/brochure/report? Please take one and pass them on.
I‟ll be handling out copies of the PowerPoint slides at the end of my talk.
Questions
There will be time for questions after my presentation
If you have any question, feel free to interrupt me at any time.
THE MIDDLE/MAIN PART OF PRESENTATION
Our aim is to
CONCLUSION OF PRESENTATION
Conclusion
Indicating the end of your talk
Summarizing points
Making recommendations/your final statements
Inviting questions
Summarizing points
In my opinion, we should
We therefore recommend that
Inviting questions
And I‟d like to stress one very important point. We do deliver value to our clients. This
next slide lists some of the companies we have worked with. Next to each name is an
estimate of money saved as a result of our recommendations. The figures clearly show
that using the services of Smart Think make a direct impact on profitability and business
success.
OK. That‟s all I want to say about Smart Think. I‟d like to move on now to the subject of
Business Process Outsourcing. What exactly is Business Process Outsourcing? It is using
outside companies to handle your routine business activities – the ones that are not
central to your mission. It leaves you free to do what you do best: product development,
operations, sales and marketing. To give you an example of what I mean, let‟s look at
Human Resources Outsourcing.
Right. That brings me to the end of my presentation. Thank you very much for listening
and I hope you found it useful. Are there any questions?
B. LISTENING
Listen to the openings and complete the sentences!
Presentation 1
1. , let me thank you all for being here today
2. Let me myself. My name is
3. I‟m here today to our new semi-automatic shelving system.
4. My talk is relevant to those of you who for the
different parts we supply.
Presentation 2
5. I‟m so happy that so many of you could today at such sort
6. As you can see on the , our today is project documentation.
7. This is extremely for all of us who are directly in international
project management, right?
Presentation 3
8. I‟m that you all have very tight , so I appreciate you taking the
time to come here today.
9. As you know, my name is I‟m the new manager here at
Weston Ltd.
10. Today‟s topic will be very important for you as since your help to
evaluate and select candidates for training.
Listen to these excerpts from four different presentations. Write the number of the
presentation next to the topic!
Short-time work :
Insurance market :
Handbooks :
Transport regulation :
C. SPEAKING
Give a one minute introduction only to a talk on any topic you like!
D. WRITING
Make sentences from the words below
1. like whenever interrupt you
2. if questions have ask you please any
3. questions until save any the please end
4. you have I a for handout
5. points handout my the includes main the of talk
6. few may notes take to want you a
7. be will discussion there a later
E. GRAMMAR FOCUS
There are several ways you can tell the audience what you are going to say:
going to + infinitive
I’m going to talk to you today about new department
will + infinitive
After that, I’ll move on to my next point
Complete sentences 1-8 with the correct form of the verb and a sentence ending from
below!
you on the proposed training project you up to date on SEKO‟s investment plans
you how the database works you an overview of our present market position
at business opportunities in Asia on our financial targets for the division
by telling you about what Jane‟s group is working on about EU tax reform
F. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Expressions with as
1. READING
Recommendations for Giving Effective Presentation
The key to a successful oral presentation is to keep things simple. I try to stick to three
points. I give an overview of the points, present them to the audience, and summarize them at the
end.
My purpose or desired outcome, the type of audience, and the message dictate the
formality of the presentation, the kind of visuals, the number of anecdotes, and the jokes or
examples that I use. Most of my presentations are designed to sell, to explain, or to motivate.
When I plan the presentation, I think about the audience. Are they professionals or
nonprofessionals? Purchasers or sellers? Providers or users? Internal or external? My purpose
and the audience mix determine the tone and focus of the presentation.
When I make a presentation, I use the visuals as the outline. I will not use notes. I like to
select the kind of visual that not only best supports the message but also best fits the audience
and the physical location. PowerPoint, slides, overhead transparencies, and flip charts are the
four main kinds of visuals I use.
PowerPoint and slide presentations work well when I am selling a product or an idea to
large groups (15 people or more). In this format, I like to use examples and graphs and tables to
support my message in general way.
I get very, very nervous when I speak in public. I handle my nervousness by just trying to
look as if, instead of talking to so many people, I‟m walking in and talking to a single person. I
don‟t like to speak behind lecterns, I like to get out and just be open and portray that openness:
“I‟m here to tell you a story.”
I try very hard for people to enjoy my presentations by showing enthusiasm on the
subject and by being sincere. I try not to use a hard sell – I just try to report or to explain – and I
think that comes across. In addition, it helps that I am speaking about something that I very
strongly believe in and something that I really, really enjoy doing.
Match the seven points below to the right paragraph, 1-7!
Presentation tips
1. CleAR AND simple structure
Remember that your audience will benefit most from a very clear and logical structure.
Don‟t overload the audience and try to use simple language.
2. Your introduction*
Some experts say this is the most important part of your presentation. In the first few
minutes you can get your audience‟s attention, build rapport, and create a positive
impression.
3. Topic AND objective
Clearly say what the topic and objective (or purpose) of your talk is. Repeat the topic and
objective at some later time.
4. Signposting*
Let the audience know at all times what you want to do and how you want to do it. This
method is common in American business world.
5. RepeATing new inforMAtion
Always repeat new details. This helps your audience to remember them and ensures optimal
flow of information.
6. IntERACtion with the AUDience
Audiences expect direct interaction. So treat them as individuals; show them that you care
about their individual needs.
7. Presenter’s role
The presenter is often considered as important as his or her topic, and the presenter‟s role is
to make sure the presentation is interesting and entertaining. To achieve this goal presenters
often use their personalities more and tend to be more enthusiastic.
Dealing with nervousness
1. PrEPARe well
“Failing to prepare is preparing to fail.” Preparation is the key to successful presentation.
Nothing will relax you more than knowing exactly what you want to say and having
practiced to saying it. Make sure you practice your talk until you feel at home with it, then
you concentrate on other things.
2. LEARn to relAX
Doing stretching or breathing exercises before your talk can help you to reduce nervousness.
One example: before your presentation, sit comfortably with your back straight. Breath in
slowly, hold your breath for about five seconds, then slowly exhale. You can relax your
facial muscles by opening your eyes and mouth wide, then closing them tightly.
3. Check out the room
Make yourself familiar with the place where you will be speaking. Arrive early, walk around
the room, and make sure everything you need for your talk is there. Practice using any
equipment you plan to work with.
4. Know your AUDience
If possible, greet your audience as they arrive and chat with them. It will be easier to speak
to people who are not complete strangers.
5. ConcentrATe on the messAGE
Try to focus on the message and your audience, not on your own fears.
6. VISUALIZe success
Imagine yourself speaking to your audience in a loud and clear voice. Then visualize the
audience applauding loudly at the end of your talk as you smile.
A rhetorical question
An interesting fact
An anecdote
A problem to think about
*Signposting phrases are used to help guide the audience through a presentation:
SIGNPOSTING
Saying what is coming
In this part of my presentation, I‟d like to tell you about
Moving on to the next point
This leads directly to the next part of my talk.
Indicating the end of a section
This brings me to the end of my second point.
Referring back
As I mentioned before, _
Summarizing a point
Let me briefly summarize what I‟ve said so far.
B. WRITING
Write down other tips can you think of for dealing with nervousness!
C. SPEAKING
D. LISTENING
a. A rhetorical question
b. An interesting fact
c. An anecdote
d. A problem to think about
1. , I was sitting in the waiting room at the dentist‟s the other day when I
something very interesting in one of the that was lying
there.
2. you worked in a small to medium-sized company and were
for making people in your company aware of health and safety issues. How would
you ?
3. that the number of possible ways of playing in the first four moves
per side in a game of chess is…?
4. So, let me start by . Why should we introduce a double quality check
here at Auto Spares & Parts …? Well, I‟m here today to
E. GRAMMAR FOCUS
PREPOSITION
The first rule of preparing effective visuals is that they should be clear and easy for the
audience to follow.
A. READING
Dinckel and Parnham (1985) say that “The great danger (in using visual aids) is that
presenters place the major emphasis on visual aids and relegate themselves to the minor role of
narrator or technician. You are central to the presentation. The visual aid needs you, your
interpretation, your explanation, your conviction and your justification.”
Visual aids can make information more memorable and they help the speaker. However,
they must literally support what the speaker says and not simply replace the spoken information.
It is also not enough to just read text from a visual aid.
There are many advantages to the correct use of visual aids. They can show information
which is not easily expressed in words or they can highlight information. They cause the
audience to employ another sense to receive information, they bring variety and therefore
increase the audience‟s attention. They save time and they clarify complex information.
B. SPEAKING
Explaining a visual:
Let‟s now look at the next slide which shows
First, let me quickly explain the graph.
You can see that different colours have been used to indicate
The key in the bottom left-hand corner shows you
Highlighting information:
I‟d like to start by drawing your attention to
What I‟d like to point out here is
I think you‟ll be surprised to see
I‟d like you to focus your attention on
Let‟s look more closely at
C. LISTENING
Listen to the three extracts from presentations and tick () the media used.
1 2 3
Flip chart
Whiteboard
PowerPoint slide
Presentation 1
1. Take a look at _
2. They clearly how a combination of two significant external factors affected our
business in the first of this year.
3. I‟ll just write some on the and then we will go on to discuss the next
point.
Presentation 2
4. OK. Let‟s now _ at our new magnetic ski rack Matterhorn which was launched
in August.
5. On the you will see an of the Matterhorn X-15.
Presentation 3
6. These are the for Europe for the three quarters of this year.
7. As you here, we‟ve had a very successful year.
8. To highlight our success even further, let‟s to the 2003 figures on the previous
Listen to excerpts from three presentations and say what visuals are used.
Presentation 1:
Presentation 2:
Presentation 3:
Presentation 1
Presentation 2
3. Let‟s now at the sales figures over the past five years.
4. The key in the bottom corner shows you which colour which area.
5. OK, so I‟d like to first _ your attention to the sales figures for France – that‟s the
blue line here.
Presentation 3
6. Now I‟d like you to at this next which shows how the cost of living
developed in Europe between 2003 and 2007.
7. If you look at the on the , you will see that the highest increase was
in 2001 with a rise of 2 _
D. GRAMMAR FOCUS
When he/she did the things you have noted, do you think he/she was:
2. PRONUNCIATION
Work with your partner in group to make a mini dictionary from vocabularies given. You
are supposed to add:
PRESENTATION PRACTICE
Topic:
Pharmacist duties
Disease class
Assessment aspects:
1. Substance of presentation
2. Material comprehension
3. Visual aids
4. Language use:
Formality
Pronunciation
Diction
Grammar
5. Organization/Sequencing
6. Body language
7. Attitude
8. Ability of asking
9. Ability of answering
MODULE 6
JOB
1. Music Musician
2. Art
3. Science
4. Journal
5. Politics
6. Manage
7. Interpret
8. Electric
9. Photograph
10. Police
11. Post
12. Reception
A B C
A CV has to be personalized. The word “CV” is used in Europe, the word “resume” in the US.
1. Put a summary at the top which is quick and easy to read and Introduces the whole CV
2. Typical sections of the CV, in order, might be: personal data, professional
experience, skills, other interests, education, references
3. Within the professional experience and education sections use reverse date order
(most recent first)
Note:
A general description of the current job is followed by more details as bullet points. Previous
jobs would simply have the general description without further details.
In the body of your CV remember to focus on achievements (things you have done) rather than
personal qualities which cannot be proved (I am a team player, I work well under pressure, etc.)
For the skills section you can list technical skills, management skills, people skills, language
skills, etc. for the other interests section you can list a few things like sports or travel. For the
references section many people simply write: available upon request.
APPLICATION LETTER
When you apply for a job, your CV will often be accompanied by a cover letter. The structure
should be something like this:
1. Say what job you are applying for and where you saw the advertisement.
I am writing to apply for the position of advertised on the _
2. Introduce yourself, referring to your experience.
I have been working in the industry for five years and over this time have
gained wide experience in . I believe this makes me an ideal candidate for the
job.
3. Describe how this particular job is right for you. Refer to your CV. Use a few key
words from the advertisement.
As you can see from my CV, I have a strong technical background in
I perform well in a result-driven environment, and I am a good team player.
With my proven track record in financial control I feel that I could make a strong
contribution to strategy and planning at Alpha International.
4. Give your availability
I am available for interview at any time, but my preference is for late afternoon due to my
current work commitments.
Name and
Your address
The date
The greeting
Introduction
Main parts
Concluding comment
The ending
Your signature
MODULE 7
Think about the most successful shopping sites on the internet. What do they have in
common? Whether you are booking a holiday, buying books and music or simply doing the
weekly shop, the best sites provide the highest levels of customer satisfaction. How do they do
it? Why is customer care such a priority?
For most shoppers, customer convenience is the most important factor. Up-to-date
technology means that when you return to a site you have visited before, they will remember
your name, your profile, and what you bought last time. They also track where you browsed and
what you thought about buying. They can also make some recommendations about other places,
titles, or products.
We demand customer-friendly navigation and the best sites provide it, continually raising
their levels of service. Convenient and efficient payment systems are also essential.
Sometimes, of course, things go wrong but this is when the sites are even better at dealing
with customers. You can call a helpline and talk to an agent, email your problem and get a reply
within twenty-four hours or even get assistance via an instant messaging conversation. The
people in charge of customer relations know that we want to shop, maybe purchase, and then
leave with a very positive impression of the site. A satisfied customer is a good customer. Good
customers remain loyal and recommend you to others.
1. Customer convenience
2. 3.
4. 5.
1. Profitable =
2. Something of the highest importance =
3. Easy or helpful to use =
4. Fast and organized =
5. Absolutely necessary =
6. Help =
7. Faithful =
8. Suggest =
Here are some comments taken from customer service questionnaires. Mark them positive
(P) or negative (N).
1. „Your sales staffs are impatient. They never wait for people to finish speaking and
are always in a hurry.‟
2. „The people working at your call center are always so polite and helpful and they
always take the time to answer all my questions.‟
3. „I wish your employees would be more attentive. They don‟t seem to listen to what I
say and don‟t care about me at all.‟
4. „The bank officer took care of my requests straight away. I didn‟t have to wait at all.‟
5. „When I arrived at your hotel, I was totally ignored by both the bellhop and
the receptionist.‟
6. „The clerk was really rude and pretended not to see me.‟
7. „The waiter was well informed about the menu and was prompt in bringing my food.‟
8. „Your service was more than I asked for. That really made me feel special.‟
Complete the table with opposites from exercise above
Positive Negative
To be attentive To ignore somebody
To take the time
polite
Uninformed
Too slow
patient
Unhelpful
ordinary
Now use words from the table to complete these sentences. Sometimes more than one
answer is possible.
B. LANGUAGE FOCUS
Making suggestions
Why don‟t you _?
Don‟t/Wouldn‟t you agree that ?
Isn‟t it a better idea to ?
It makes a good/bad impression if they/you ?
Responding to suggestions
That‟s right/I agree
I see your point
I disagree because
I don‟t agree. I would
MODULE
8
FACE TO FACE WITH CUSTOMER
A. READING
Your body language – the way you stand or sit, what you do with your arms and hands, whether
you are smiling or frowning, and so on – tells the real truth to your customers! Your words may
be able to hide that you‟re bored or uninterested, but your body can‟t. When meeting a customer,
make eye contact within 10 seconds. This creates a bond between you and the customer and it
shows your interest in real communication. If you don‟t make eye contact, the customer could
think that you aren‟t interested – or even worse, that you‟re ignoring them.
B. LISTENING
Listen to five greetings in typical customer care situations and decide where they take
place.
A trade fair
A bank
A shop
A company
A hotel
Now listen again and complete the sentences. Which sentences can be used when you:
IGS. Peter : Thank you. It‟s nice to finally meet you face to
face.
2
Frank : Yes, we‟ve talked so much on the phone, I feel I know you already. Peter, I‟d like to
you to Annie Thomas, our customer services manager. Annie, this is Peter Masters from
TopForm, in Bristol.
Annie : 4
your flight from Bristol?
Peter : No, it‟s my third. I‟ve been here a couple of times as a tourist. I really like the city.
///////////////////////////////////////////////////
8
Peter : So, here‟s my taxi. Well, for a good meeting. It was great to meet both of you.
9
Frank : The same for us. Thanks for . It was a very productive meeting. So, we‟ll be
in contact by email as usual.
Now add phrases from the dialogue to fit the categories below.
Offering hospitality
Saying goodbye
C. SPEAKING
Work with a partner to practice meeting a customer for the first time.
D. WRITING
Rewrite the following sentences to make them more polite and effective.
E. GRAMMAR FOCUS
To tell the customer of your next action, use:
I‟ll + infinitive
I‟ll write you a quick email next week.
I‟ll send you the latest brochure tomorrow.
To ask if something is acceptable or not, use:
Would you mind if + the past simple
Do you mind + the present simple
May + infinitive
Would you mind if I phoned you on Monday?
Do you mi d if I ask you some questions about your company?
May I stop by your office next week?
MODULE 9
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
Research – the process of testing chemical compounds, with the goal of finding a substance
which has a beneficial effect on a targeted disease.
Development – the process of carrying forward scientific discoveries made during the research
process, with the goal of producing a marketable drug.
Analysis of disease analytical testing clinical trials dosage forms drug safety
discovery new chemical entities (NCEs)target identification
Research Development
A. READING
MENSAMINTTM
The formulation for adult patients is in lozenge form (or as MensadentTM in chewing gum
formfor young patients), and the indication is to stimulate brain activity and thinking power.
Known side effects often include loss of sleep if taken in the late afternoon or evening.
Occasionally, an increase in blood pressure may occur. Rare instances of heart palpitations and
headaches have also been reported. It is not possible to overdose and mensagitatum is non-
additive.
B. LISTENING
C. WRITING
Put the words in the right order to make questions and answers about substance discovery.
D. SPEAKING
Talk about a drug in research at your company. Mention the following points:
Dosage:
What kind of formulation could we develop?
What about using other forms?
Are tablets, capsules, or drops possible?
What about the dosage for these forms?
Development:
What is the toxicity of this NCE?
What about the bioavailability of this NCE?
When can we start the first in-man study?
Do we have the technology to make patches?
Giving opinions
I think/I feel …
In my opinion, …
From my point of view, …
Avoiding/Withholding opinions
I would rather not say …
I‟m sorry I cannot comment on …
I‟m afraid I am not in a position to answer that.
Giving strong opinions
I firmly believe …
I feel very strongly that …
I‟m sure/certain/convinced …
Match the dosage form on the left to its definition on the right.
A. LISTENING
Listen to a laboratory staff meeting which discusses preparations for an internal audit of
laboratory safety procedures. Are the statements true or false?
B. SPEAKING
Practice asking and answering audit questions with a partner. Use the laboratory clothing
and equipment from the list below:
Eye bath
Gas mask
Hairnet
Laboratory coat
Latex gloves
Overshoes
Safety glasses/goggles
Safety gloves
Bins for toxic substances
C. LANGUAGE FOCUS
INFORMING:
This … is to advise … that …
The … will be reviewed …
Our goal is to …
… department is scheduled for …
The … is as follows: …
Please make sure that …
Please send us …
Please confirm …
Strong
The only solution is to rethink the process.
I strongly suggest that we try to prevent it in future.
I‟m convinced we must repeat the last tests.
It is absolutely essential to learn the safety rules.